ontology: xenopus_anatomy_2.0.7.obo data-version: 2011-08-23 date: 14:10:2011 09:06 saved-by: lab auto-generated-by: OBO-Edit 2.1-beta11 subsetdef: anatomical_site_slim "Anatomical Site slim" subsetdef: frequent_anatomy_items "Frequently Used Anatomy slim" subsetdef: organism_views "Organism View slim" subsetdef: sectional_anatomy_items "Sectional Anatomy Item slim" synonymtypedef: PLURAL "PLURAL" default-namespace: xenopus_anatomy treat-xrefs-as-genus-differentia: CARO part_of NCBITaxon:8353 treat-xrefs-as-genus-differentia: AAO part_of NCBITaxon:8353 treat-xrefs-as-genus-differentia: CL part_of NCBITaxon:8353 treat-xrefs-as-genus-differentia: VAO part_of NCBITaxon:8353 remark: XAO v2.0 update VG Ponferrada, CH James-Zorn, E Segerdell, W Dahdul Sep 2011 remark: Drafted by E Segerdell, JB Bowes, N Pollet, and PD Vize BMC Dev Biol. 2008 Sep 25;p.8-92 (PMID:18817563) [Term] id: XAO:0000000 name: Xenopus anatomical entity [Term] id: XAO:0000001 name: ectoderm def: "Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue." [OMD:ectoderm] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: AAO:0000137 is_a: XAO:0003011 ! primary germ layer [Term] id: XAO:0000002 name: fin def: "Surface structure that has an important role in tadpole locomotion. It starts to develop along the trunk and tail of the embryo at the tail bud stage and continues to grow until the start of metamorphosis when it begins to regress. It consists of flattened epidermal cells elevated into a keel-like structure by a supporting core of mesenchyme and extracellular matrix." [PMID:15188431] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: AAO:0010374 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! ends during NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! starts during NF stage 25 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! part of ectoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000003 name: outer fin xref: AAO:0010380 is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin [Term] id: XAO:0000004 name: inner fin xref: AAO:0010379 is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin [Term] id: XAO:0000005 name: olfactory placode def: "A thick plate of cells derived from the neural ectoderm in the head region of the embryo that develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity." [NLM:olfactory+placode] synonym: "nasal placode" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011076 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! ends during NF stage 28 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! starts during NF stage 23 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! develops from sensorial layer relationship: develops_from XAO:0004209 ! develops from anterior neural ridge relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! part of olfactory system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000041 ! develops from epidermis inner layer [Term] id: XAO:0000006 name: otic vesicle alt_id: XAO:0000184 def: "The saccular invagination of ectoderm from which the vertebrate inner ear develops." [UBERON:0003051] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "ear vesicle" RELATED [] synonym: "ear" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011080 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! starts during NF stage 27 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000070 ! ends during NF stage 58 relationship: part_of XAO:0003195 ! part of vestibuloauditory system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000223 ! develops from otic placode [Term] id: XAO:0000007 name: lower eyelid xref: AAO:0010349 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye [Term] id: XAO:0000008 name: lens def: "Transparent, biconvex structure in the eye that, along with the cornea, helps to refract light to be focused on the retina." [WIKI:Lens_(anatomy)] xref: AAO:0010348 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye relationship: develops_from XAO:0000240 ! develops from lens placode relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000009 name: retina def: "Sensory membrane that lines the posterior chamber of the eye and functions as the immediate instrument of vision by receiving the image formed by the lens and converting it into chemical and nervous signals which reach the brain by way of the optic nerve." [NLM:retina] xref: AAO:0010352 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye [Term] id: XAO:0000010 name: brain def: "Organ that is a component of the central nervous system and is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses. It appears when the neural tube segregates in forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain at NF stage 22. The general pattern of the brain has been mainly established at NF stage 28. Yolky material is consumed and the fibre tracts and later the commissures develop. In general all of its parts are well developed at NF stage 53 and later development consists mainly of growth and some further cytological differentiation. In the period of metamorphosis only topographical changes take place." [ISBN:0815318960, OMD:brain] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: AAO:0010478 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! starts during NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! part of head relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! part of central nervous system [Term] id: XAO:0000011 name: forebrain def: "The part of the brain that is the anterior of its three primary divisions and that includes the telencephalon and diencephalon." [NLM:forebrain] synonym: "prosencephalon" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010147 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! part of brain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! starts during NF stage 22 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000307 ! develops from anterior neural tube [Term] id: XAO:0000012 name: telencephalon def: "Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres." [AAO:0010479] xref: AAO:0010479 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000011 ! part of forebrain [Term] id: XAO:0000013 name: diencephalon def: "The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye vescile, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis)." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010481 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000011 ! part of forebrain [Term] id: XAO:0000014 name: midbrain def: "Middle part of the brain composed of the optic tectum and penducular region." [AAO:0010149] synonym: "mesencephalon" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010149 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000307 ! develops from anterior neural tube relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! part of brain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! starts during NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000015 name: hindbrain def: "The part of the brain that is the posterior of its three primary divisions." [NLM:hindbrain] synonym: "rhombencephalon" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010150 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! part of brain relationship: develops_from XAO:0000250 ! develops from posterior neural tube relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! starts during NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000016 name: midbrain-hindbrain boundary def: "The part of the brain that is the morphological boundary between the midbrain and hindbrain and that is the location of an organizing center which patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate." [GO:0021555] synonym: "MHB" EXACT [] synonym: "isthmus" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011064 is_a: XAO:0004003 ! anatomical line relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! part of brain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! starts during NF stage 22 relationship: develops_from XAO:0004086 ! develops from presumptive midbrain-hindbrain boundary relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! part of neural plate [Term] id: XAO:0000017 name: hypophysis alt_id: XAO:0000161 def: "An endocrine gland, located ventral to the diencephalon, that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands." [UBERON:0000007] synonym: "pituitary gland" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000118 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004208 ! develops from adenohypophyseal placode relationship: part_of XAO:0000011 ! part of forebrain relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000018 name: genital ridge def: "Portion of tissue that is the precursor to the gonads." [WIKI:Gonadal_ridge] xref: AAO:0011047 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! part of urogenital system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! develops from intermediate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000020 name: spinal cord def: "Elongated, approximately cylindrical part of the central nervous system that lies in the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge." [OMD:spinal+cord] xref: AAO:0010151 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! part of central nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! starts during NF stage 22 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000250 ! develops from posterior neural tube [Term] id: XAO:0000021 name: ventricular zone subset: anatomical_site_slim xref: AAO:0011112 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region [Term] id: XAO:0000022 name: roof plate def: "Organizing center located at the dorsal midline of the neural tube that influences the development of the nervous system, controlling the specification and differentiation of dorsal neuronal cell types." [PMID:15378040] synonym: "spinal cord roof" RELATED [] synonym: "roofplate" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011097 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! part of spinal cord [Term] id: XAO:0000023 name: skin def: "Surface structure that consists of the external membranous integument of the animal." [OMD:skin] synonym: "integument" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000239 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000176 ! part of dermal system [Term] id: XAO:0000024 name: mandibular crest is_a: XAO:0001001 ! cranial neural crest [Term] id: XAO:0000025 name: hyoid crest synonym: "hyoid neural crest" EXACT [] xref: ZFA:0007065 is_a: XAO:0001001 ! cranial neural crest [Term] id: XAO:0000026 name: branchial crest def: "The most posterior of the population of migratory cells of the cranial neural crest, forming the branchial arch 3 and 4." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0001001 ! cranial neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! starts during NF stage 15 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! ends during NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000027 name: cranial ganglion def: "Ganglion that is located in the head." [ZFA:0000013] synonym: "cranial ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: ZFA:0000013 is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0000270 ! develops from sensorial layer of neurectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000028 name: epidermis def: "The outer epithelial layer of the external integument of the body that is derived from the embryonic epiblast." [AAO:0000143] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "skin" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0000143 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! starts during NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! part of ectoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! part of skin [Term] id: XAO:0000029 name: epidermis outer layer def: "The outermost layer of the epidermis, the multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "epidermis epithelial layer" RELATED [] synonym: "periderm" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0001185 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! part of epidermis [Term] id: XAO:0000030 name: vitelline membrane def: "Thin membrane enclosing and immediately adjacent to the ovum. Produced in the ovary. The membrane enveloping the egg or oocyte; lies immediately outside the plasmalemma; formed while the oocyte is in the ovary; separates from the egg to form the fertilization membrane." [AAO:0010332, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010332 is_a: XAO:0004005 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! part of zygote [Term] id: XAO:0000031 name: ciliated epidermal cell def: "Cell type that has motile cilia and populates the skin of the embryo, arranged in the surface layer of the non-neural ectoderm in an ordered distribution." [PMID:10518489] synonym: "ciliated cell" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! starts during NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! part of epidermis [Term] id: XAO:0000032 name: stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium def: "An anterior thickening of the sensorial layer of ectoderm, just above the cement gland. The hypophyseal layer separates from the stomodeal layer at NF stage 29&30, and when contacted by a protrusion of the foregut, the stomdeal layer will rupture to form the mouth opening at NF stage 39-40." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! ends during NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! starts during NF stage 20 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! develops from sensorial layer [Term] id: XAO:0000033 name: cement gland def: "A simple mucus-secreting structure that is positioned at the front of the embryo, attaches the newly hatched embryo to a support before the hatchling can swim well or feed, and marks the anterior-most dorsal ectoderm." [PMID:8787748] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: AAO:0010373 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000062 ! ends during NF stage 50 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000049 ! develops from cement gland primordium [Term] id: XAO:0000034 name: hatching gland def: "A Y-shaped array of unicelluar glands on the top of a head, the open end of the Y faces anteriorly, that secrete an enzyme that dissolves or weakens the egg jelly and facilitates hatching. Presumptive cells of the hatching gland are present by the end of gastrualtion ( NF stage 12.5) and differentiated cells start to form after neurulation is complete (NF stage 21)." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "frontal gland" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011050 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000049 ! ends during NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! starts during NF stage 15 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! part of ectoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000035 name: zygote def: "Cell resulting from the fusion of male and female gametes at fertilization." [OMD:zygote] synonym: "fertilized egg" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000365 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000036 name: animal cap def: "Ectodermal roof of the blastocoel." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "animal ectoderm" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010463 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! ends during NF stage 12 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! part of ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! starts during NF stage 6 (32-cell) [Term] id: XAO:0000037 name: animal cap inner layer def: "Sensorial layer of blastocoel roof ectoderm." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010464 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000036 ! part of animal cap [Term] id: XAO:0000038 name: animal cap outer layer def: "Superficial layer of blastocoel roof ectoderm." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010465 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000036 ! part of animal cap [Term] id: XAO:0000039 name: anatomical site is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0003186 [Term] id: XAO:0000040 name: head region def: "The anterior most third of the embryo, from the development of the head outgrowth at NF stage 21." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region [Term] id: XAO:0000041 name: epidermis inner layer def: "A distinct layer of the epidermal cells beneath the outermost layer of epidermis, the multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "stratum germinativum" RELATED [] synonym: "epidermis sensorial layer" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! part of epidermis [Term] id: XAO:0000042 name: neuroectoderm def: "Embryonic ectoderm that gives rise to nervous tissue." [NLM:neuroectoderm] synonym: "neurectoderm" EXACT [] synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED [] synonym: "neural ectoderm" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011074 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! part of ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! starts during NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000043 name: neuroectoderm outer layer is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! part of neuroectoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000044 name: neuroectoderm inner layer is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! part of neuroectoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000045 name: pre-chordal neural plate def: "The portion of neural plate anterior to the mid-hindbrain junction." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "anterior neural plate" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011084 is_a: XAO:0000249 ! neural plate [Term] id: XAO:0000046 name: chordal neural plate def: "The portion of neural plate posterior to the mid-hindbrain junction." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "posterior neural plate" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000249 ! neural plate [Term] id: XAO:0000047 name: notoplate is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! part of neural plate [Term] id: XAO:0000048 name: neural crest def: "A group of embryonic cells that loosen and separate from the neural plate and surrounding epidermis during neurulation and migrate to give several different lineages of adult cells." [AAO:0010578] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "neural crest material" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010578 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! starts during NF stage 15 relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! part of neuroectoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000049 name: cement gland primordium def: "The thickening of the epithelial layer of the ectoderm, with corresponding dark pigmentation, on the anterior dorso-ventral surface of the embryo." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] synonym: "cement gland anlage" EXACT [] synonym: "adhesive organ primordium" EXACT [] synonym: "cement gland" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! ends during NF stage 28 relationship: develops_from XAO:1000023 ! develops from NF stage 13 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! develops from sensorial layer [Term] id: XAO:0000050 name: mesoderm def: "Primary germ layer that is the middle of the embryo's germ layers." [OMD:mesoderm] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "mesodermal mantle" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000304 is_a: XAO:0003011 ! primary germ layer [Term] id: XAO:0000051 name: dorsal aorta def: "Principal unpaired, median artery of the trunk, extending into the tail as the caudal artery." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] synonym: "aorta dorsalis" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011029 is_a: XAO:0003010 ! aorta relationship: develops_from XAO:0000357 ! develops from arterial endothelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! develops from intermediate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000052 name: cardinal vein def: "The paired main vein, departing from the sinus venous, the fused heart primordium, it runs posteriorly down length of the embryo." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0011022 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! develops from intermediate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000053 name: head mesoderm def: "The mesoderm of the head." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0011051 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000079 ! develops from prechordal plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! starts during NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0000054 name: trunk region subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region [Term] id: XAO:0000055 name: notochord def: "A longitudinal flexible rod of cells that in the embryo forms the supporting axis of the body. It degenerates, beginning anteriorly, at NF stage 46. Its posterior portion is greatly reduced by NF stage 55 and the entire structure is gone by NF stage 65." [ISBN:0815318960, NLM:notochord] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: VAO:0000032 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! ends during NF stage 66 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000205 ! develops from axial mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! starts during NF stage 12.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000056 name: hypochord def: "Transient structure that lies immediately ventral to the notochord in the embryo, likely required for the formation of the dorsal aorta. A slight depression marks the future hypochord at NF stage 20 and its segregation from the dorsal endoderm begins at NF stage 24. It progresses from anterior to posterior and is complete by NF stage 28. At NF stage 32 it is present as a dorso-laterally flattened ribbon of yolk-laden cells. It degenerates by apoptosis and by NF stage 43 is no longer detectable as a distinct structure." [ISBN:0815318960, PMID:10648245] synonym: "subnotochordal rod" RELATED [PMID:10648245] xref: AAO:0000733 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! part of endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000055 ! ends during NF stage 43 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! starts during NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000057 name: presomitic mesoderm def: "Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form." [UBERON:0003059] synonym: "somitogenic mesoderm" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011086 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000259 ! develops from paraxial mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000058 name: somite def: "Any of the approximately 45 bilaterally paired blocks of mesoderm cells, lying on either side of the notochord and neural tube, and forming sequentially starting at the head during development of the embryo. Together they give rise to the axial skeleton (from the sclerotome), associated musculature (from the myotome), and dermis (from the dermatome)." [OMD:somite, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "somites" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "somitic mesoderm" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010569 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! part of mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! starts during NF stage 17 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! ends during NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0000059 name: pronephros is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0002000 ! pronephric kidney [Term] id: XAO:0000061 name: pronephric capsule is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000318 [Term] id: XAO:0000062 name: nephrostome def: "The opening of the pronephros into the body cavity." [GO:0039018] xref: AAO:0011069 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! part of pronephric kidney relationship: develops_from XAO:0000264 ! develops from pronephric mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000071 ! ends during NF stage 59 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! starts during NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000063 name: pronephric duct xref: AAO:0011088 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! part of pronephric kidney relationship: develops_from XAO:0000264 ! develops from pronephric mesenchyme relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! starts during NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000064 name: heart def: "Internal, blood-pumping circulatory system organ ultimately composed of three chambers (two atria and one ventricle) and occupying a ventral position within the chest of the mature tadpole/frog." [AAO:0010210, PMID:17194606] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: AAO:0010210 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! part of cardiovascular system relationship: part_of XAO:0003034 ! part of viscus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000065 name: myocardium def: "The middle layer of the heart, consisting of cardiac muscle." [AAO:0010410] synonym: "cardiac muscle" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010410 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000336 ! develops from fused heart primordium relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart [Term] id: XAO:0000066 name: endocardium def: "Part of the heart composed of thin serous membrane and endothelial tissue, that lines the interior of the heart." [AAO:0010408] xref: AAO:0010408 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000336 ! develops from fused heart primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! starts during NF stage 27 relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart [Term] id: XAO:0000067 name: ventral blood island def: "Region located on the ventral surface of the developing embryo that is a site of hematopoiesis and that is analogous to the yolk sac blood islands of higher vertebrates." [PMID:9618755] synonym: "VBI" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral lateral plate mesoderm" BROAD [] synonym: "blood island" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011006 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000311 ! develops from lateral plate mesoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! part of hematological system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! starts during NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000068 name: marginal zone def: "Belt-like region of presumptive mesoderm at the equator of the late blastula." [AAO:0010448] xref: AAO:0010448 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000113 ! part of embryo [Term] id: XAO:0000069 name: ventral marginal zone synonym: "VMZ" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010453 is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone [Term] id: XAO:0000070 name: ventro-lateral marginal zone xref: AAO:0010454 is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone [Term] id: XAO:0000071 name: dorso-lateral marginal zone xref: AAO:0010450 is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone [Term] id: XAO:0000072 name: dorsal marginal zone def: "Marginal zone that is a key embryonic tissue region of the early gastrula stage embryo and that houses the Spemann-Mangold organizer." [PMID:17368611] synonym: "organizer" RELATED [] synonym: "DMZ" EXACT [PMID:17368611] synonym: "Spemann organizer" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010449 is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone [Term] id: XAO:0000073 name: deep (mesenchymal) layer is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000074 name: involuting marginal zone xref: AAO:0010451 is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone [Term] id: XAO:0000075 name: involuting marginal zone mesenchymal layer synonym: "deep involuting marginal zone" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000074 ! involuting marginal zone [Term] id: XAO:0000076 name: involuting marginal zone epithelial layer synonym: "superficial involuting marginal zone" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000074 ! involuting marginal zone [Term] id: XAO:0000077 name: bottle cell def: "Cell type that is first to migrate inwards at the blastopore during gastrulation." [OMD:bottle+cell] is_a: XAO:0003244 ! gastrula cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! starts during NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000078 name: blastopore lip def: "The edge of the blastopore." [ISBN:0-387-53740-6] xref: AAO:0010455 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000030 ! starts during NF stage 10.25 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! ends during NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000208 ! part of blastopore [Term] id: XAO:0000079 name: prechordal plate synonym: "head mesenchyme" BROAD [] synonym: "head mesoderm" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011085 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! develops from mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000030 ! starts during NF stage 10.25 [Term] id: XAO:0000080 name: forelimb region def: "The region from which the forelimb develops, first recognizable at NF stage 48, and distinct by NF stage 49." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] subset: anatomical_site_slim synonym: "fore limb region" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! starts during NF stage 48 [Term] id: XAO:0000081 name: hindlimb region def: "The region from which the hindlimb develops, first recognizable as a slight concentration of mesenchymal cells dorsal and lateral to the anal tube at NF stage 43. The epidermal layers thicken dramatically through to NF stage 48, and become vascularised by NF stage 49." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] subset: anatomical_site_slim synonym: "hind limb region" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! starts during NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000082 name: circumblastoporal collar synonym: "circumblastoporal region" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! develops from mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000083 name: involuted dorsal mesoderm is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000082 ! part of circumblastoporal collar [Term] id: XAO:0000084 name: involuted ventral mesoderm is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000082 ! part of circumblastoporal collar [Term] id: XAO:0000085 name: intermediate mesoderm def: "Mesoderm between somite and lateral plate. Traditionally thought to give rise to the urogenital system." [AAO:0010575] synonym: "lateral plate mesoderm" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010575 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! develops from mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000086 name: ciliary marginal zone def: "The region at the periphery of the retina where retinal stem cells are located. It is spatially ordered with respect to cellular development and differentiation, with the youngest and least-determined stem cells closest to the periphery, the proliferative retinoblasts in the middle, and postmitotic cells at the central edge." [PMID:15844194] xref: AAO:0010342 is_a: XAO:0004122 ! proliferative region relationship: part_of XAO:0000009 ! part of retina [Term] id: XAO:0000087 name: tail region subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region [Term] id: XAO:0000088 name: upper blastopore lip synonym: "dorsal blastopore lip" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010457 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000078 ! part of blastopore lip [Term] id: XAO:0000089 name: lower blastopore lip synonym: "ventral blastopore lip" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010456 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000078 ! part of blastopore lip [Term] id: XAO:0000090 name: endoderm def: "Primary germ layer that lies remote from the surface of the embryo and gives rise to internal tissues such as gut." [OMD:endoderm] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "entoderm" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000139 is_a: XAO:0003011 ! primary germ layer [Term] id: XAO:0000091 name: head endoderm def: "The endoderm of the head." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! part of endoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000092 name: archenteron def: "The cavity of the gastrula forming a primitive gut. At NF stage 20-21 its wide canal becomes dorso-ventrally compressed and narrowed in the future trunk region so that a subdivision into a foregut, a midgut and a hindgut with protruding endodermal mass becomes manifest." [ISBN:0815318960, NLM:archenteron] synonym: "gastrocoel" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010430 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: start_stage XAO:1000030 ! starts during NF stage 10.25 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! ends during NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! part of endoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000093 name: archenteron floor def: "The layer of cells forming the ventral surface of the archenteron space of the embryo." [PMID:17540356] xref: AAO:0010431 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000031 ! starts during NF stage 10.5 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! ends during NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000092 ! part of archenteron [Term] id: XAO:0000094 name: archenteron roof def: "The layer of cells forming the dorsal surface of the archenteron space of the embryo." [PMID:17540356] synonym: "gastrocoel roof" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010432 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! ends during NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000092 ! part of archenteron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000022 ! starts during NF stage 12 [Term] id: XAO:0000095 name: lateral line system def: "Sensory system that has as it parts the sense organs that detect vibrations carried through water, develops during late tailbud stage, and persists in the adult bearing elaborate dorsal and ventral components. It develops from a specialized series of dorsolateral ectodermal placodes named lateral line placodes." [AAO:0000975, ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "lateral line stitches" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral-line organs" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000975 is_a: XAO:0003194 ! sensory system relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! part of peripheral nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000096 name: pharyngeal arch def: "One of a series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo." [NLM:branchial+arch] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "visceral arch" RELATED [] synonym: "pharyngeal arches" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: VAO:0000149 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! part of head [Term] id: XAO:0000097 name: mandibular arch synonym: "first visceral arch" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010364 is_a: XAO:0000096 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! starts during NF stage 24 relationship: part_of XAO:0003176 ! part of splanchnocranium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000102 ! develops from visceral pouch 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000098 name: hyoid arch synonym: "second visceral arch" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010363 is_a: XAO:0000096 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! starts during NF stage 24 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000247 ! develops from visceral pouch 2 [Term] id: XAO:0000099 name: branchial arch def: "The pharyngeal arches (which develop into the branchial arches) are anlage for a multitude of structures. Each pharyngeal arch has a cartilaginous stick, a muscle component which differentiates from the cartilaginous tissue, an artery, and a cranial nerve. Each of these is surrounded by mesenchyme. Arches do not develop simultaneously, but instead possess a \"staggered\" development." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] synonym: "branchial arches" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010362 is_a: XAO:0000096 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! starts during NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000100 name: cardiovascular system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the heart and blood vessels." [BTO:0000088] xref: AAO:0011001 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0000101 name: liver diverticulum def: "An out-pocket of thickened ventral foregut epithelium adjacent to the developing heart. Its anterior portion gives rise to the liver and intrahepatic biliary tree, while the posterior portion forms the gall bladder and extrahepatic bile duct." [UBERON:0008835] xref: AAO:0011057 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! develops from foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000024 ! starts during NF stage 14 [Term] id: XAO:0000102 name: visceral pouch 1 def: "First of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] synonym: "first visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011114 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! starts during NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000103 name: midgut def: "Middle subdivision of the digestive tract. The midgut is the portion of the embryo from which most of the intestines develop. After it bends around the superior mesenteric artery, it is often referred to as the \"midgut loop\". It comprises the portion of the alimentary canal from the end of the foregut at the opening of the bile duct to the hindgut, about two-thirds of the way through the transverse colon." [UBERON:0001045, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: UBERON:0001045 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! starts during NF stage 20 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000092 ! develops from archenteron relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0000104 name: hindgut def: "Posterior subdivision of the digestive tract. The posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the large intestine and cloaca." [UBERON:0001046, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0011052 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! starts during NF stage 20 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000092 ! develops from archenteron relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0000105 name: pharyngeal cavity xref: AAO:0010435 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! starts during NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! develops from foregut relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0000106 name: post-anal gut xref: AAO:0010437 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000092 ! part of archenteron [Term] id: XAO:0000107 name: tail bud def: "Rapidly proliferating mass of cells at the caudal extremity of the embryo. Its formation is reflected in a caudal carving of the posterior portion of the archenteric canal at NF stage 22. With its further outgrowth, the postanal gut primordium becomes stretched. Its lumen is in broad communication with the hindgut at NF stage 25." [ISBN:0815318960, OMD:tail+bud] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "tailbud" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011104 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! starts during NF stage 25 relationship: part_of XAO:0000087 ! part of tail region [Term] id: XAO:0000108 name: chordoneural hinge def: "The anterior limit of the neurenteric canal, which connects the post-anal gut with the central canal of the spinal chord. It is formed from a population of cells derived from the dorsal lip of the late gastrula, and has been shown to be important in tail development." [ISBN:0-7623-0285-2, PMID:11404094, PMID:7916680] synonym: "CNH" EXACT [] synonym: "chordo neural hinge" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007097 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000107 ! part of tail bud [Term] id: XAO:0000109 name: posterior wall of neurenteric canal synonym: "posterior wall of NEC" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000107 ! part of tail bud [Term] id: XAO:0000110 name: glomeral mesenchyme def: "Portion of tissue that consists of the precursors of the pronephric glomus or glomerulus; derived from the medial portion of the pronephric intermediate mesoderm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "glomerulus" RELATED [] synonym: "corpuscle" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! develops from intermediate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000111 name: germ cell def: "Cell type that is involved in the reproduction of the organism." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "germ line cell" BROAD [] synonym: "germ cells" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "germ line cells" BROAD PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000586 is_a: XAO:0003148 ! germ line cell [Term] id: XAO:0000113 name: embryo def: "Anatomical entity that comprises the animal in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems." [BTO:0000379] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: AAO:0011035 is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000035 ! develops from zygote [Term] id: XAO:0000114 name: artery def: "Any of the tubular branching vessels that carry blood from the heart through the body." [NLM:artery] xref: AAO:0010211 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel [Term] id: XAO:0000115 name: vein def: "Any of the tubular branching vessels that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart." [NLM:vein] xref: AAO:0010212 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel [Term] id: XAO:0000116 name: capillary def: "Any of the smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules." [NLM:capillary] xref: AAO:0010252 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel [Term] id: XAO:0000117 name: respiratory system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs involved in breathing in respiration (breathing)." [OMD:respiratory+apparatus] xref: AAO:0000541 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0000118 name: trachea def: "An elongated tube which carries air to and from the lungs." [AAO:0010140] xref: AAO:0010140 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! part of respiratory system [Term] id: XAO:0000119 name: lung def: "Either of two organs which allow gas exchange absorbing oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide with exhaled air." [AAO:0010567] xref: AAO:0010567 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! part of respiratory system relationship: part_of XAO:0003034 ! part of viscus [Term] id: XAO:0000120 name: external gill def: "The primary respiration organ in some species of tadpoles, whose function is the extraction of oxygen from water and the excretion of carbon dioxide. The microscopic structure of a gill is such that it presents a very large surface area to the external environment. Gills usually consist of thin filaments of tissue, branches, or slender tufted processes which have a highly folded surface to increase surface area. A high surface area is crucial for effective gas exchange." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "gill" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0010174 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000448 ! develops from gill primordium relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! part of respiratory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! starts during NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0000121 name: bronchus def: "A passage of airway in the respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "bronchial tube" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010524 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! part of respiratory system [Term] id: XAO:0000122 name: hematological system def: "Anatomical system that consists of the blood and blood forming tissues." [OMD:haematological] synonym: "hematopoietic system" RELATED [] synonym: "haematopoietic system" EXACT [] synonym: "haematological system" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011002 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0000123 name: bone marrow def: "Flexible tissue found in the hollow interior of bones. In adults, marrow in large bones produces new blood cells." [UBERON:0002371] xref: AAO:0011007 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! part of hematological system [Term] id: XAO:0000124 name: blood def: "The fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins carrying nourishment and oxygen to and bringing away waste products from all parts of the animal." [NLM:blood] xref: AAO:0000046 is_a: XAO:0004001 ! portion of organism substance relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! part of hematological system relationship: develops_from XAO:0004144 ! develops from anterior ventral blood island relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000125 name: alimentary system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes." [NLM:alimentary+system] synonym: "digestive system" RELATED [] synonym: "gut" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000339 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0000126 name: oral cavity xref: ZFA:0001027 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of XAO:0003029 ! part of mouth relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0000127 name: esophagus def: "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. At NF stage 57 it is a straight tube, round in cross section, and starting from the pharynx runs backward along the dorsal side of the abdominal cavity. Its lining consists of a columnar glandular epithelium with mucus secreting cells. It is thrown into longitudinal folds." [ISBN:0815318960, OMD:esophagus] synonym: "oesophagus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000145 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0000128 name: stomach def: "Internal organ that is the dilated portion of the alimentary tract situated between the esophagus and the beginning of the duodenum. It produces gastric juices involved in the breakdown of food." [OMD:stomach] xref: AAO:0000579 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0003034 ! part of viscus relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! develops from foregut relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0000129 name: intestine def: "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter." [AAO:0000246] xref: AAO:0000246 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system relationship: part_of XAO:0003034 ! part of viscus [Term] id: XAO:0000130 name: small intestine xref: AAO:0010397 is_a: XAO:0000129 ! intestine [Term] id: XAO:0000131 name: large intestine xref: AAO:0010396 is_a: XAO:0000129 ! intestine [Term] id: XAO:0000132 name: liver and biliary system xref: AAO:0011056 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0000133 name: liver def: "Organ which secretes bile and participates in formation of certain blood proteins." [AAO:0010111] xref: AAO:0010111 is_a: XAO:0003164 ! solid compound organ relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: develops_from XAO:0003266 ! develops from liver primordium relationship: part_of XAO:0000132 ! part of liver and biliary system relationship: part_of XAO:0003034 ! part of viscus [Term] id: XAO:0000134 name: bile duct def: "Duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine." [ZFA:0001100] synonym: "hepatic duct" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011019 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: part_of XAO:0000132 ! part of liver and biliary system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! develops from liver diverticulum [Term] id: XAO:0000135 name: gall bladder def: "A small organ of the alimentary system that aids mainly in fat digestion, and concentrates bile that is produced by the liver." [ZFA:0000208] synonym: "gallbladder" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010114 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! ends during NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000132 ! part of liver and biliary system relationship: develops_from XAO:0004205 ! develops from gall bladder primordium relationship: part_of XAO:0003034 ! part of viscus relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! develops from liver diverticulum [Term] id: XAO:0000136 name: pancreas def: "Internal gland organ with distinct tissues with different endocrine and exocrine functions. Its rudiment has three parts, one dorsal and two ventral primordia. The ventral can be first detected at NF stage 37/38. The dorsal is clearly segregated from the duodenal wall by NF stage 39. At NF stage 40 the right and left primordia have fused just above the gasto-duodenal vein. At NF stage 42 blood vessels penetrate into the crevices between the pancreatic acini making them more conspicuous." [ISBN:0815318960, ISBN:0881679860] xref: AAO:0010112 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0001103 ! develops from ventral pancreatic bud relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system relationship: part_of XAO:0003034 ! part of viscus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! starts during NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0000137 name: exocrine pancreas def: "Pancreatic tissue composed of acinar epithelial cells and ductal epithelium that manufacture the proteolytic enzymes and bicarbonate required for digestion." [ZFA:0001249] xref: AAO:0010407 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000136 ! part of pancreas [Term] id: XAO:0000138 name: mesentery xref: AAO:0011061 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0000139 name: peritoneum def: "Serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom. It covers most of the intra-abdominal organs, supports the abdominal organs, and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves. It is composed of a layer of mesothelium." [AAO:0010814] xref: AAO:0010814 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0000140 name: urogenital system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction." [NLM:genitourinary+tract] xref: AAO:0000624 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0000141 name: mesonephric kidney def: "Organ that is the definitive adult kidney. It replaces the earlier pronephros, which degenerates as the mesonephros becomes functional in feeding stage tadpoles." [AAO:0010384] synonym: "mesonephros" RELATED [] synonym: "opisthonephros" RELATED [] synonym: "adult kidney" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010384 is_a: XAO:0003267 ! kidney relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! part of trunk [Term] id: XAO:0000142 name: genital system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction." [NLM:genitourinary+tract] synonym: "reproductive system" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011048 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! part of urogenital system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000018 ! develops from genital ridge [Term] id: XAO:0000143 name: urinary system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine." [NLM:genitourinary+tract] xref: AAO:0010257 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! part of urogenital system [Term] id: XAO:0000144 name: ureter def: "Anatomical structure consisting of long narrow duct which carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder." [AAO:0010254] xref: AAO:0010254 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000143 ! part of urinary system [Term] id: XAO:0000146 name: glomerulus def: "A tuft of capillaries found in a Bowman's capsule in which waste products are filtered from the blood and urine formation is initiated. Paired highly vascularized structures of the pronephros, responsible for blood filtration." [AAO:0010388, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "renal corpuscle" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010388 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000292 ! part of mesonephric nephron [Term] id: XAO:0000147 name: glomerus comment: Made obolete - PV, perhaps a typo. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000148 name: mesonephric tubule synonym: "renal tubule" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010389 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000292 ! part of mesonephric nephron [Term] id: XAO:0000149 name: renal proximal convoluted tubule is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000331 [Term] id: XAO:0000150 name: loop of Henle is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000151 name: mesonephric collecting duct synonym: "collecting duct" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010390 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: part_of XAO:0000148 ! part of mesonephric tubule [Term] id: XAO:0000152 name: renal distal convoluted tubule is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000334 [Term] id: XAO:0000153 name: urethra relationship: part_of XAO:0000143 ! part of urinary system [Term] id: XAO:0000154 name: bladder def: "The organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys before disposal by urination." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "urinary bladder" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000623 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0003034 ! part of viscus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! starts during NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0000143 ! part of urinary system [Term] id: XAO:0000155 name: male genitalia def: "The organs of the male reproductive system." [NLM:genitalia] synonym: "male genitals" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0000142 ! genital system relationship: part_of XAO:0003006 ! part of male organism [Term] id: XAO:0000156 name: female genitalia def: "The organs of the female reproductive system." [NLM:genitalia] synonym: "female genitals" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0000142 ! genital system relationship: part_of XAO:0003005 ! part of female organism [Term] id: XAO:0000157 name: testis def: "Reproductive organ that produces and releases sperm." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "testes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0000606 is_a: XAO:0003146 ! gonad relationship: part_of XAO:0000155 ! part of male genitalia [Term] id: XAO:0000158 name: endocrine system def: "Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce endocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity." [NLM:endocrine+system] xref: AAO:0010279 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0000159 name: islets of Langerhans def: "Structure that is made up of islet cells that produce insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin." [UBERON:0000016] synonym: "endocrine pancreas" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000016 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system relationship: part_of XAO:0000136 ! part of pancreas relationship: develops_from XAO:0001103 ! develops from ventral pancreatic bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! starts during NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000160 name: pineal gland def: "An unpaired glandular organ subdivision attached on the midline near the posterior and habenular commissures of the epithalamus." [UBERON:0001905] synonym: "epiphysis" RELATED [] synonym: "pineal organ" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001905 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0003198 ! part of visual system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! starts during NF stage 26 relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! part of midbrain [Term] id: XAO:0000162 name: thyroid def: "A two-lobed endocrine gland, located next to the trachea, and producing various hormones, such as triiodothyronine and calcitonin." [UBERON:0002046] synonym: "thyroid gland" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002046 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000444 ! develops from thyroid primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000061 ! starts during NF stage 49 [Term] id: XAO:0000163 name: thymus def: "Anatomical structure of largely lymphoid tissue that functions in cell-mediated immunity by being the site where T cells develop." [NLM:thymus] xref: ZFA:0001078 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! part of immune system relationship: end_stage XAO:1000093 ! ends during adult frog relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000164 name: adrenal gland def: "Either of a pair of complex endocrine organs near the anterior medial border of the kidney consisting of a mesodermal cortex that produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgenic hormones and an ectodermal medulla that produces epinephrine and norepinephrine." [UBERON:0002369] xref: AAO:0010551 is_a: XAO:0003164 ! solid compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system [Term] id: XAO:0000165 name: adrenal cortex def: "Situated along the perimeter of the adrenal gland, the adrenal cortex mediates the stress response through the production of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, including aldosterone and cortisol respectively. It is also a secondary site of androgen synthesis. The perimeter region of the adrenal gland, the site of steroid synthesis." [PMID:14061885, UBERON:0001235] synonym: "interrenal tissue" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011009 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000164 ! part of adrenal gland relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system [Term] id: XAO:0000166 name: adrenal medulla def: "Part of the adrenal gland, located at the center of the gland, being surrounded by the adrenal cortex. It is the innermost part of the adrenal gland, consisting of cells that secrete epinephrine, norepinephrine, and a small amount of dopamine in response to stimulation by sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Composed mainly of hormone-producing chromaffin cells, the adrenal medulla is the principal site of the conversion of the amino acid tyrosine into the catecholamines adrenaline (epinephrine), noradrenaline (norepinephrine), and dopamine." [UBERON:0001236] synonym: "chromaffin cells" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011010 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000319 ! develops from trunk neural crest relationship: part_of XAO:0000164 ! part of adrenal gland relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system [Term] id: XAO:0000167 name: parathyroid def: "An organ specialized for secretion of parathyroid hormone. It controls the amount of calcium in the blood and within the bones." [UBERON:0001132] synonym: "parathyroid gland" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001132 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000447 ! develops from branchial arch 1 relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000452 ! develops from ultimobranchial body [Term] id: XAO:0000168 name: musculoskeletal system def: "Anatomical system that provides locomotion and physical support to the organism." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: VAO:0000031 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0000169 name: bone tissue def: "The hard form of connective tissue that constitutes the majority of the skeleton." [BTO:0000140] synonym: "bone" RELATED [] xref: VAO:0000047 is_a: XAO:0004038 ! skeletal tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004053 ! part of skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0000170 name: cartilage tissue def: "A type of dense connective tissue that is composed of specialized cells, chondrocytes, that produce a large amount of extracellular matrix." [WIKI:Cartilage] synonym: "cartilage" RELATED [] xref: VAO:0000040 is_a: XAO:0004038 ! skeletal tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004026 ! part of endoskeleton [Term] id: XAO:0000171 name: joint def: "Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue." [ZFA:0001596] synonym: "articulation" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000101 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: XAO:0000172 name: muscle def: "A body tissue consisting of long cells that contract when stimulated and produce motion." [BTO:0000887] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: AAO:0011066 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue [Term] id: XAO:0000173 name: tendon alt_id: XAO:0000400 def: "A fibrous, strong, connective tissue that connects muscle to bone." [OMD:tendon] xref: VAO:0000073 is_a: XAO:0004030 ! dense regular connective tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000399 ! develops from tendon fibroblast [Term] id: XAO:0000174 name: skeletal muscle def: "A type of muscle used to create movement, by applying force to bones and joints." [WIKI:Skeletal_muscle] xref: AAO:0011099 is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0000315 ! develops from myotome relationship: part_of XAO:0004042 ! part of muscular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! starts during NF stage 46 [Term] id: XAO:0000175 name: smooth muscle def: "Involuntary muscle tissue consisting of uninucleate spindle-shaped fibers." [AAO:0010244] xref: AAO:0010244 is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0000311 ! develops from lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000176 name: dermal system def: "Anatomical system that consists of the skin and its appendages." [OMD:dermal+system] xref: VAO:00000130 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0000177 name: nervous system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the brain and spinal cord, nerves, ganglia, and parts of the receptor organs and that receives and interprets stimuli and transmits impulses to the effector organs." [AAO:0000324] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: AAO:0000324 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0000178 name: peripheral nervous system def: "One of the two major divisions of the nervous system. Its nerves connect the central nervous system with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands." [OMD:peripheral+nervous+system] synonym: "PNS" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000429 is_a: XAO:0000177 ! nervous system [Term] id: XAO:0000179 name: eye def: "The organ of sight (visual apparatus), almost spherical in shape. At the end of development (NF stage 66) the eyes bulge out of their orbital capsules near the lateral edge of the dorsal side of the head." [ISBN:0815318960, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "eyes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010340 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000227 ! develops from eye primordium relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! part of head relationship: part_of XAO:0003198 ! part of visual system relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! part of central nervous system [Term] id: XAO:0000180 name: cornea def: "The transparent front part of the eye that, together with the lens, refracts light." [WIKI:Cornea] xref: AAO:0010344 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye [Term] id: XAO:0000181 name: globe def: "A general term for the whole eye, or eye ball, of an organism." [AAO:0010346] synonym: "eye ball" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010346 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye [Term] id: XAO:0000182 name: conjunctiva def: "A clear mucous membrane consisting of cells and underlying basement membrane that covers the sclera and lines the inside of the eyelids. It is made of epithelial tissue." [UBERON:0001811] synonym: "conjunctivas" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "conjunctivae" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010343 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye [Term] id: XAO:0000183 name: sclera def: "The opaque, fibrous, protective, outer layer of the eye containing collagen and elastic fiber." [UBERON:0001773] xref: AAO:0010354 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye [Term] id: XAO:0000185 name: iris def: "A membrane in the eye, responsible for controlling the amount of light reaching the retina." [UBERON:0001769] xref: AAO:0010347 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye relationship: develops_from XAO:0000228 ! develops from optic vesicle [Term] id: XAO:0000186 name: ciliary body def: "Circumferential tissue inside the eye composed of the ciliary muscle and ciliary processes." [UBERON:0001775] xref: AAO:0010341 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye [Term] id: XAO:0000187 name: dorsolateral placode region def: "Lateral neurogenic placode region positioned dorsal to the epibranchial placodes, and include the lateral line placodes, the otic placode and the trigeminal placode." [ISBN:0878933840, ZFA:0001310] xref: ZFA:0001310 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! develops from sensorial layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! starts during NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000188 name: cranial nerve II def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the eye." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "optic nerve" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000435 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye [Term] id: XAO:0000189 name: auditory apparatus def: "The combination of structures that form the ear and function to transmit vibrations and permit hearing." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] synonym: "ear" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011014 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0003195 ! part of vestibuloauditory system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000006 ! develops from otic vesicle [Term] id: XAO:0000190 name: external ear synonym: "tympanum" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011037 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! part of auditory apparatus [Term] id: XAO:0000191 name: middle ear synonym: "tympanic cavity" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011065 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! part of auditory apparatus [Term] id: XAO:0000192 name: inner ear alt_id: XAO:0000194 def: "Labyrinthine anatomical cluster that comprises sensory endorgans specialized for vestibular, auditory, and acoustico-vestibular sensation." [PMID:16217737] synonym: "membranous labyrinth" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000238 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! part of auditory apparatus [Term] id: XAO:0000193 name: osseous labyrinth synonym: "bony labyrinth" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011078 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear [Term] id: XAO:0000195 name: utricle xref: AAO:0011109 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear [Term] id: XAO:0000196 name: sacculus def: "A major structure of the inner ear, ventral to the utriculus. Two small pouches extend from it- the papilla basilaris, and the papilla amphibiorum. The sacculus functions in the detection of sound." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] synonym: "saccule" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000550 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear [Term] id: XAO:0000197 name: lagena synonym: "cochlea" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000253 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000193 ! part of osseous labyrinth [Term] id: XAO:0000198 name: semicircular canal def: "Fluid-filled ducts that loop from the utriculus in the inner ear, and help detect movement and maintain balance." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] synonym: "semicircular ducts" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "semicircular canals" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0011098 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000193 ! part of osseous labyrinth [Term] id: XAO:0000199 name: vestibule def: "The small, oval, bony chamber of the labyrinth. The vestibule contains the utricle and saccule, organs which are part of the balancing apparatus of the ear." [UBERON:0005236] xref: UBERON:0005236 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000193 ! part of osseous labyrinth [Term] id: XAO:0000200 name: animal blastomere def: "Pigmented, smaller blastomere of the animal (upper) hemisphere of the cleaving embryo." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "micromere" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010283 is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: start_stage XAO:1000011 ! starts during NF stage 2 (2-cell) relationship: develops_from XAO:0000202 ! develops from animal hemisphere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000019 ! ends during NF stage 9 [Term] id: XAO:0000201 name: olfactory apparatus is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000273 [Term] id: XAO:0000202 name: animal hemisphere def: "In developmental biology, the embryo is divided into two hemispheres: the animal pole or hemisphere and the vegetal pole or hemisphere. The animal hemisphere is the actively dividing hemisphere of the embryo, opposite the vegetal hemisphere, and is pigmented dark brown." [ISBN:3-921015-04-9] xref: AAO:0010325 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! part of zygote relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! starts during NF stage 7 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000021 ! ends during NF stage 11 [Term] id: XAO:0000203 name: archencephalic region is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000204 name: peripheral nerve is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! part of peripheral nervous system [Term] id: XAO:0000205 name: axial mesoderm def: "A type of mesoderm that lies along the central axis, under the neural tube, and gives rise to the notochord." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "chordamesoderm" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011017 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! develops from mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000206 name: blastocoel anlage def: "The first appearance of the antomical space that will become the blastocoel." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "blastocoel anlage" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010326 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! starts during NF stage 7 relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! part of zygote relationship: end_stage XAO:1000018 ! ends during NF stage 8 [Term] id: XAO:0000207 name: blastocoel roof def: "The dorsal surface of the blastocoel, the cavity of the blastula." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010436 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000294 ! part of blastocoel [Term] id: XAO:0000208 name: blastopore def: "The opening of the archenteron to the exterior, marks the point of orgin of the archenteron and the caudal end of the embryo." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] xref: AAO:0000045 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000034 ! ends during NF stage 18 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! starts during NF stage 10 relationship: part_of XAO:0000068 ! part of marginal zone [Term] id: XAO:0000209 name: ganglion def: "Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system." [NLM:ganglion] synonym: "ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010426 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! part of peripheral nervous system [Term] id: XAO:0000210 name: spinal ganglion is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! starts during NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0000211 name: sympathetic chain xref: AAO:0010791 is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! part of peripheral nervous system [Term] id: XAO:0000212 name: tympanum def: "The thin membrane or integument, which is stretched over a cartilaginous annulus in a drum-like manner, and forms the outer ear, receiving airborne vibrations and functions in hearing." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] synonym: "tympanic membrane" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011108 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! part of auditory apparatus [Term] id: XAO:0000213 name: auditory tube def: "The narrow tube connecting the middle ear with the pharynx, through which air flows to equalize pressure on either side of the tympanic membrane." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] synonym: "eustachian tube" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011016 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! part of auditory apparatus [Term] id: XAO:0000214 name: auditory ossicle def: "Any of the three tiny bones of the inner ear (columella or stapes, the sacculus and the utriculus) suspended in the otic capsule." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] xref: AAO:0011015 is_a: XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! part of auditory apparatus [Term] id: XAO:0000215 name: central nervous system def: "The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and that supervises and coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system." [NLM:central+nervous+system] synonym: "CNS" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000090 is_a: XAO:0000177 ! nervous system [Term] id: XAO:0000216 name: cortex def: "Spatial descriptor for the outermost or superficial layer of an organ, such at the cerebral cortex or adrenal gland cortex; or the outer most layers of the oocyte." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010327 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! part of zygote [Term] id: XAO:0000217 name: dermis def: "A layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the skin) and subcutaneous tissues, and is composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis." [UBERON:0002067] xref: AAO:0000128 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000220 ! develops from dermatome relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! part of skin [Term] id: XAO:0000218 name: appendage def: "An internal or external body part or prolongation that projects from, and is attached to, an organ or the main body of an organism." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "appendages" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: VAO:0000075 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! part of skin [Term] id: XAO:0000219 name: superficial (epithelial) layer is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000220 name: dermatome def: "Somitic compartment that is a precursor of dermis, the cells of which become arranged in a single layer that blankets the myotome, possibly continuously (unsegmented) across somites." [PMID:17313522] xref: AAO:0011028 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000420 ! develops from trunk somite 12 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000425 ! develops from trunk somite 17 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000424 ! develops from trunk somite 16 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000421 ! develops from trunk somite 13 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000423 ! develops from trunk somite 15 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000422 ! develops from trunk somite 14 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000412 ! develops from trunk somite 7 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000410 ! develops from trunk somite 5 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000411 ! develops from trunk somite 6 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000416 ! develops from trunk somite 8 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000419 ! develops from trunk somite 11 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000418 ! develops from trunk somite 10 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000417 ! develops from trunk somite 9 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000403 ! develops from head somite 2 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000404 ! develops from head somite 3 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000405 ! develops from head somite 4 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000406 ! develops from trunk somite 1 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000408 ! develops from trunk somite 3 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000407 ! develops from trunk somite 2 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000409 ! develops from trunk somite 4 relationship: part_of XAO:0000058 ! part of somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000396 ! develops from head somite 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000221 name: deuterencephalic region is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000222 name: ear placode is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0000223 ! otic placode [Term] id: XAO:0000223 name: otic placode def: "Invagination of thickened epithelium near the hindbrain that gives rise to a spherically shaped ear vesicle." [PMID:16217737] synonym: "auditory placode" RELATED [] synonym: "ear" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011079 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! starts during NF stage 21 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000042 ! ends during NF stage 26 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! develops from sensorial layer [Term] id: XAO:0000224 name: vegetal part, early involuting is_a: XAO:0000074 ! involuting marginal zone [Term] id: XAO:0000225 name: trigeminal placode def: "The ectodermal precursor of the trigeminal ganglion. The profundal and the trigeminal ganglia are separate distally but fused at their proximal end as they condense around NF stage 24." [PMID:21452441, UBERON:0003070] xref: ZFA:0000162 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000187 ! develops from dorsolateral placode region [Term] id: XAO:0000226 name: equatorial belt xref: AAO:0010328 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! part of zygote [Term] id: XAO:0000227 name: eye primordium def: "First trace of the future visual apparatus. The eye primordia forming antero-lateral evaginations of the closing neural tube are originally massive formations into which only a slit-shaped extension of the neural groove penetrates at NF stage 18. At NF stage 19 they clearly segregate from the anterior portion of the neural tube." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "eye anlage" RELATED [] synonym: "eye" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011038 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000045 ! develops from pre-chordal neural plate relationship: end_stage XAO:1000037 ! ends during NF stage 21 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! starts during NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000228 name: optic vesicle def: "The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup. Portion of tissue that is comprised of neuroepitheium which has pinched off from the anterior neural keel and will form the optic cup." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "eye vesicle" RELATED [] synonym: "optic cup" RELATED [] synonym: "eye" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011039 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000227 ! develops from eye primordium relationship: part_of XAO:0003198 ! part of visual system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! starts during NF stage 21 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000047 ! ends during NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000229 name: fasciculated network of fibrils synonym: "coelomic envelope" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0010303 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! part of oocyte [Term] id: XAO:0000230 name: follicle cell def: "Cell type that forms a layer within an ovarian follicle that surrounds the oocyte." [OMD:follicle+cell] xref: CL:0000477 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000258 ! part of ovary [Term] id: XAO:0000231 name: follicle layer xref: AAO:0010398 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000258 ! part of ovary relationship: part_of XAO:0000157 ! part of testis [Term] id: XAO:0000232 name: foregut def: "The anterior part of the alimentary system, from the mouth and esophagus to the duodenum at the entrance of the bile duct. Structures of the foregut are: esophagus, stomach, duodenum, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas. The spleen is located in the foregut region, but is not a gut organ." [UBERON:0001041, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0011042 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! starts during NF stage 20 relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000092 ! develops from archenteron [Term] id: XAO:0000233 name: germ plasm def: "A zone found in the cytoplasm of the egg cells which contains determinants that will give rise to the germ cell lineage. As the zygote undergoes mitotic divisions the germ plasm is ultimately restricted to a few cells of the embryo. These germ cells then migrate to the gonads." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010333 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000280 ! part of vegetal hemisphere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! ends during NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000234 name: germinal vesicle def: "The nucelus of the oocyte, it is enclosed in a nuclear envelope and contains neucleoplasm, in which the chromosomes and extranucleoli are embedded. It breaks down as the oocyte matures, being no longer visible by the first meiotic metaphase." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "GV" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010305 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000088 ! starts during oocyte stage VI relationship: end_stage XAO:1000092 ! ends during mature egg relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! part of oocyte [Term] id: XAO:0000235 name: cardiac mesoderm def: "Two migratory heart primordia that move ventrally during the course of neurulation, and whose fusion begins at the ventral midline at NF stage 16." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "heart" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011021 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! develops from mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000236 name: duodenum def: "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)." [ISBN:0815318960] xref: AAO:0010402 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000130 ! part of small intestine [Term] id: XAO:0000237 name: ileum def: "The final section of the small intestine." [UBERON:0002116] xref: AAO:0010403 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000130 ! part of small intestine [Term] id: XAO:0000238 name: rectum xref: AAO:0010401 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000131 ! part of large intestine [Term] id: XAO:0000239 name: hepato-pancreatic duct def: "The pancreatic duct and common bile duct enter the descending duodenum, commonly known together as the hepatopancreatic duct." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: part_of XAO:0000132 ! part of liver and biliary system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! develops from liver diverticulum [Term] id: XAO:0000240 name: lens placode def: "A thickened portion of ectoderm which serves as the precursor to the lens." [UBERON:0003073] synonym: "lens" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011055 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000048 ! ends during NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! starts during NF stage 27 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! develops from sensorial layer [Term] id: XAO:0000241 name: posterior cardinal vein def: "The posterior cardinal vein returns blood from the trunk and drains into the duct of Cuvier via the pronephric sinus." [PMID:12606281] xref: AAO:0011081 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000052 ! develops from cardinal vein [Term] id: XAO:0000242 name: mesonephric duct synonym: "Wolffian duct" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000546 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! part of urogenital system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000063 ! develops from pronephric duct [Term] id: XAO:0000243 name: colon def: "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body." [UBERON:0001155] synonym: "hindgut" BROAD [] synonym: "posterior intestine" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010400 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000131 ! part of large intestine [Term] id: XAO:0000244 name: cloaca def: "The posterior opening that serves as the only such opening for the intestinal, reproductive, and urinary tracts." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "vent" RELATED [] synonym: "cloacal chamber" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000095 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000107 ! part of tail bud relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000245 name: mitochondrial aggregate xref: AAO:0010306 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! part of oocyte [Term] id: XAO:0000246 name: myocoelic slit is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000315 ! part of myotome [Term] id: XAO:0000247 name: visceral pouch 2 def: "Second of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] synonym: "second visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011115 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! starts during NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000248 name: neural groove def: "The median dorsal longitudinal groove formed in the embryo by the neural plate after the appearance of the neural folds." [NLM:neural+groove] xref: AAO:0011071 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! part of neural plate [Term] id: XAO:0000249 name: neural plate def: "A region of embryonic ectodermal cells that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape and produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube. At NF stage 11.5 is the first indication of neural plate within the sensorial layer of ectoderm. It extends to near the animal pole by NF stage 12.5 and the entire plate is faintly delimited by NF stage 13." [ISBN:0815318960, OMD:neural+plate] xref: AAO:0011072 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! starts during NF stage 11.5 relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! part of neuroectoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000250 name: posterior neural tube xref: AAO:0011082 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0003204 ! part of neural tube relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! starts during NF stage 20 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000046 ! develops from chordal neural plate [Term] id: XAO:0000251 name: visceral pouch 3 def: "Third of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] synonym: "third visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011116 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! starts during NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0000252 name: neurocoel xref: AAO:0011073 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! part of neuroectoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000253 name: non-involuting marginal zone xref: AAO:0010452 is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! part of ectoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000254 name: visceral pouch 4 def: "Fourth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] synonym: "fourth visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011117 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! starts during NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000255 name: visceral pouch 5 def: "Fifth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] synonym: "fifth visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011118 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch [Term] id: XAO:0000256 name: oocyte def: "The developing female gamete, the differentiation of which is classified into six stages: I (pre-vitellogenic), II (early vitellogenic), III (mid-vitellogenic, formation of pigment), IV (polarization along animal-vegetal axis), V (late vitellogenic), and VI (post-vitellogenic, appearance of equatorial band)." [PMID:4109871] xref: CL:0000023 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000268 ! develops from secondary oogonium [Term] id: XAO:0000257 name: oral evagination is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! starts during NF stage 20 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! develops from foregut [Term] id: XAO:0000258 name: ovary def: "Either of paired female reproductive organs involved in production of ova and female sex hormones." [AAO:0000371] xref: AAO:0000371 is_a: XAO:0003146 ! gonad relationship: part_of XAO:0000156 ! part of female genitalia [Term] id: XAO:0000259 name: paraxial mesoderm def: "Area of mesoderm at either side of the midline embryonic notochord that, on segmentation, forms the paired somites." [OMD:paraxial+mesoderm] xref: AAO:0010568 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! develops from mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! starts during NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000260 name: perivitelline space xref: AAO:0010329 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! part of zygote [Term] id: XAO:0000261 name: pigment layer xref: AAO:0010350 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000228 ! part of optic vesicle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! starts during NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000262 name: polar body xref: AAO:0010307 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! part of oocyte [Term] id: XAO:0000263 name: primary oogonium synonym: "primary oogonia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010297 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000258 ! part of ovary relationship: develops_from XAO:0003149 ! develops from primordial germ cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! starts during NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0000264 name: pronephric mesenchyme def: "Portion of tissue that consists of the mesenchymal precursor to the pronephric kidney and that begins to separate from the intermediate mesoderm at NF stage 21 and epithelializes by NF stage 30." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "pronephric bulge" RELATED [] synonym: "pronephric anlage" RELATED [] synonym: "pronephric primordium" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011090 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! ends during NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! develops from intermediate mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! starts during NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0000265 name: visceral pouch 6 def: "Sixth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] synonym: "sixth visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011119 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch [Term] id: XAO:0000266 name: retinal layer xref: AAO:0010353 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000228 ! part of optic vesicle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000267 name: hypophyseal primordium is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000032 ! develops from stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium [Term] id: XAO:0000268 name: secondary oogonium synonym: "secondary oogonia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010299 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000263 ! develops from primary oogonium [Term] id: XAO:0000269 name: mouth primordium synonym: "mouth" BROAD [] synonym: "stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000032 ! develops from stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium [Term] id: XAO:0000270 name: sensorial layer of neurectoderm synonym: "deep layer of neurectoderm" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! part of neuroectoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000271 name: somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm def: "Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the future body wall; it underlies the ectoderm." [UBERON:0004871] xref: AAO:0011100 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000311 ! develops from lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000272 name: Jacobson's organ def: "An auxiliary olfactory sense organ involved in the detection of pheromones." [WIKI:Vomeronasal_organ] synonym: "vomeronasal organ" EXACT [] synonym: "organon vomeronasale" EXACT [] synonym: "VNO" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000997 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000273 ! develops from olfactory organ relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! part of olfactory system [Term] id: XAO:0000273 name: olfactory organ xref: AAO:0010180 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000005 ! develops from olfactory placode relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! part of olfactory system [Term] id: XAO:0000274 name: sperm entry point xref: AAO:0010330 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! part of zygote [Term] id: XAO:0000275 name: nasal pit xref: AAO:0011068 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000005 ! develops from olfactory placode relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! starts during NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000276 name: splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm def: "Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the circulatory system and future gut wall; it overlies endoderm." [UBERON:0004872] xref: AAO:0011102 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000311 ! develops from lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000277 name: choana def: "The internal nasal passages, aperture or cavity in the roof of the buccopharynx." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] synonym: "posterior nasal apperture" EXACT [] synonym: "internal nares" RELATED [] synonym: "choanae" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0000093 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000005 ! develops from olfactory placode relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! starts during NF stage 43 relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! part of head [Term] id: XAO:0000278 name: animal part, late involuting def: "When the marginal zone mesoderm undergoes involution, where the marginal zone contacts the vegetal base." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0000074 ! involuting marginal zone [Term] id: XAO:0000279 name: vegetal blastomere def: "Unpigmented, larger blastomere of the vegetal (lower) hemisphere of the cleaving embryo." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "macromere" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010284 is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0000280 ! develops from vegetal hemisphere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000019 ! ends during NF stage 9 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000011 ! starts during NF stage 2 (2-cell) [Term] id: XAO:0000280 name: vegetal hemisphere xref: AAO:0010331 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! part of zygote [Term] id: XAO:0000281 name: vegetal yolk mass xref: AAO:0010334 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000280 ! part of vegetal hemisphere [Term] id: XAO:0000282 name: visceral pouch def: "Pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] synonym: "visceral pouches" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0011113 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! develops from foregut [Term] id: XAO:0000283 name: pupil def: "A hole located in the center of the iris of the eye that allows light to enter the retina." [WIKI:Pupil] xref: AAO:0010351 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! part of eye [Term] id: XAO:0000284 name: epibranchial placode def: "The three distinct placodal areas, which develop from the posterior placodal area, and lie ventral to the otic placode and dorsocaudal to the pharyngeal clefts, and contribute to the sensory ganglia and cranial nerves." [ISBN:0878933840] xref: AAO:0011036 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000187 ! develops from dorsolateral placode region relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! develops from sensorial layer [Term] id: XAO:0000285 name: pronephric nephron def: "The structure that is the basic functional unit of the pronephros." [UBERON:0005309] xref: AAO:0011091 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! part of pronephric kidney relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! ends during NF stage 64 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! starts during NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000286 name: late proximal tubule xref: AAO:0011122 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000285 ! part of pronephric nephron [Term] id: XAO:0000287 name: early distal tubule def: "Portion of the pronephric tubule which is just posterior to the early proximal (straight) tubule." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "distal early tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "pronephric distal early tubule>" EXACT [] synonym: "pronephric early distal tubule" RELATED [] synonym: "intermediate tubule" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011034 is_a: XAO:0004105 ! pronephric tubule [Term] id: XAO:0000288 name: early proximal tubule synonym: "pronephric tubule" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011120 is_a: XAO:0004105 ! pronephric tubule [Term] id: XAO:0000289 name: late distal segment xref: AAO:0011121 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000285 ! part of pronephric nephron [Term] id: XAO:0000290 name: pronephric nephron segment S1 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000291 name: mesonephric mesenchyme xref: AAO:0011062 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! develops from intermediate mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! starts during NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000292 name: mesonephric nephron alt_id: XAO:0000145 def: "The structure that is the basic functional unit of the kidney." [PMID:9268568] synonym: "nephron" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010387 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000141 ! part of mesonephric kidney relationship: develops_from XAO:0000291 ! develops from mesonephric mesenchyme [Term] id: XAO:0000293 name: neural fold is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0004087 ! neural fold [Term] id: XAO:0000294 name: blastocoel def: "A blastocoel forms during embryogenesis when a zygote (a fertilized ovum) divides into many cells through mitosis. The blastocoel is the cavity of the blastula, a closed space which is invaded by early mesenchyme and later obliterated by the enlarging archenteron." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "segmentation cavity" RELATED [] synonym: "blastocyst cavity" RELATED [] synonym: "cleavage cavity" RELATED [] synonym: "blastocele" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010433 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000206 ! develops from blastocoel anlage relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! ends during NF stage 13 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! starts during NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:0000295 name: central endoderm def: "The portion of endoderm between dorsal and ventral blastopore lips, and extending towards to the blastocoel." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "vegetal endodermal core" RELATED [] synonym: "endodermal yolk mass" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! part of endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000026 ! ends during NF stage 16 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! starts during NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000296 name: vegetal subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000297 name: animal def: "In developmental biology, the embryo is divided into two hemispheres: the animal pole or hemisphere and the vegetal pole or hemisphere." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] subset: anatomical_site_slim synonym: "animal hemisphere" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000298 name: dorsal def: "Spatial concept denoting the back or upper surface of the body." [NCIt:Dorsal] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000299 name: ventral def: "Spatial concept denoting the underside or lower surface of the body." [NCIt:Ventral] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000300 name: superficial subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000301 name: deep def: "Spatial concept denoting extension relatively far inward." [NCIt:Deep] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000302 name: dorso-lateral subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000303 name: ventro-lateral subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000304 name: lateral def: "Spatial concept pertaining to being situated at or extending to the side." [NCIt:Lateral] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000305 name: cranial placode def: "A localized ectodermal thickening that develops by apicobasal elongation of cuboidal cells in the inner layer of the ectoderm in the head of the embryos, and is involved in formation of sense organs." [UBERON:0002546] synonym: "cranial placodes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010466 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000037 ! develops from animal cap inner layer relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! part of ectoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! develops from sensorial layer [Term] id: XAO:0000306 name: floor plate def: "Organizing center consisting of a small group of cells located at the ventral midline of the neural tube that influences the development of the nervous system, governing the specification of neuronal cell types and directing axonal trajectories." [GO:0021508, PMID:15738958] synonym: "floorplate" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord floor" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011041 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000047 ! develops from notoplate relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! part of spinal cord [Term] id: XAO:0000307 name: anterior neural tube xref: AAO:0011012 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000045 ! develops from pre-chordal neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! starts during NF stage 20 relationship: part_of XAO:0003204 ! part of neural tube [Term] id: XAO:0000309 name: marginal zone (sensu neural) subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region [Term] id: XAO:0000310 name: anterior neural fold def: "The anterior U-shaped portion of the neural folds, the two longitudinal dorsal ridges, caused by a folding up of the ectoderm, that make their appearance on either side of the middle line of the early neural embryo." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! starts during NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0004087 ! part of neural fold relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! ends during NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000045 ! part of pre-chordal neural plate [Term] id: XAO:0000311 name: lateral plate mesoderm def: "Portion of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo that resides on the periphery of the embryo, splits into two layers enclosing the intra-embryonic coelom, and gives rise to body wall structures." [UBERON:0003081] xref: AAO:0010574 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! develops from mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000313 name: head somite def: "Any of the transient, degenerating occipital somites." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "occipital somite" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial somite" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000058 ! somite relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! starts during NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0000314 name: trunk somite xref: AAO:0010385 is_a: XAO:0000058 ! somite relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! part of trunk [Term] id: XAO:0000315 name: myotome def: "Somitic compartment that is a precursor of muscle." [PMID:17313522] synonym: "myotomes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0011067 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000058 ! part of somite [Term] id: XAO:0000316 name: epicardium def: "The inner layer of the pericardium that is in contact with the surface of the heart." [AAO:0010409] synonym: "heart epicardium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010409 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000336 ! develops from fused heart primordium relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart [Term] id: XAO:0000318 name: glomus def: "The filtration unit of the pronephric kidney. A glomus is a glomerulus that spans more than one body segment. It is the vascularized filter of the pronephric kidney. Blood is filtered through the glomus and the filtrate deposited into the coelom early in development, or the nephrocoel later in development. The Xenopus glomus contains podocytes with well developed foot processes that are anatomically indistinguishable from the podocytes of adult glomeruli. The two glomera are linked via a narrow bridge called the glomeral nexus." [PMID:9268568, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] comment: Properly called a glomus as it extends over multiple body segments. synonym: "glomerulus" RELATED [] synonym: "corpuscle" RELATED [] synonym: "glomera" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0011049 is_a: XAO:0000146 ! glomerulus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! starts during NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! part of pronephric kidney relationship: develops_from XAO:0000110 ! develops from glomeral mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! ends during NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0000319 name: trunk neural crest def: "Trunk portion of the neural crest. The anterior and middle regions of the neural crest segregate at NF stage 16, while the posterior portion forms at NF stage 17. The neural crest of the trunk region that give rise to peripheral ganglia, and are migratory." [ISBN:0815318960, ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "trunk crest" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010582 is_a: XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000026 ! starts during NF stage 16 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000046 ! ends during NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000320 name: sensorial layer def: "The inner layer of ectoderm." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! develops from ectoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000323 name: profundus ganglion synonym: "cranial ganglion" RELATED [] synonym: "profundus ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0004093 ! develops from profundal placode [Term] id: XAO:0000324 name: hypobranchial placode def: "Derivative of ectodermal thickening ventral to second and third pharyngeal pouches. Gives rise to neurons of unknown fate." [PMID:12712315] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000187 ! develops from dorsolateral placode region [Term] id: XAO:0000326 name: left spleen primordium def: "Primordium of the spleen, which goes on to form the spleen proper, while the right splenic promordium degenerates." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "spleen" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000276 ! develops from splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000327 name: right spleen primordium def: "Transient splenic primordia that degenerates by NF stage 40." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "spleen" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000276 ! develops from splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000328 name: spleen def: "Internal lymphoid organ derived from left spleen primordia beginning at NF stage 48." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010395 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000326 ! develops from left spleen primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! starts during NF stage 48 relationship: part_of XAO:0003034 ! part of viscus relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! part of immune system [Term] id: XAO:0000329 name: coelomic epithelium def: "The epithelial lining of the coelom." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000271 ! develops from somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000276 ! develops from splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000330 name: Mullerian duct def: "Transient developmental organ which gives rise to oviducts in female (documented to persist in some male frogs)." [AAO:0010141] xref: AAO:0010141 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! develops from intermediate mesoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! part of urogenital system [Term] id: XAO:0000331 name: mesonephric early proximal tubule def: "Structure that is equivalent to the convoluted proximal tubule of metanephric nephrons." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010392 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000292 ! develops from mesonephric nephron relationship: part_of XAO:0000148 ! part of mesonephric tubule [Term] id: XAO:0000332 name: mesonephric late proximal tubule def: "Structure that is the mesonephros nephron's equivalent to the straight proximal segment of a metanephric nephron." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "proximal straight segment" RELATED [] synonym: "opisthonephros" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010394 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000292 ! develops from mesonephric nephron relationship: part_of XAO:0000148 ! part of mesonephric tubule [Term] id: XAO:0000333 name: mesonephric early distal tubule def: "The mesonephric equivalent of the ascending limb, or straight distal segment, of metanephric nephrons." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "straight distal segment" RELATED [] synonym: "ascending limb" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010391 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000292 ! develops from mesonephric nephron relationship: part_of XAO:0000148 ! part of mesonephric tubule [Term] id: XAO:0000334 name: mesonephric late distal segment def: "The site of bicarbonate resorption in the adult kidney. It is equivalent to the convoluted distal segment of metanephric nephrons." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010393 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000292 ! develops from mesonephric nephron relationship: part_of XAO:0000148 ! part of mesonephric tubule [Term] id: XAO:0000336 name: fused heart primordium def: "The fused aspects of ventral mesoderm, which have migrated from either side of the prechordal plate, and fused ventrally, just behind the cement gland. They will give rise to the endocardium at NF stage 27&28." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "heart primordia" RELATED [] synonym: "heart primordium" RELATED [] synonym: "heart" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011044 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! starts during NF stage 19 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000042 ! ends during NF stage 26 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000235 ! develops from cardiac mesoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! part of cardiovascular system [Term] id: XAO:0000337 name: endocardial tube synonym: "heart tube" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010411 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000066 ! develops from endocardium relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart [Term] id: XAO:0000338 name: ventral aorta def: "The outlet of the embryonic heart; lies in the floor of the pharynx and conducts blood from the bulbus arteriosis to the aortic arches(1-6)." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] xref: AAO:0010412 is_a: XAO:0003010 ! aorta relationship: develops_from XAO:0000337 ! develops from endocardial tube [Term] id: XAO:0000339 name: left channel of ventral aorta xref: AAO:0010413 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000338 ! develops from ventral aorta [Term] id: XAO:0000340 name: right channel of ventral aorta xref: AAO:0010424 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000338 ! develops from ventral aorta [Term] id: XAO:0000341 name: aortic arch def: "One of a series of six paired embryological vascular structures which give rise to several major arteries." [UBERON:0004363] synonym: "aortic arches" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010414 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000339 ! develops from left channel of ventral aorta relationship: develops_from XAO:0000340 ! develops from right channel of ventral aorta [Term] id: XAO:0000342 name: aortic arch 1 def: "The anterior member of a series of six paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 1 that is part of mandibular arch." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "first aortic arch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010415 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! starts during NF stage 31 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! ends during NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0000343 name: aortic arch 2 def: "The second in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 2 that is part of hyoid arch." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] synonym: "second aortic arch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010418 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! starts during NF stage 31 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! ends during NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0000344 name: aortic arch 3 def: "The third in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 3 lies within the 3rd branchial arch and branches directly from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta, and are retained as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills in the adult." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] synonym: "third aortic arch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010419 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! starts during NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000345 name: external carotid artery def: "The artery which arises from aortic arch 1 at NF stage 45 and delivers blood to the filter apparatus. It is visible as a bilateral pair of vessels on the ventral surface of the head, running between the heart and the tip of the jaw." [PMID:12606281] xref: AAO:0010416 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! starts during NF stage 45 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000342 ! develops from aortic arch 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000349 name: larval aorta def: "The aorta of a postembryonic, hatched or immature tadpole, prior to metamorphosis." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010423 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! develops from dorsal aorta relationship: develops_from XAO:0000344 ! develops from aortic arch 3 [Term] id: XAO:0000351 name: secondary vessel is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000352 name: aortic arch 5 def: "The fifth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 5 artery is paired and has a common trunk with aortic arch 6 from the ventral aorta, and drains via a separate branch of the lateral dorsal aorta. Aortic arches 5 and 6 supply the trunk and tail with oxygenated blood." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] synonym: "fifth aortic arch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010421 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000353 name: aortic arch 6 def: "The sixth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 6 artery is paired and has a common trunk with aortic arch 5 from the ventral aorta, and drains via a separate branch of the lateral dorsal aorta. It forms part of the pulmonary arteries, and in the later embryo, the ductus arteriosis. Aortic arches 5 and 6 together supply the trunk and tail with oxygenated blood." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] synonym: "sixth aortic arch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010422 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! ends during NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000354 name: posterior palatine artery def: "One of three branches of the internal carotid artery, the palatine artery supplies the mouth region." [PMID:12606281] xref: AAO:0010417 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! starts during NF stage 41 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000342 ! develops from aortic arch 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000355 name: aortic arch 4 def: "The forth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae, lies within the 4th branchial arch. The paired aortic arch 4 arteries branch directly from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta, and are retained as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills in the adult." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] synonym: "fourth aortic arch" EXACT [] synonym: "systemic arch" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010420 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000356 name: vascular endothelium synonym: "vascular endothelia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0004638 is_a: XAO:0004010 ! simple squamous epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! develops from intermediate mesoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! part of cardiovascular system [Term] id: XAO:0000357 name: arterial endothelium def: "The endothelium is the thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "endothelium of artery" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011013 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000356 ! develops from vascular endothelium relationship: part_of XAO:0000114 ! part of artery [Term] id: XAO:0000358 name: venous endothelium xref: AAO:0011110 is_a: XAO:0004010 ! simple squamous epithelium relationship: part_of XAO:0000115 ! part of vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000356 ! develops from vascular endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000361 name: arteria iliaca communis def: "The blood vessel that bifurcates from the aorta, and supplies the adbominal and pelvic regions." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] synonym: "common iliac artery" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001191 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! develops from dorsal aorta [Term] id: XAO:0000362 name: coeliaco-mesenteric artery def: "Artery consisting of many branches which supply blood to various organs in the viscus. One of the major blood vessels, branching off the dorsal aorta and supplying the embryonic foregut organs- liver, stomach, intestine, spleen and pancreas." [AAO:0010499, ISBN:0-07-017977-8] xref: AAO:0010499 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! develops from dorsal aorta [Term] id: XAO:0000363 name: occipitovertebral artery is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! develops from dorsal aorta [Term] id: XAO:0000364 name: caudal artery def: "The posterior extension of the dorsal aorta to the tail region, which degenerates at metamorphosis." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] synonym: "CA" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011023 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! develops from dorsal aorta [Term] id: XAO:0000365 name: arteria subclavia def: "The artery that branches from the either side of the dorsal aorta and delivers blood to the musculature of the shoulder region." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] synonym: "subclavian artery" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001533 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000363 ! develops from occipitovertebral artery [Term] id: XAO:0000366 name: internal carotid artery def: "One of the major arteries of the head, it is the as the cranial continuation of the aortic arches and the dorsal aorta. It curves ventrally before resuming a dorsal course as it enters the head proper, and it lies ventral to the internal jugular vein. The internal carotid artery gives off palatine, ophthalmic, and cerebral branches by stage NF stage 41." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "ICA" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011054 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! develops from dorsal aorta relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0000367 name: cerebral artery def: "The anterior continuation of the internal carotid artery, which gives off nasociliary artery anterior to the eye." [PMID:12606281] xref: AAO:0010493 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! starts during NF stage 41 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000366 ! develops from internal carotid artery [Term] id: XAO:0000368 name: ophthalmic artery def: "A branch of the internal carotid artery that delivers blood to the eye. Together with the opthalmic vein, form a double ring encircling the eye and retina. It enters the eye obliquely by crossing over the ophthalmic vein and the internal jugular vein." [PMID:12606281] xref: AAO:0010497 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: part_of XAO:0000366 ! part of internal carotid artery relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! part of circulatory system [Term] id: XAO:0000369 name: anterior palatine artery def: "One of three branches of the internal carotid artery, the palatine artery supplies the mouth region." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! starts during NF stage 41 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000366 ! develops from internal carotid artery [Term] id: XAO:0000370 name: arteria mesenterica posterior def: "The artery that supplies the network of blood vessels (the mesentry) to the large intestine." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] synonym: "posterior mesenteric artery" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005616 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000361 ! develops from arteria iliaca communis [Term] id: XAO:0000371 name: right lymph heart def: "Lymph hearts are pulsatile organs, present in lower vertebrates, that function to propel lymph into the venous system. Two bilaterally symmetrical lymph hearts can be seen adjacent to the somites 3 and 4 by NF stage 40, and can be seen beating by NF stage 43." [PMID:12606281, PMID:20067786] is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! starts during NF stage 32 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium relationship: part_of XAO:0003199 ! part of lymphatic system [Term] id: XAO:0000372 name: left lymph heart def: "Lymph hearts are pulsatile organs, present in lower vertebrates, that function to propel lymph into the venous system. Two bilaterally symmetrical lymph hearts can be seen adjacent to the somites 3 and 4 by NF stage 40, and can be seen beating by NF stage 43." [PMID:12606281, PMID:20067786] is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium relationship: part_of XAO:0003199 ! part of lymphatic system [Term] id: XAO:0000373 name: duct of Cuvier def: "Bilaterally paired longitudinal vein; the anterior cardinal returns blood from the head, and the posterior cardinal returns it from the trunk; these two vessels join together on each side as the common cardinal vein, also known as the duct of Cuvier that leads to the heart's sinus venosus." [ZFA:0000186] synonym: "common cardinal vein" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011033 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000374 name: dorsal lymph space synonym: "dorsal lymph space" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of XAO:0003199 ! part of lymphatic system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000371 ! develops from right lymph heart [Term] id: XAO:0000375 name: lymph vessel def: "A vessel that contains or conveys lymph." [AAO:0011005] synonym: "lymphatic vessel" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011005 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000374 ! develops from dorsal lymph space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000372 ! develops from left lymph heart relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! part of circulatory system relationship: part_of XAO:0003199 ! part of lymphatic system [Term] id: XAO:0000376 name: omphalomesenteric vein is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000377 name: capillary system of liver def: "The smallest of the blood vessels, parts of the microcirculation, of the liver." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "liver capillary" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010404 is_a: XAO:0000116 ! capillary relationship: develops_from XAO:0000376 ! develops from omphalomesenteric vein relationship: part_of XAO:0000133 ! part of liver [Term] id: XAO:0000378 name: musculoabdominal vein def: "Ventrolateral component of the external jugular vein." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000379 name: external jugular vein def: "One of the bilateral pairs of vessels are clearly seen on the ventral surface of the head, running between the heart and the tip of the jaw, and drains the filter apparatus. This vein is more developed by NF stage 45, when it crosses the head dorsolaterally to drain into the Duct of Cuvier and pronephric sinus." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "external jugular" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010508 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000380 name: lateral postcardinal vein is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000381 name: mesonephric sinus xref: AAO:0011063 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000380 ! develops from lateral postcardinal vein relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! part of urogenital system [Term] id: XAO:0000382 name: internal jugular vein def: "The main dorsal head vein, it drains into the Duct of Cuvier, and collects blood from the dorsal jaw region, cerebral veins, the ophthalmic vein and the short pharyngeal vein. It forms loop around the olfactory bulb by NF stage 43." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! starts during NF stage 43 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000383 name: anterior cardinal vein def: "The anterior cardinal vein returns blood from the dorsal head and drains into the duct of Cuvier via the pronephric sinus." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "ACV" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011011 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000052 ! develops from cardinal vein [Term] id: XAO:0000384 name: medial cardinal vein is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000052 ! develops from cardinal vein [Term] id: XAO:0000385 name: pronephric sinus def: "The pronephric sinsus drains into the heart via the Duct of Cuvier at stage 33&34. It is a system of vessels that initially swell from where the anterior and posterior cardinal veins meet before draining into the Duct of Cuvier ( the common cardinal vein), and then continue to narrow and fold into an characteristic 'S-shape' by NF stage 37&38. It continues to loop on itself, at first a loose, then a dense knot of many vessels by NF stage 45." [PMID:12606281] xref: AAO:0011092 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000373 ! develops from duct of Cuvier relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! starts during NF stage 31 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000383 ! develops from anterior cardinal vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000384 ! develops from medial cardinal vein relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! part of pronephric kidney [Term] id: XAO:0000386 name: interrenal vein is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000384 ! develops from medial cardinal vein [Term] id: XAO:0000387 name: hepatic vein def: "Vein that carries blood away from the liver." [ZFA:0000670] xref: AAO:0010216 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000388 name: posterior vena cava xref: AAO:0011083 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000387 ! develops from hepatic vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000386 ! develops from interrenal vein [Term] id: XAO:0000389 name: gastric vein def: "One of the veins of the alimentary system. The subintestinal vein is on the right side of the gut and drains the gastric vein on its right side by NF stage 43. The gastric veins carry blood low in oxygen from the surface of the stomach, draining into the left omphalomesenteric vein." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4, PMID:12606281] xref: AAO:0011046 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! starts during NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000390 name: caudal vein def: "Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterior cardinal vein in the posterior trunk." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "CV" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011025 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000386 ! develops from interrenal vein [Term] id: XAO:0000391 name: subinterstitial vein is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000392 name: portal vein is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000393 name: tail vein xref: AAO:0011105 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000394 name: pulmonary vein def: "Any of the veins which collect blood from the lungs and some small vesicles received from the esophagus." [AAO:0010521] xref: AAO:0010521 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000395 name: medial abdominal vein is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium [Term] id: XAO:0000396 name: head somite 1 def: "Transient occipital somite that exists from NF stages 17 to 26 only." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "somite W" RELATED [PMID:2769206] is_a: XAO:0000313 ! head somite relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! starts during NF stage 17 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000042 ! ends during NF stage 26 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000397 name: sclerotome def: "Somitic compartment that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "sclerotomes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010571 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000058 ! part of somite [Term] id: XAO:0000399 name: tendon fibroblast is_a: XAO:0003017 ! fibroblast relationship: develops_from XAO:0000397 ! develops from sclerotome [Term] id: XAO:0000401 name: sclerotomal cartilage is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000397 ! develops from sclerotome [Term] id: XAO:0000403 name: head somite 2 def: "Transient occipital somite that exists from NF stages 18 to 29 only." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "somite X" RELATED [PMID:2769206] is_a: XAO:0000313 ! head somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! ends during NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! starts during NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000404 name: head somite 3 def: "Transient occipital somite that exists from NF stages 18 to 29/30 only." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "somite Y" RELATED [PMID:2769206] is_a: XAO:0000313 ! head somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! ends during NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! starts during NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000405 name: head somite 4 def: "Transient occipital somite that exists from NF stages 19 to late 30's." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "somite Z" RELATED [PMID:2769206] is_a: XAO:0000313 ! head somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! starts during NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000406 name: trunk somite 1 def: "Trunk somite that is initially the 5th somite, first forming around NF stage 19 and becoming more anteriorly positioned as the head somites degenerate. It is the most anterior somite by NF stage 45 and is adjacent to the otic vesicle." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "fifth somite" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! starts during NF stage 19 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000407 name: trunk somite 2 def: "Trunk somite that is initially the sixth somite." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! starts during NF stage 19 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000408 name: trunk somite 3 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! starts during NF stage 20 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000409 name: trunk somite 4 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000410 name: trunk somite 5 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000411 name: trunk somite 6 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000412 name: trunk somite 7 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000414 name: sclerotomal mesenchyme is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000397 ! develops from sclerotome [Term] id: XAO:0000415 name: notochordal sheath is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000055 ! part of notochord relationship: develops_from XAO:0000414 ! develops from sclerotomal mesenchyme [Term] id: XAO:0000416 name: trunk somite 8 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000417 name: trunk somite 9 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000418 name: trunk somite 10 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000419 name: trunk somite 11 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000420 name: trunk somite 12 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000421 name: trunk somite 13 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000422 name: trunk somite 14 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0000423 name: trunk somite 15 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! starts during NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000424 name: trunk somite 16 def: "Trunk somite that forms at NF stage 28, by which time head somite 1 has degenerated." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000425 name: trunk somite 17 is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! develops from presomitic mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000426 name: cranial nerve I def: "Cranial nerve that supplies the nasal organ." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "olfactory nerve" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000249 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! part of olfactory system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000005 ! develops from olfactory placode relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! starts during NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000427 name: gasserian ganglion synonym: "gasserian ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0011045 is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0000225 ! develops from trigeminal placode [Term] id: XAO:0000428 name: trigeminal ganglion synonym: "trigeminus ganglion" RELATED [] synonym: "trigeminal ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0011107 is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0000225 ! develops from trigeminal placode [Term] id: XAO:0000429 name: cephalic nerve def: "Any of the major nerves of the head or cephalic region. Twelve pairs of cranial nerves exit/enter the cranium through openings in the skull. The nerves contain efferent axons with motor and glandular functions, as well as afferent axons from cranial ganglia with sensory functions. The nerves are numbered in a rostral to caudal sequence, with the exception of the lateral line nerves." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "cranial nerve" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0000108 is_a: XAO:0003089 ! cranial nerve [Term] id: XAO:0000430 name: Rathke's pouch def: "A depression in the roof of the developing mouth in front of the buccopharyngeal membrane. It gives rise to the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis), a part of the endocrine system." [UBERON:0005356] xref: AAO:0011094 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000269 ! develops from mouth primordium [Term] id: XAO:0000431 name: tooth synonym: "dentition" BROAD [] synonym: "teeth" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! part of cranium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000269 ! develops from mouth primordium [Term] id: XAO:0000437 name: death namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The end of the animal's life." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage [Term] id: XAO:0000439 name: filter chamber def: "Xenopus tadpoles are suspension feeders, and the filter apparatus enables them to trap food particles. In Xenopus the palatoquadrate, ceratohyal and the connecting muscles are responsible for the irrigation and ventilation of the filter apparatus." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "coelomic filter chamber" RELATED [] synonym: "coelom" RELATED [] synonym: "peribranchial chamber" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000311 ! part of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000440 name: lateral line placode def: "Thickened placodal areas located anterior and posterior to the otic vesicle. In Xenopus, there are 5 distinct lateral line placodes, each gives rise to a single lateral line nerve that will innervate lateral line hair cells and convey information on motion to the adjacent hindbrain." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "lateral line placodes" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "lateral line" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000305 ! develops from cranial placode [Term] id: XAO:0000441 name: infraorbital lateral line primordium is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000440 ! develops from lateral line placode relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000442 name: supraorbital lateral line xref: AAO:0011103 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! part of lateral line system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000440 ! develops from lateral line placode relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000443 name: trunk lateral line is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! part of lateral line system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000440 ! develops from lateral line placode [Term] id: XAO:0000444 name: thyroid primordium synonym: "thyroid" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011106 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000105 ! develops from pharyngeal cavity relationship: end_stage XAO:1000061 ! ends during NF stage 49 [Term] id: XAO:0000445 name: taste bud def: "The organ used for chemoreception." [AAO:0010573] xref: AAO:0010573 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003197 ! part of gustatory system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000446 ! develops from tongue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000063 ! starts during NF stage 51 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000105 ! develops from pharyngeal cavity [Term] id: XAO:0000446 name: tongue def: "The movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth." [UBERON:0001723] xref: AAO:0010360 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000097 ! develops from mandibular arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! part of head [Term] id: XAO:0000447 name: branchial arch 1 def: "The most anterior, or first, pharygeal/branchial arch, composed of the mandibular process, forming the posterior border of the stomodeum, and the maxillary process anterior to the stomodeum, contains the first aortic arch." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] synonym: "third visceral arch" RELATED [] synonym: "first branchial arch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010365 is_a: XAO:0000099 ! branchial arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! starts during NF stage 27 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000251 ! develops from visceral pouch 3 [Term] id: XAO:0000448 name: gill primordium def: "A swelling from the 3rd visceral arch at NF stage 35&36, which co-occurs with a depression between the 3rd and 6th, forming the external gills by NF stage 39." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "external gill anlage" RELATED [] synonym: "gill" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000449 ! develops from branchial arch 2 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000447 ! develops from branchial arch 1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! ends during NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0000449 name: branchial arch 2 def: "The second pharyngeal/branchial arch; arises as a thickening of the pharygeal wall between the first and second branchial clefts; contains the second aortic arch; forms part of the hyoid bone, tongue and facial musculature." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] synonym: "second branchial arch" EXACT [] synonym: "fourth visceral arch" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010366 is_a: XAO:0000099 ! branchial arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! starts during NF stage 32 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000254 ! develops from visceral pouch 4 [Term] id: XAO:0000450 name: epithelial body is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000447 ! develops from branchial arch 1 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000247 ! develops from visceral pouch 2 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! starts during NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000451 name: branchial arch 3 def: "The third in a series of paired bars in the wall of the pharynx, within which are formed the third aortic arch and the cartilage bar of the visceral skeleton, forms and supports the gills." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] synonym: "fifth visceral arch" RELATED [] synonym: "third branchial arch" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010367 is_a: XAO:0000099 ! branchial arch relationship: develops_from XAO:0000255 ! develops from visceral pouch 5 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000452 name: ultimobranchial body def: "Anatomical structure which includes small, calcitonin producing glands originating as epithelial growths from the sixth pharyngeal pouch." [AAO:0010547] xref: AAO:0010547 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000453 ! develops from branchial arch 4 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system [Term] id: XAO:0000453 name: branchial arch 4 def: "The forth in a series of paired bars in the wall of the pharynx, within which are formed the forth aortic arch and the cartilage bar of the visceral skeleton, forms and supports the gills." [ISBN:0-02-377110-0] synonym: "fourth branchial arch" EXACT [] synonym: "sixth visceral arch" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010368 is_a: XAO:0000099 ! branchial arch relationship: develops_from XAO:0000265 ! develops from visceral pouch 6 [Term] id: XAO:0000454 name: liver parenchyme def: "The functional units of the liver including the lobules." [UBERON:0001280] xref: AAO:0010405 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! develops from liver diverticulum relationship: part_of XAO:0000133 ! part of liver [Term] id: XAO:0000455 name: biliary tree def: "Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which consist of the bile ducts." [UBERON:0001173] synonym: "biliary tract" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011020 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! develops from liver diverticulum relationship: part_of XAO:0000132 ! part of liver and biliary system [Term] id: XAO:0000457 name: pyloric sphincter def: "Sphincter muscle that is part of the pyloric region of the stomach." [UBERON:0001202] xref: AAO:0011093 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000128 ! develops from stomach relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0000458 name: occipital lateral line xref: AAO:0011075 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! part of lateral line system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000440 ! develops from lateral line placode [Term] id: XAO:0000459 name: infraorbital lateral line xref: AAO:0011053 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! part of lateral line system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000441 ! develops from infraorbital lateral line primordium [Term] id: XAO:0000460 name: hyomandibular lateral line is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! starts during NF stage 43 relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! part of lateral line system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000441 ! develops from infraorbital lateral line primordium [Term] id: XAO:0000461 name: trunk placode is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! develops from sensorial layer [Term] id: XAO:0000462 name: dorsal lateral line def: "The dorsal most of the sensory system on the surface of the tadpole consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the tadpole through the water, as well as facilitating schooling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0011030 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! part of lateral line system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000461 ! develops from trunk placode [Term] id: XAO:0000463 name: middle lateral line xref: ZFA:0000344 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! part of lateral line system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000461 ! develops from trunk placode [Term] id: XAO:0000464 name: ventral lateral line is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! part of lateral line system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000461 ! develops from trunk placode relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000465 name: caudal lateral line def: "Cranial nerve of the caudal lateral line enters the brain between cranial nerves VIII and IX; contains afferents and sensory efferents to the posterior lateral line ganglion and middle ganglion. Fibers from the posterior lateral line ganglion innervate the occipital dorsal lateral line and trunk lateral lines." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0011024 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: develops_from XAO:0000464 ! develops from ventral lateral line relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! part of lateral line system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! starts during NF stage 44 [Term] id: XAO:0000467 name: dorsal pancreatic bud def: "The pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "primary pancreatic bud" EXACT [] synonym: "pancreas" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011031 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000103 ! develops from midgut relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! ends during NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000469 name: dorsal tail fin xref: AAO:0010203 is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: develops_from XAO:0000319 ! develops from trunk neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! starts during NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000470 name: unicellular gland def: "Any of the large number of glands of the larval skin, particularly common in the fins and adjacent skin of the trunk; also formed in the former frontal gland area on the upper jaw." [ISBN:0815318960] xref: AAO:0010377 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! develops from sensorial layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000062 ! starts during NF stage 50 [Term] id: XAO:0000471 name: xanthophore def: "Thin membrane enclosing and immediately adjacent to the ovum. Produced in the ovary. A type of colored melanophore (mobile pigment cells of the dermis & epidermis) that contain fat-soluble carotenoids (obtained from the diet) and pteridines (synthesised from the cell) which are stored in pterinosomes. Their color depends on the pattern of carotenoids and pteridines. Xanthophores are rarely found in pre-metamorphic larvae." [CL:0000430, ISBN:0-226-55763-4] xref: CL:0000430 is_a: XAO:0003014 ! pigment cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! starts during NF stage 46 relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! part of skin [Term] id: XAO:0000472 name: iridophore def: "A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. The cell contains flat light-reflecting platelets, probably of guanine, in stacks called reflecting platets or iridisomes. The color-generating components produce a silver, gold, or iridescent color." [AAO:0010318] synonym: "guanophore" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000431 is_a: XAO:0003014 ! pigment cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000071 ! starts during NF stage 59 [Term] id: XAO:0000474 name: choroid fissure def: "A break in the continuity of the optic cup where the two sides of the cup meet." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "optic fissure" RELATED [] synonym: "ventral choroidal fissure" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011026 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000058 ! ends during NF stage 46 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! starts during NF stage 32 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000228 ! develops from optic vesicle [Term] id: XAO:0000475 name: optic stalk def: "Neural tissue comprising the proximal part of either of the optic vesicles as they project towards the sides of the head; it remains narrow and constitutes the optic stalk (the peripheral part of each expands to form a hollow bulb)." [UBERON:0003098, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0011077 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! starts during NF stage 31 relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! part of diencephalon relationship: develops_from XAO:0000228 ! develops from optic vesicle [Term] id: XAO:0001001 name: cranial neural crest def: "The most anterior of 5 distinct and partially overlapping functional domains of the premigratory neural crest. CNC cells migrate in four highly conserved streams: mandibular crest, hyoid crest and the anterior and posterior branchial crest." [ZFA:0001194] synonym: "head crest" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010580 is_a: XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000046 ! ends during NF stage 31 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! starts during NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0001002 name: lung primordium def: "A pair of lateral diverticula just over the liver rudiment representing the primordia of the lungs, formed by the floor of the foregut just anterior to the liver diverticulum." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "lung" BROAD [] synonym: "lateral diverticula" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011059 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! develops from foregut relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! part of respiratory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! starts during NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0001010 name: circulatory system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the blood and lymph vessels." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "vascular system" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000959 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0001011 name: blood vessel def: "Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body." [BTO:0001102] synonym: "vasculature" RELATED [] synonym: "blood vessels" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0011004 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! part of circulatory system relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! part of cardiovascular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! starts during NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0001012 name: Stirnorgan synonym: "frontal organ" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000160 ! develops from pineal gland relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! starts during NF stage 42 relationship: part_of XAO:0003198 ! part of visual system [Term] id: XAO:0001013 name: musculature of face def: "The facial muscles are a group of striated muscles innervated by the facial nerves." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "facial muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "facial muscles" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0004473 is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0001014 name: melanophore def: "A pigment cell that contains melanin, a brownish-black pigment." [NLM:melanophore] synonym: "melanocyte" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000148 is_a: XAO:0003014 ! pigment cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0001015 name: rectal diverticulum def: "An outgrowth of the cloaca that links the pronephric kidney to the exterior." [UBERON:0006172] synonym: "rectal diverticula" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0006172 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! part of pronephric kidney relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! starts during NF stage 32 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000244 ! develops from cloaca [Term] id: XAO:0001016 name: abdominal myoblast def: "The myoblast that forms the muscles of the anterior abdominal walls." [AAO:0010314] synonym: "abdominal musculature" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010314 is_a: XAO:0003015 ! myoblast relationship: part_of XAO:0000315 ! part of myotome relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! part of mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! starts during NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0001017 name: connective tissue def: "Portion of tissue that consists of mesodermally derived cells and intercellular matrix comprised of protein fibers and carbohydrates, which supports, ensheathes and binds together other tissues." [ZFA:0001632] synonym: "portion of connective tissue" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000017 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue [Term] id: XAO:0001018 name: anterior lymph sac def: "The protrusion of mesenchymal tissue of the anterior cardinal vein which form lymph sacs." [PMID:17062017] synonym: "rostral lymph sac" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000071 ! starts during NF stage 59 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! develops from venous endothelium relationship: part_of XAO:0003199 ! part of lymphatic system [Term] id: XAO:0001019 name: proctodeum def: "Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage." [ZFA:0000066] synonym: "anus" RELATED [] synonym: "proctodaeum" EXACT [] synonym: "anus porus" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011087 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! develops from ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! starts during NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0001020 name: elastica externa def: "Notochordal sheath or membrane. Its first indication is at NF stage 24, and it is a distinct membrane by NF stage 28." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "notochordal sheath" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! starts during NF stage 24 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000055 ! develops from notochord relationship: end_stage XAO:1000074 ! ends during NF stage 62 [Term] id: XAO:0001021 name: notochordal epithelium is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! starts during NF stage 31 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000055 ! develops from notochord [Term] id: XAO:0001101 name: first pancreatic bud synonym: "pancreas" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011040 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! ends during NF stage 39 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! develops from foregut [Term] id: XAO:0001102 name: second pancreatic bud synonym: "pancreas" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! develops from foregut [Term] id: XAO:0001103 name: ventral pancreatic bud synonym: "pancreas" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011111 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0001101 ! develops from first pancreatic bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! starts during NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0002000 name: pronephric kidney def: "Organ that serves as a transient kidney, providing osmoregulation during early developmental stages and then degenerating during metamorphosis." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "pronephros" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011089 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! starts during NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000264 ! develops from pronephric mesenchyme [Term] id: XAO:0003000 name: anatomical structure def: "Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome." [CARO:0000003] xref: CARO:0000003 is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003001 name: anatomical group def: "Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue." [CARO:0000054] xref: CARO:0000054 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003002 name: anatomical system def: "Anatomical group that has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity." [CARO:0000011] xref: CARO:0000011 is_a: XAO:0003001 ! anatomical group relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! part of whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003003 name: unspecified comment: Annotation of data with this anatomy term indicates that a structure or tissue was not specified by the investigator. is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity [Term] id: XAO:0003004 name: whole organism def: "Anatomical structure that is an individual member of Xenopus laevis." [CARO:0000012] subset: sectional_anatomy_items subset: organism_views synonym: "ubiquitous" BROAD [] xref: CARO:0000012 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003005 name: female organism def: "Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes." [CARO:0000028] xref: CARO:0000028 is_a: XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003006 name: male organism def: "Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes." [CARO:0000027] xref: CARO:0000027 is_a: XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003007 name: anatomical entity in vitro namespace: xenopus_anatomy_in_vitro def: "An experimentally manipulated tissue, or portion of the developing embryo, that can be culture alone, in vitro." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity [Term] id: XAO:0003008 name: activin-induced ectoderm namespace: xenopus_anatomy_in_vitro def: "Ectoderm section that has been dissected from the embryo, and treated with activin, and maintained in vitro." [PMID:14061885] is_a: XAO:0003007 ! anatomical entity in vitro [Term] id: XAO:0003009 name: disaggregated/reaggregated ectoderm treated with activin namespace: xenopus_anatomy_in_vitro is_a: XAO:0003007 ! anatomical entity in vitro [Term] id: XAO:0003010 name: aorta def: "The main artery of the circulatory system which carries oxygenated blood from the heart to all the arteries of the body except those of the lungs." [AAO:0010213] xref: AAO:0010213 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery [Term] id: XAO:0003011 name: primary germ layer def: "A layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation. The types of germ layers are the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm." [BTO:0000556] synonym: "germ layer" RELATED [] synonym: "embryonic germ layer" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000480 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000113 ! part of embryo [Term] id: XAO:0003012 name: cell def: "Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane." [GO:0005623] xref: CARO:0000013 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! part of whole organism [Term] id: XAO:0003013 name: organism subdivision def: "Anatomical structure that is a primary subdivision of the whole organism." [CARO:0000032] synonym: "body part" RELATED [] xref: CARO:0000032 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! part of whole organism relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003014 name: pigment cell def: "Cell type that contains a deposition of coloring matter, the first of which differentiate during late tailbud stage, and that by NF stage 56 has produced a fully differentiated larval pigmentation pattern." [ISBN:0815318960, NLM:pigment+cell] synonym: "chromatophore" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000147 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! part of skin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! starts during NF stage 32 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000319 ! develops from trunk neural crest [Term] id: XAO:0003015 name: myoblast def: "Embryonic (precursor) cell of the myogenic lineage that develops from the mesoderm." [CL:0000056] xref: CL:0000056 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell [Term] id: XAO:0003016 name: blastomere def: "Undifferentiated cell that is produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote)." [CL:0000353] xref: CL:0000353 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000019 ! ends during NF stage 9 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000011 ! starts during NF stage 2 (2-cell) [Term] id: XAO:0003017 name: fibroblast def: "A connective tissue cell that secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules." [CL:0000057] xref: CL:0000057 is_a: XAO:0003255 ! mesodermal cell [Term] id: XAO:0003018 name: primary spermatogonium synonym: "primary spermatogonia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010298 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003149 ! develops from primordial germ cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000157 ! part of testis [Term] id: XAO:0003019 name: spermatocyte def: "The developing male gamete." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: CL:0000017 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003020 ! develops from secondary spermatogonium [Term] id: XAO:0003020 name: secondary spermatogonium synonym: "secondary spermatogonia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0010300 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003018 ! develops from primary spermatogonium [Term] id: XAO:0003021 name: spinal cord neuron is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003022 name: Rohon-Beard neuron def: "Type of neuron that is a primary mechanosensory cell, with peripheral neurites innervating the skin with free nerve endings. It first appears in trunk levels at NF stage 33/34, and at NF stage 35/36 has somas that are the largest in the spinal cord. It forms a nearly continuous double row of cells along the cord's medial dorsal surface and contributes ascending and descending axons to the dorsal tract. It appears well back in the tail by NF stage 39, begins to decline at NF stage 50 and is few in number, with pycnotic nuclei, at NF stage 55." [ISBN:0815318960, PMID:17506218] synonym: "Rohon Beard cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000247 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! ends during NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! part of neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! starts during NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0003023 name: neuron def: "Cell that is the basic unit of nervous tissue, each consisting of a body, an axon, and dendrites, and the purpose of which is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system." [CL:0000540] synonym: "nerve cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000540 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000177 ! part of nervous system [Term] id: XAO:0003024 name: head def: "Organism subdivision that is the part of the body consisting of the cranial and pharyngeal regions." [AAO:0010335] subset: organism_views subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: AAO:0010335 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003025 name: trunk def: "Organism subdivision that is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail." [ZFA:0001115] subset: organism_views xref: AAO:0010339 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003026 name: tail def: "Organism subdivision that is the terminal, flexible posterior appendage of the larva. It is resorbed during metamorphosis beginning with degeneration of the notochord's distal tip at NF stage 61, followed by degeneration gradually extending to its more proximal regions and reaching its proximal end by NF stage 62. By NF stage 66 it exists only as a small dorsal swelling." [ISBN:0471209627, OMD:tail] subset: organism_views xref: AAO:0010338 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of XAO:0000087 ! part of tail region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! ends during NF stage 66 [Term] id: XAO:0003027 name: limb def: "Organism subdivision that has as its parts the jointed appendages used for locomotion and manipulation." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010336 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003028 name: surface structure def: "Organism subdivision that is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface." [ZFA:0000292] xref: AAO:0010337 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003029 name: mouth def: "Cavity in which food is initially ingested and generally contains teeth, tongue and glands." [AAO:0010355] xref: AAO:0010355 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! part of head [Term] id: XAO:0003030 name: forelimb def: "One of the pair of limbs that are situated anteriorly, develop in sacs that separate them from the gill chamber, are well-defined buds by NF stage 48, are innervated by NF stage 51, and are ossified by NF stage 59." [BTO:0001729, ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "anterior limb" EXACT [] synonym: "fore limb" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000205 is_a: XAO:0003027 ! limb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! starts during NF stage 55 relationship: develops_from XAO:0003065 ! develops from forelimb bud [Term] id: XAO:0003031 name: hindlimb def: "One of the pair of limbs that are situated posteriorly, are evident as buds laterally by NF stage 47, and are innervated by NF stage 51." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "posterior limb" EXACT [] synonym: "hind limb" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000219 is_a: XAO:0003027 ! limb relationship: develops_from XAO:0003066 ! develops from hind limb bud [Term] id: XAO:0003032 name: digit def: "One of several most distal parts of a limb." [UBERON:0002544] xref: UBERON:0002544 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: XAO:0003033 name: nostril def: "Surface structure that provides one of the small external openings of the head that give passage to air for breathing." [OMD:nostril] xref: AAO:0010358 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! part of head [Term] id: XAO:0003034 name: viscus def: "An internal organ of the body; especially: one (as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper." [BTO:0001491] synonym: "viscera" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: BTO:0001491 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! part of trunk [Term] id: XAO:0003035 name: hind digit def: "A digit that is one of several most distal parts of a hind limb." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0000888 is_a: XAO:0003032 ! digit relationship: part_of XAO:0003062 ! part of hind limb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! part of hindlimb [Term] id: XAO:0003036 name: fore digit def: "A digit that is one of several most distal parts of a forelimb." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0000857 is_a: XAO:0003032 ! digit relationship: part_of XAO:0003061 ! part of forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0003030 ! part of forelimb [Term] id: XAO:0003037 name: multi-tissue structure def: "Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types." [CARO:0000055] xref: CARO:0000055 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003038 name: simple organ def: "Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ." [CARO:0000021] xref: CARO:0000021 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003039 name: compound organ component def: "Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ." [CARO:0000019] xref: CARO:0000019 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003040 name: portion of tissue def: "Anatomical structure that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships." [CARO:0000043] xref: CARO:0000043 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! part of whole organism [Term] id: XAO:0003041 name: compound organ def: "Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types." [CARO:0000024] xref: CARO:0000024 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! starts during NF stage 21 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003042 name: embryonic structure def: "An anatomical structure that exists only before the organism is fully formed." [BTO:0000174] xref: AAO:0000138 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! part of whole organism [Term] id: XAO:0003043 name: primordium def: "An embryonic structure that is the rudiment or commencement of a part or organ." [UBERON:0001048] synonym: "primordia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0001048 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: XAO:0003044 name: endomesoderm def: "Primary germ layer that can give rise to both mesoderm and endoderm." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "mesendoderm" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010619 is_a: XAO:0003011 ! primary germ layer [Term] id: XAO:0003045 name: epithelium def: "Portion of tissue that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and that is underlain by a basal lamina." [CARO:0000066] xref: CARO:0000066 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue [Term] id: XAO:0003046 name: mesenchyme def: "Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage." [AAO:0010427] xref: AAO:0010427 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue [Term] id: XAO:0003047 name: nerve def: "Portion of tissue that consists of a fasciculated group of axons." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0011070 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue [Term] id: XAO:0003048 name: egg def: "A mature female germ cell that is capable of initiating formation of a new individual by fusion with a male gamete." [NLM:gamete] synonym: "unfertilized egg" RELATED [] synonym: "ovum" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000025 is_a: XAO:0003150 ! gamete relationship: develops_from XAO:0000256 ! develops from oocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000093 ! ends during adult frog [Term] id: XAO:0003049 name: adipose tissue def: "Connective tissue in which fat is stored." [NLM:adipose+tissue] xref: AAO:0000001 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue [Term] id: XAO:0003050 name: fat body def: "Anatomical structure associated with the gonads which vary in form among amphibians but are primarily composed of adipose tissue and are thought to be a source of nutrients for the gonads. A body of adipose tissue, in the form of finger-like projections, usually associated with the anterior end of the testis and ovaries. Fat bodies are suspended from the body wall by dorsal mesentry which is fused with the gonadal mesentry (the mesovarium or mesorchidium)." [AAO:0000157, ISBN:0-07-017977-8] xref: AAO:0000157 is_a: XAO:0003049 ! adipose tissue [Term] id: XAO:0003051 name: dorsal lateral plate region def: "Region located near the pronephros and pronephric ducts that is a site of hematopoiesis in the embryo." [PMID:9618755] synonym: "DLP" EXACT [] synonym: "aorta-gonads-mesonephros region" RELATED [] synonym: "AGM region" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011008 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! starts during NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! part of hematological system relationship: part_of XAO:0000311 ! part of lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: XAO:0003052 name: oviduct xref: AAO:0010533 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: start_stage XAO:1000076 ! starts during NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0000156 ! part of female genitalia [Term] id: XAO:0003053 name: Keller explant namespace: xenopus_anatomy_in_vitro def: "A rectangle of dorsal mesendoderm and ectoderm from an early-gastrula-stage Xenopus laevis embryo. It is approximately 60 deg to 90 deg wide, extending from the bottle cells to the animal pole." [ISBN:9780879695040] is_a: XAO:0003007 ! anatomical entity in vitro [Term] id: XAO:0003054 name: stem cell def: "A relatively undifferentiated cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells." [CL:0000034] xref: CL:0000034 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell [Term] id: XAO:0003055 name: hematopoietic stem cell def: "A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system." [CL:0000037, ZFA:0009014] synonym: "HSC" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000037 is_a: XAO:0003054 ! stem cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000067 ! part of ventral blood island relationship: part_of XAO:0003051 ! part of dorsal lateral plate region [Term] id: XAO:0003056 name: anterior def: "Spatial concept denoting the front surface of the body; often used to indicate the position of one structure relative to another." [NCIt:Anterior] subset: sectional_anatomy_items subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0003057 name: posterior def: "Spatial concept denoting the back surface of the body." [NCIt:Posterior] subset: sectional_anatomy_items subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0003058 name: larval structure is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003059 name: chondrocranium def: "Structure consisting of a cartilaginous skull that begins to form during early tadpole stage." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "cartilaginous skull" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010169 is_a: XAO:0003075 ! cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003060 name: skeletal system def: "Anatomical system that provides physical support to the organism." [AAO:0000566] xref: VAO:0000027 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of XAO:0000168 ! part of musculoskeletal system [Term] id: XAO:0003061 name: forelimb skeleton def: "Skeletal structure of the paired, anterior appendages." [AAO:0000202] xref: AAO:0000202 is_a: XAO:0003166 ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003062 name: hind limb skeleton def: "Skeletal structure of the paired, posterior appendages." [AAO:0000217] xref: AAO:0000217 is_a: XAO:0003166 ! appendicular skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003063 name: pectoral girdle def: "Arched skeletal structure that supports the forelimbs, the rudiments of which can be distinguished in mesenchyme at NF stage 51, and is complete by NF stage 60." [ISBN:0471209627, NLM:pectoral+girdle] synonym: "shoulder girdle" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000422 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003166 ! part of appendicular skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000063 ! starts during NF stage 51 [Term] id: XAO:0003064 name: pelvic girdle def: "Arched skeletal structure that supports the hind limbs, begins to develop at NF stage 50, and is ossified by NF stage 66." [ISBN:0471209627, NLM:pelvic+girdle] xref: AAO:0000426 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003166 ! part of appendicular skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000062 ! starts during NF stage 50 [Term] id: XAO:0003065 name: forelimb bud def: "The anterior limb bud which develops into the fore limb; oval shaped in dorsal aspect by NF stage 50, and paddle shaped by NF stage 53; all four fingers and melanophores apparent by NF stage 54." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010381 is_a: XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! starts during NF stage 48 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000066 ! ends during NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0003066 name: hind limb bud def: "The bilateral thickening of the ectoderm in the region of the first noticeable at NF stage 47, and innervated by NF stage 51. The hind limb buds develop before the forelimb buds." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "hind limb bud" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010382 is_a: XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! starts during NF stage 46 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000068 ! ends during NF stage 56 [Term] id: XAO:0003067 name: fore epipodium is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003068 name: fore mesopodium is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003069 name: hind propodium is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003070 name: hind metapodium is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003071 name: fore propodium is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003072 name: hind epipodium is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003073 name: postcranial axial skeleton def: "Skeletal structure that has as its parts the vertebral column, located in the dorsal part of the trunk, and formed by a series of vertebrae. It provides suspension for the appendicular skeleton and protection for the spinal nerve cord." [AAO:0000034] synonym: "axial skeleton" RELATED [] xref: VAO:0000093 is_a: XAO:0003060 ! skeletal system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000401 ! develops from sclerotomal cartilage [Term] id: XAO:0003074 name: vertebral column xref: ZFA:0001559 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003073 ! part of postcranial axial skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003075 name: cranium def: "Skeletal system that is part of the head, including the splanchnocranium, chondrocranium, and dermatocranium." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "cranial skeleton" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000109 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003060 ! part of skeletal system relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! part of head [Term] id: XAO:0003076 name: cervical vertebra def: "The single vertebra that is immediately posterior to the skull, specifically the atlas, and lacks ribs." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] synonym: "atlas" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004019 ! vertebra [Term] id: XAO:0003077 name: presacral vertebra xref: AAO:0000612 is_a: XAO:0004019 ! vertebra [Term] id: XAO:0003078 name: sacral vertebra is_a: XAO:0004019 ! vertebra [Term] id: XAO:0003079 name: caudal vertebra def: "The bones that make up the tail region of the tadpole." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: ZFA:0000326 is_a: XAO:0004019 ! vertebra [Term] id: XAO:0003080 name: urostyle def: "Rodlike caudal bony structure unique to anurans that lies within a compartment formed by the elongated, anteriorly oriented pelvic girdle. The urostyle is formed by the fusion of the coccyx and the hypochord." [AAO:0000732] xref: AAO:0000732 is_a: XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003073 ! part of postcranial axial skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003081 name: larynx def: "Anatomical structure consisting of a narrowly triangular chamber supported by a series of semicircular cartilages in which part of the sound-production system is located." [AAO:0000268] xref: AAO:0000268 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! part of respiratory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! starts during NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0003082 name: sucker is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000033 [Term] id: XAO:0003083 name: braincase and otic capsule skeleton def: "Skeleton encasing the brain and auditory apparatus." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] xref: AAO:0000052 is_a: XAO:0003060 ! skeletal system relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! part of cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003084 name: lower jaw xref: AAO:0000272 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! part of cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003085 name: Meckel's cartilage def: "Paired cartilaginous component of the lower jaw that fuses together through a median inferior labial cartilage, resulting in a single curved bar of cartilage by metamorphic climax. During metamorphosis it is surrounded by the developing dentale and goniale." [PMID:3693112] xref: AAO:0000289 is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilaginous element relationship: part_of XAO:0003084 ! part of lower jaw [Term] id: XAO:0003086 name: suspensorium xref: AAO:0000596 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003176 ! part of splanchnocranium [Term] id: XAO:0003087 name: upper jaw xref: AAO:0000620 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! part of cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003088 name: seminiferous tubule def: "Any of the coiled tubules located in the testes in which spermatozoa are produced." [AAO:0010399] xref: AAO:0010399 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! starts during NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0000157 ! part of testis [Term] id: XAO:0003089 name: cranial nerve def: "Any of the major paired nerves of the head region, which exit and enter the cranium through openings in the skull." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "cranial nerves" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0000108 is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! part of peripheral nervous system [Term] id: XAO:0003090 name: cranial nerve III def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "oculomotor nerve" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000405 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve [Term] id: XAO:0003091 name: cranial nerve IV def: "Cranial nerve, also known as the pathetic nerve, that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "trochlear nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "pathetic nerve" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000600 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve [Term] id: XAO:0003092 name: cranial nerve V def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the ophthalmic (supplying the skin of the nose and upper jaw) and the mandibular (supplying the lower jaw)." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "trigeminal nerve" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000697 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve [Term] id: XAO:0003093 name: cranial nerve VI def: "Cranial nerve, also known as the abducent nerve, that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "abducent nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "abducens nerve" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000310 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve [Term] id: XAO:0003094 name: cranial nerve VII def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the supraorbital (supplying the skin of the eye region and the lateral line organs here), the palatine (to the roof of the buccal cavity), and the hyomandibular (dividing into the jugular and mental branches)." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "facial nerve" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000664 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve relationship: part_of XAO:0003197 ! part of gustatory system [Term] id: XAO:0003095 name: cranial nerve VIII def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the ear." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "auditory nerve" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000247 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve relationship: part_of XAO:0003195 ! part of vestibuloauditory system [Term] id: XAO:0003096 name: cranial nerve IX def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the ramus communicans (to the skin), the pretrematic (to the walls of the pharynx and mouth, viscero-sensory fibers), and the larval post-trematic branch (lost in the adult)." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000668 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve relationship: part_of XAO:0003197 ! part of gustatory system [Term] id: XAO:0003097 name: cranial nerve X def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the lateral (to body sense organs) and the intestino-accessorial (to the skin, muscles of shoulder, hyoid, larynx, gut, lungs, and heart)." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "vagus nerve" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000453 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve relationship: part_of XAO:0003197 ! part of gustatory system [Term] id: XAO:0003098 name: cerebellum def: "A dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum." [UBERON:0002037] xref: AAO:0010485 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! part of hindbrain [Term] id: XAO:0003099 name: fourth ventricle def: "Irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space." [UBERON:0002422] synonym: "IVth ventricle" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011043 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! part of hindbrain [Term] id: XAO:0003100 name: medulla oblongata def: "Posterior portion of the hindbrain which controls respiration, heartbeat, digestion, and swallowing as well as some locomotor responses." [AAO:0010486] xref: AAO:0010486 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! part of hindbrain [Term] id: XAO:0003101 name: spinal nerve xref: AAO:0011101 is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! part of peripheral nervous system [Term] id: XAO:0003102 name: transverse process def: "Any of the projections on each side of the vertebra from the point where the neural arch lamina joins the pedicel for the articulation with the head of a single-headed rib or the upper head of a double-headed rib. Also called diapophyses. They provide surfaces for the attachment of muscles. In anurans, the term transverse process is used in reference to the processes associated with the presacral and postsacral vertebrae." [AAO:0000698] xref: AAO:0000698 is_a: XAO:0004020 ! process relationship: part_of XAO:0004019 ! part of vertebra [Term] id: XAO:0003103 name: claw def: "Anatomical structure consisting of a small, pointed keratinized appendage at the end of each of the three inner toes of the hind limbs." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003162 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! part of hindlimb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000070 ! starts during NF stage 58 [Term] id: XAO:0003104 name: myotome of head somite 1 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: end_stage XAO:1000043 ! ends during NF stage 27 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000396 ! develops from head somite 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003105 name: myotome of head somite 2 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000403 ! develops from head somite 2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000054 ! ends during NF stage 42 [Term] id: XAO:0003106 name: myotome of head somite 3 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000404 ! develops from head somite 3 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! ends during NF stage 44 [Term] id: XAO:0003107 name: myotome of head somite 4 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000405 ! develops from head somite 4 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! ends during NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0003108 name: myotome of trunk somite 1 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000406 ! develops from trunk somite 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003109 name: myotome of trunk somite 2 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000407 ! develops from trunk somite 2 [Term] id: XAO:0003110 name: myotome of trunk somite 3 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000408 ! develops from trunk somite 3 [Term] id: XAO:0003111 name: myotome of trunk somite 4 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000409 ! develops from trunk somite 4 [Term] id: XAO:0003112 name: sclerotome of head somite 4 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000405 ! develops from head somite 4 [Term] id: XAO:0003113 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 1 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000406 ! develops from trunk somite 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003114 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 2 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000407 ! develops from trunk somite 2 [Term] id: XAO:0003115 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 3 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000408 ! develops from trunk somite 3 [Term] id: XAO:0003116 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 4 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000409 ! develops from trunk somite 4 [Term] id: XAO:0003117 name: myotome of trunk somite 5 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000410 ! develops from trunk somite 5 [Term] id: XAO:0003118 name: myotome of trunk somite 6 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000411 ! develops from trunk somite 6 [Term] id: XAO:0003119 name: myotome of trunk somite 7 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000412 ! develops from trunk somite 7 [Term] id: XAO:0003120 name: myotome of trunk somite 8 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000416 ! develops from trunk somite 8 [Term] id: XAO:0003121 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 5 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000410 ! develops from trunk somite 5 [Term] id: XAO:0003122 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 6 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000411 ! develops from trunk somite 6 [Term] id: XAO:0003123 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 7 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000412 ! develops from trunk somite 7 [Term] id: XAO:0003124 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 8 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000416 ! develops from trunk somite 8 [Term] id: XAO:0003125 name: myotome of trunk somite 9 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000417 ! develops from trunk somite 9 [Term] id: XAO:0003126 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 9 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000417 ! develops from trunk somite 9 [Term] id: XAO:0003127 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 10 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000418 ! develops from trunk somite 10 [Term] id: XAO:0003128 name: myotome of trunk somite 10 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000418 ! develops from trunk somite 10 [Term] id: XAO:0003129 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 11 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000419 ! develops from trunk somite 11 [Term] id: XAO:0003130 name: myotome of trunk somite 11 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000419 ! develops from trunk somite 11 [Term] id: XAO:0003131 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 12 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000420 ! develops from trunk somite 12 [Term] id: XAO:0003132 name: myotome of trunk somite 12 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000420 ! develops from trunk somite 12 [Term] id: XAO:0003133 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 13 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000421 ! develops from trunk somite 13 [Term] id: XAO:0003134 name: myotome of trunk somite 13 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000421 ! develops from trunk somite 13 [Term] id: XAO:0003135 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 14 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000422 ! develops from trunk somite 14 [Term] id: XAO:0003136 name: myotome of trunk somite 14 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000422 ! develops from trunk somite 14 [Term] id: XAO:0003137 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 15 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000423 ! develops from trunk somite 15 [Term] id: XAO:0003138 name: myotome of trunk somite 15 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000423 ! develops from trunk somite 15 [Term] id: XAO:0003139 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 16 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000424 ! develops from trunk somite 16 [Term] id: XAO:0003140 name: myotome of trunk somite 16 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000424 ! develops from trunk somite 16 [Term] id: XAO:0003141 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 17 is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000425 ! develops from trunk somite 17 [Term] id: XAO:0003142 name: myotome of trunk somite 17 is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000425 ! develops from trunk somite 17 [Term] id: XAO:0003143 name: tail somite xref: AAO:0010383 is_a: XAO:0000058 ! somite relationship: part_of XAO:0003026 ! part of tail [Term] id: XAO:0003144 name: amphibian papilla def: "The principal auditory organ of frog that utilizes both mechanical and electrical (hair cell-based) frequency tuning mechanisms for hearing, located near the junction of the utricle and the saccule bones of the inner ear." [PMID:10377339] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear [Term] id: XAO:0003145 name: basilar papilla def: "A sensory structure in the lagenar portion of an amphibian's membranous labyrinth between the oval and round windows." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "papilla basilaris" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011018 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear [Term] id: XAO:0003146 name: gonad def: "Anatomical structure which produces gametes as well as certain sex hormones controlled by the pituitary gonadotropins. Reproductive organ that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis)." [AAO:0000213, ZFA:0000413] xref: AAO:0000213 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! part of trunk [Term] id: XAO:0003147 name: spermatozoon def: "A mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid." [CL:0000019] synonym: "spermatozoa" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "sperm" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000019 is_a: XAO:0003150 ! gamete relationship: develops_from XAO:0003151 ! develops from spermatid [Term] id: XAO:0003148 name: germ line cell def: "A cell that is within the developmental lineage of gametes and is able to pass along its genetic material to offspring." [ISBN:0721662544] xref: CL:0000039 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell [Term] id: XAO:0003149 name: primordial germ cell def: "Primitive cell type that is involved in the reproduction of the organism beginning with the sexual differentiation of the gonads at NF stage 52. In males specifically, it migrates from the genital ridge cortical region into the medullary tissue, where it forms spermatogonia. In females it is embedded in the cortical region and multiplies as oogonia." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "primitive germ cell" RELATED [] synonym: "PGC" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000670 is_a: XAO:0003148 ! germ line cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000233 ! develops from germ plasm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003150 name: gamete def: "A mature male or female germ cell." [NLM:gamete] xref: CL:0000300 is_a: XAO:0003148 ! germ line cell [Term] id: XAO:0003151 name: spermatid xref: CL:0000018 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003019 ! develops from spermatocyte [Term] id: XAO:0003152 name: immune system def: "Anatomical system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies." [NLM:immune+system] xref: AAO:0011003 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003153 name: larval immune system def: "The immune system of a postembryonic, hatched or immature tadpole, prior to metamorphosis." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! ends during NF stage 66 [Term] id: XAO:0003154 name: adult immune system def: "The complete system of biological structures and processes within the adult organism that protects against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0011003 is_a: XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000093 ! starts during adult frog [Term] id: XAO:0003155 name: lymphocyte def: "A cell of the B cell, T cell, or natural killer cell lineage." [CL:0000542] xref: CL:0000542 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! part of immune system [Term] id: XAO:0003156 name: natural killer cell def: "A lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells." [CL:0000623] synonym: "NK cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000623 is_a: XAO:0003155 ! lymphocyte [Term] id: XAO:0003157 name: T cell xref: CL:0000084 is_a: XAO:0003155 ! lymphocyte relationship: develops_from XAO:0003159 ! develops from thymocyte [Term] id: XAO:0003158 name: B cell def: "One of the two types of lymphocytes (the others being T cells). All lymphocytes begin their development in the bone marrow. B cells are involved in so-called humoral immunity." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: CL:0000236 is_a: XAO:0003155 ! lymphocyte [Term] id: XAO:0003159 name: thymocyte def: "An immature T cell located in the thymus." [AAO:0010312] is_a: XAO:0003155 ! lymphocyte relationship: part_of XAO:0000163 ! part of thymus [Term] id: XAO:0003160 name: anatomical cluster def: "Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another." [CARO:0000041] xref: CARO:0000041 is_a: XAO:0003001 ! anatomical group relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! part of whole organism relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003161 name: limb bud def: "Structure that is an early outgrowth of a presumptive limb." [AAO:0010375] xref: AAO:0010375 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! starts during NF stage 46 [Term] id: XAO:0003162 name: acellular anatomical structure def: "Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue." [CARO:0000040] xref: CARO:0000040 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! starts during NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003163 name: basal lamina def: "Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue." [CARO:0000065] xref: CARO:0000065 is_a: XAO:0003162 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003164 name: solid compound organ def: "Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces." [CARO:0000074] xref: CARO:0000074 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003165 name: cavitated compound organ def: "Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces." [CARO:0000072] xref: CARO:0000072 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003166 name: appendicular skeleton def: "Skeletal structure that has as its parts the pectoral and pelvic girdles, which articulate with the axial skeleton, together with their associated limbs, the forelimbs and hind limbs." [AAO:0000747] xref: VAO:0000076 is_a: XAO:0003060 ! skeletal system [Term] id: XAO:0003167 name: fore metapodium is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003168 name: hind mesopodium is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003169 name: dermatocranium def: "Cranium which consists of dermally derived bones." [TAO:0000863] xref: AAO:0010154 is_a: XAO:0003075 ! cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003170 name: neurocranium xref: AAO:0010153 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! part of cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003171 name: orbital region def: "An anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye." [AAO:0010220] xref: AAO:0010220 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! part of cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003172 name: olfactory region def: "Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the neurocranium and provides structural support for the olfactory organs." [AAO:0010206] xref: AAO:0010206 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! part of cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003173 name: occipital region def: "An anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the neurocranium and forms the margin of the foramen margin and occipital condyles." [AAO:0010199] xref: AAO:0010199 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! part of cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003174 name: sphenoid region def: "Anatomical cluster that forms the floor and side walls of the middle part of the cranium." [TAO:0000290] xref: AAO:0010207 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! part of cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003175 name: otic region def: "Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the neurocranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system." [AAO:0010208] xref: AAO:0010208 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! part of cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003176 name: splanchnocranium def: "Regional skeletal system of the jaws, hyoid and branchial arches." [ZFA:0001216] xref: AAO:0010157 is_a: XAO:0003075 ! cranium [Term] id: XAO:0003177 name: hyoid arch skeleton xref: AAO:0010370 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0000098 ! part of hyoid arch relationship: part_of XAO:0003176 ! part of splanchnocranium [Term] id: XAO:0003178 name: dorsal hyoid arch skeleton xref: AAO:0010371 is_a: XAO:0003177 ! hyoid arch skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003179 name: ventral hyoid arch skeleton xref: AAO:0010372 is_a: XAO:0003177 ! hyoid arch skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003180 name: branchial arch skeleton def: "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the branchial arches; the last five of the set of seven pharyngeal arches; the numbering system can be confusing; generally branchial arch #1 is the first branchial arch, or the third pharyngeal arch, but some authors do not follow this convention." [PMID:8589427] synonym: "Pharyngeal arch skeleton 3-7>" RELATED [] synonym: "gill arch skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "visceral arch skeleton" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010369 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0000099 ! part of branchial arch relationship: part_of XAO:0003176 ! part of splanchnocranium [Term] id: XAO:0003181 name: branchial arch skeleton 1 def: "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the first branchial or pharyngeal arch." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003180 ! branchial arch skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0000447 ! part of branchial arch 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003182 name: branchial arch skeleton 2 def: "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the second branchial or pharyngeal arch." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003180 ! branchial arch skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0000449 ! part of branchial arch 2 [Term] id: XAO:0003183 name: branchial arch skeleton 3 def: "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the third branchial or pharyngeal arch." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003180 ! branchial arch skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0000451 ! part of branchial arch 3 [Term] id: XAO:0003184 name: branchial arch skeleton 4 def: "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the forth branchial or pharyngeal arch." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003180 ! branchial arch skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0000453 ! part of branchial arch 4 [Term] id: XAO:0003185 name: anatomical direction def: "Any spatial descriptor that describes the orientation of the anatomical features of an embryo." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity [Term] id: XAO:0003186 name: anatomical region def: "A region of the whole organism that contains a recognizable set of structures or anatomical entities." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity [Term] id: XAO:0003187 name: medial def: "Spatial concept pertaining to being toward the middle or inside." [NCIt:Medial] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0003188 name: proximal def: "Spatial concept denoting a part of the body that is closer to the center of the body than another part." [NCIt:Proximal] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0003189 name: distal def: "Spatial concept denoting a part of the body that is farther away from the center of the body than another part." [NCIt:Distal] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0003190 name: anatomical space def: "Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures." [CARO:0000005] xref: CARO:0000005 is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity [Term] id: XAO:0003191 name: left atrium xref: AAO:0010247 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart [Term] id: XAO:0003192 name: right atrium xref: AAO:0010248 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart [Term] id: XAO:0003193 name: cardiac ventricle def: "Cardiac chamber which consists of a wall that surrounds the cavity of a ventricle. The amphibian heart has a single ventricle and an outflow tract with an incomplete spiral septa." [UBERON:0002082] xref: UBERON:0002082 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! starts during NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0003194 name: sensory system def: "A part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information." [WIKI:Sensory_system] xref: AAO:0000555 is_a: XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! ends during death [Term] id: XAO:0003195 name: vestibuloauditory system def: "The sensory system used for balance and hearing." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0000631 is_a: XAO:0003194 ! sensory system [Term] id: XAO:0003196 name: olfactory system def: "The sensory system used for olfaction (the sense of smell)." [WIKI:Olfactory_system] xref: AAO:0000978 is_a: XAO:0003194 ! sensory system [Term] id: XAO:0003197 name: gustatory system def: "The sensory system used for the sense of taste." [WIKI:Gustatory_system] xref: AAO:0010577 is_a: XAO:0003194 ! sensory system [Term] id: XAO:0003198 name: visual system def: "The sensory system used for sight." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0000632 is_a: XAO:0003194 ! sensory system [Term] id: XAO:0003199 name: lymphatic system def: "Part of the circulatory system which consists of a series of vessels which collect blood (exclusive of erythrocytes) which seep through capillary walls and return it to the veins. The lymphatic system of vasculature drains lymph fluid from the tissue spaces of most organs and returns it to the blood vasculature for recirculation. The lymphatic sytem functions in immune responses. Anurans generate a lot lymphatic fluid, largely as a consequence of their very `leaky' vasculature and high interstitial compliance. Lymph is ultimately pumped into the venous system by paired, dorsally located lymph hearts. Hedrick et al (2007) show that lung inflation and deflation assists lymph movement. Lymph is moved during lung deflation to the subvertebral sac from anterior and posterior lymph sacs. During lung inflation, increased lymph sac pressure moves lymph to axillary regions, where lymph hearts can return lymph to the vascular space. (see Hedrick et al 2007)." [AAO:0010522, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0010522 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system [Term] id: XAO:0003200 name: gut epithelium def: "The epithelium of the gut." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: ZFA:0005123 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system [Term] id: XAO:0003201 name: oral epithelium xref: AAO:0010357 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: part_of XAO:0003029 ! part of mouth [Term] id: XAO:0003202 name: pharyngeal epithelium xref: ZFA:0001174 is_a: XAO:0004007 ! unilaminar epithelium [Term] id: XAO:0003203 name: dental epithelium def: "Epithelium that is part of a developing tooth or dental organ." [ZFA:0005134] xref: AAO:0011027 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium [Term] id: XAO:0003204 name: neural tube def: "Hollow epithelial tube on dorsal side of the embryo that develops into the central nervous system." [AAO:0010617] xref: AAO:0010617 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: XAO:0003205 name: chondrocyte def: "Polymorphic cell type that forms cartilage." [CL:0000138] xref: CL:0000138 is_a: XAO:0003238 ! chondroblast relationship: part_of XAO:0000170 ! part of cartilage tissue [Term] id: XAO:0003206 name: podocyte def: "Cell type that is a component of the glomus." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: CL:0000653 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000318 ! part of glomus [Term] id: XAO:0003207 name: carpus def: "The cluster of bones in the wrist between the radius, ulna and metacarpus, they do not belong to individual finger, but allow the wrist to move and rotate." [ISBN:0-07-017977-8] xref: UBERON:0001435 is_a: XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003061 ! part of forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0003030 ! part of forelimb [Term] id: XAO:0003208 name: metacarpus is_a: XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003030 ! part of forelimb relationship: part_of XAO:0003061 ! part of forelimb skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003209 name: radio-ulna def: "Either of the paired, long bones of endochondral origin formed by the fusion of the radius and ulna." [AAO:0000901] synonym: "radioulna" EXACT [] synonym: "radius-ulna" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000901 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: part_of XAO:0003030 ! part of forelimb relationship: part_of XAO:0003061 ! part of forelimb skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003210 name: humerus def: "Either of the paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that extend from the pectoral girdle to the elbows. The humerus is the long bone in the forelimb that runs from the shoulder to the elbow." [AAO:0000679, XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: AAO:0000679 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: part_of XAO:0003030 ! part of forelimb relationship: part_of XAO:0003061 ! part of forelimb skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003211 name: tarsus def: "A bone of the wrist of the hindlimb, which remains cartilaginous until NF stage 66." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "tarsalia" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0004454 is_a: XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! part of hindlimb relationship: part_of XAO:0003062 ! part of hind limb skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003212 name: metatarsus is_a: XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! part of hindlimb relationship: part_of XAO:0003062 ! part of hind limb skeleton [Term] id: XAO:0003213 name: tibia-fibula def: "Bone of the lower hind leg, which undergoes ossification from NF stage 56 to stage 66." [ISBN:0471209627] is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: part_of XAO:0003062 ! part of hind limb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! part of hindlimb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! starts during NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:0003214 name: femur def: "Either of the paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that form the thighs, extending from the pelvic girdles to the knees. Proximal bone of the hind leg, which begins to ossify at NF stage 55." [ISBN:0471209627] xref: AAO:0000889 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! part of hindlimb relationship: part_of XAO:0003062 ! part of hind limb skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! starts during NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003215 name: photoreceptor layer def: "The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell receptor segments reside." [ZFA:0000143] synonym: "retinal photoreceptor layer" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000143 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0003216 name: retinal neural layer def: "The layer of nerve cells in the retina." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "neural retina" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011095 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000009 ! part of retina created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:02:33Z [Term] id: XAO:0003217 name: retinal pigmented epithelium def: "The monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina." [ZFA:0000144] synonym: "pigmented retinal epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "pigmented epithelium" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011096 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: part_of XAO:0000009 ! part of retina created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:05:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0003218 name: retinal outer plexiform layer xref: ZFA:0001330 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0003219 name: retinal outer nuclear layer xref: ZFA:0001464 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:30Z [Term] id: XAO:0003220 name: optic fiber layer xref: ZFA:0001619 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0003221 name: retinal inner nuclear layer xref: ZFA:0000119 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0003222 name: inner limiting membrane xref: ZFA:0001029 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:37Z [Term] id: XAO:0003223 name: retinal ganglion cell layer xref: ZFA:0000024 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0003224 name: outer limiting membrane xref: ZFA:0001331 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0003225 name: retinal inner plexiform layer xref: ZFA:0001329 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0003226 name: optic tectum def: "The brain structure where the two separate inputs from the two eyes are combined into a single, integrated map." [PMID:17952453] synonym: "tectum" RELATED [] synonym: "tectum opticum" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010609 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! part of midbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-15T03:37:08Z [Term] id: XAO:0003227 name: pharynx def: "Anatomical cavity bounded by the derivatives of the branchial arches." [AAO:0000967] xref: AAO:0000967 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-16T02:04:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0003228 name: hypaxial muscle synonym: "body wall muscle" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000174 ! skeletal muscle relationship: part_of XAO:0003230 ! part of trunk musculature created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-16T02:14:05Z [Term] id: XAO:0003229 name: epaxial muscle def: "Trunk muscles that lies dorsal to the horizontal septum." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "epaxial muscles" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0000142 is_a: XAO:0000174 ! skeletal muscle relationship: part_of XAO:0003230 ! part of trunk musculature created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-16T02:17:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0003230 name: trunk musculature is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! part of trunk created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-16T02:18:03Z [Term] id: XAO:0003231 name: absorptive cell def: "A cell that takes up stuff and metabolizes it." [CL:0000212] xref: CL:0000212 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:12:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0003232 name: acid secreting cell def: "Any of the cell types of the digestive system that secrete amino acid peptides or polypeptides." [CL:0000161] xref: CL:0000161 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:15:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0003233 name: acinar cell def: "Exocrine functioning cells of the pancreas." [CL:0000622] xref: CL:0000622 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system relationship: part_of XAO:0000136 ! part of pancreas created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:16:38Z [Term] id: XAO:0003234 name: alkali secreting cell def: "A cell that secretes alkaline substances." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: CL:0000435 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:17:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0003235 name: barrier cell def: "A cell whose primary function is to prevent the transport of stuff across compartments." [CL:0000215] xref: CL:0000215 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:18:52Z [Term] id: XAO:0003236 name: barrier epithelial cell def: "A surface epithelial cell of stratified squamous epithelium of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus or cloaca." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: CL:0000073 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:19:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0003237 name: cementoblast def: "A cell of ectomesenchymal origin concerned with the formation of the layer of cementum on the roots of teeth." [ISBN:0781733901] xref: CL:0000061 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:23:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0003238 name: chondroblast def: "A chondroblast is a cell which originates from a mesenchymal stem cell and forms chondrocytes, commonly known as cartilage cells." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: CL:0000058 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003255 ! develops from mesodermal cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:24:55Z [Term] id: XAO:0003239 name: circulating cell def: "A cell which moves among different tissues of the body, via blood, lymph, or other medium." [CL:0000080] xref: CL:0000080 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:26:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0003240 name: digestive enzyme secreting cell synonym: "digestive enzyme secreting cells" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000470 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! part of alimentary system created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:30:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0003241 name: early embryonic cell xref: CL:0000007 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:31:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0003242 name: morula cell def: "A cell of the early embryo at the developmental stage in which the blastomeres, resulting from repeated mitotic divisions of the fertilized ovum (zygote), form a compact cell mass." [CL:0000360] xref: CL:0000360 is_a: XAO:0003241 ! early embryonic cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:32:43Z [Term] id: XAO:0003243 name: blastoderm cell def: "An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote)." [CL:0000353] xref: CL:0000353 is_a: XAO:0003241 ! early embryonic cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:32:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0003244 name: gastrula cell def: "A cell of the embryo in the early stage following the blastula, characterized by morphogenetic cell movements, cell differentiation, and the formation of the three germ layers." [CL:0000361] xref: CL:0000361 is_a: XAO:0003241 ! early embryonic cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000033 ! ends during NF stage 12.5 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! starts during NF stage 10 created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:32:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0003245 name: ectodermal cell def: "A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo." [CL:0000221] synonym: "ectoderm cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000221 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! part of ectoderm created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:35:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0003246 name: electrically active cell def: "A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal." [CL:0000211] xref: CL:0000211 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:37:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0003247 name: endocrine cell def: "A cell of an endocrine gland, ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions." [CL:0000163] xref: CL:0000163 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! part of endocrine system created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:38:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0003248 name: endodermal cell def: "A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo." [CL:0000223] synonym: "endoderm cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000223 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! part of endoderm created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:40:37Z [Term] id: XAO:0003249 name: epithelial cell def: "A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface." [CL:0000066] xref: CL:0000066 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0003045 ! part of epithelium created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:42:50Z [Term] id: XAO:0003250 name: exocrine cell def: "A cell of an exocrine gland, i.e. a gland that discharges its secretion via a duct." [CL:0000152] xref: CL:0000152 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:44:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0003251 name: hatching gland cell def: "Individual secretory cells of the hatching gland that secrete an enzyme that dissolves or weakens the egg jelly and facilitates hatching." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: CL:0000249 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000049 ! ends during NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! starts during NF stage 15 created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:48:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0003252 name: keratin accumulating cell xref: CL:0000311 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:52:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0003253 name: ligament cell xref: CL:0000384 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:52:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0003254 name: Merkel cell def: "A modified epidermal cell located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute." [CL:0000242] xref: CL:0000242 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:56:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0003255 name: mesodermal cell def: "A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo." [CL:0000222] synonym: "mesoderm cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000222 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! part of mesoderm created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:00:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0003256 name: mucus secreting cell xref: CL:0000319 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:06:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0003257 name: myelin accumulating cell xref: CL:0000328 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:06:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0003258 name: neuromast mantle cell def: "A non-sensory cell surrounding the neuromast support cells and neuromast hair cells, separating the neuromast from the epidermis, and secreting cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all the hair cells are embedded." [CL:0000851] xref: CL:0000851 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:07:36Z [Term] id: XAO:0003259 name: neuromast support cell def: "A non-sensory cell of the neuromast that extends between the sensory hair cells from the basement membrane to the apical surface; neuromast support cells are surrounded by neuromast mantle cells." [CL:0000852] xref: CL:0000852 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:09:08Z [Term] id: XAO:0003260 name: nucleate erythrocyte def: "An erythrocyte having a nucleus." [CL:0000562] xref: CL:0000562 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:10:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0003261 name: olfactory epithelial support cell def: "A non-ciliated columnar cell that extends from the epithelial free margin to the basement membrane of the olfactory epithelium." [CL:0000853] xref: CL:0000853 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:14:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0003262 name: oxygen accumulating cell xref: CL:0000329 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:16:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0003263 name: paracrine cell xref: CL:0000512 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:17:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0003264 name: pericyte def: "A slender, contractile, mesenchymal-like cell found in close association with capillary walls. They are relatively undifferentiated and may become fibroblasts, macrophages, or smooth muscle cells." [CL:0000669] xref: CL:0000669 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:21:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0003265 name: somatic stem cell def: "A stem cell that can give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line." [CL:0000723] xref: CL:0000723 is_a: XAO:0003054 ! stem cell created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:25:31Z [Term] id: XAO:0003266 name: liver primordium synonym: "liver" BROAD [] synonym: "liver bud" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011058 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-07-20T04:05:12Z [Term] id: XAO:0003267 name: kidney def: "Either of the pair of structures lying on either side of the dorsal aorta in which fluid balance is regulated and waste is excreted out in the form of urine." [AAO:0000250] xref: AAO:0000250 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0000143 ! part of urinary system created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-08-25T11:34:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0003268 name: cardiac progenitor cell def: "Presumptive precardiac cells which lie as paired primordia 30 to 45¡ on either side of the dorsal midline of the Xenopus embryo, and as gastrulation proceeds, these migrate laterally, eventually fusing at the anterior ventral midline, where they differentiate into cardiac tissue. Cells that give rise to the linear heart tube of the fused heart primordium and derive from the cardiac crescent." [PMID:17194606, PMID:2340810] synonym: "CPC" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000022 ! starts during NF stage 12 relationship: part_of XAO:0000336 ! part of fused heart primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000049 ! ends during NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-12-01T04:42:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0003269 name: jaw muscle is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle created_by: seger creation_date: 2009-12-01T04:45:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004000 name: duct def: "A tube shaped portion of tissue lined with epithelial cells that collects secretions and routes them to their destination." [UBERON:0000058] synonym: "ducts" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0000058 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-16T10:41:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0004001 name: portion of organism substance xref: ZFA:0000007 is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-16T10:56:39Z [Term] id: XAO:0004002 name: lateral line xref: ZFA:0001469 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-16T11:03:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004003 name: anatomical line xref: CARO:0000008 is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-16T11:18:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004004 name: atypical epithelium xref: CARO:0000071 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T10:55:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0004005 name: extraembryonic structure xref: CARO:0000042 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:00:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0004006 name: multilaminar epithelium def: "Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells." [CARO:0000069] xref: CARO:0000069 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:10:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0004007 name: unilaminar epithelium def: "Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells." [CARO:MAH] xref: CARO:0000073 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:18:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004008 name: simple columnar epithelium def: "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells." [CARO:MAH] xref: CARO:0000068 is_a: XAO:0004007 ! unilaminar epithelium created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:19:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004009 name: simple cuboidal epithelium def: "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells." [CARO:MAH] xref: CARO:0000067 is_a: XAO:0004007 ! unilaminar epithelium created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:22:50Z [Term] id: XAO:0004010 name: simple squamous epithelium def: "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells." [CARO:MAH] xref: CARO:0000070 is_a: XAO:0004007 ! unilaminar epithelium created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:25:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004011 name: axial skeleton def: "Anatomical cluster of the central body axis including the cranium, vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum." [VAO:0000056] xref: VAO:0000056 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0004053 ! part of skeleton created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T02:37:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0004012 name: skeletal element def: "Organ entity that may have different tissue compositions at different stages and typically involved in mechanical support." [VAO:0000128] xref: VAO:0000128 is_a: XAO:0003164 ! solid compound organ relationship: part_of XAO:0004053 ! part of skeleton created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:11:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004013 name: cartilaginous element def: "Skeletal element that is composed of cartilage tissue and may be permanent or transient." [VAO:0000000] synonym: "chondrogenic element" EXACT [] synonym: "cartilage" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000000 is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element relationship: develops_from XAO:0004022 ! develops from chondrogenic condensation created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:25:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0004014 name: membrane bone xref: VAO:0000023 is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:36:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004015 name: dermal bone def: "Skeletal element that forms superficially in the organism, usually in association with the ectoderm." [VAO:00000130] xref: VAO:0000130 is_a: XAO:0004014 ! membrane bone created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:36:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004016 name: replacement element def: "Skeletal element that forms as a replacement or substitution of another element or tissue." [VAO:0000135] xref: VAO:0000135 is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:37:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004017 name: endochondral element def: "A skeletal element that has the potential to participate in endochondral ossification, and may participate in intramembranous ossification." [VAO:0000139] xref: VAO:0000139 is_a: XAO:0004016 ! replacement element created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:38:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004018 name: endochondral bone def: "Replacement bone that forms within cartilage." [VAO:0000145] synonym: "ossified chondrogenic bone" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000145 is_a: XAO:0004017 ! endochondral element created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:39:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004019 name: vertebra def: "Main component of the vertebral column. It consists of two essential parts, a dorsal neural arch and a ventral centrum." [AAO:0000691] xref: AAO:0000691 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: part_of XAO:0003074 ! part of vertebral column created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:44:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004020 name: process def: "Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc." [TAO:0001834] synonym: "projection" EXACT [] synonym: "laminae" EXACT [] synonym: "lamellae" EXACT [] synonym: "ridge" EXACT [] synonym: "flange" EXACT [] synonym: "bony projection" RELATED [] synonym: "shelf" EXACT [] xref: TAO:0001834 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:58:55Z [Term] id: XAO:0004021 name: cell condensation def: "Anatomical structure that is an aggregation of similar cells from which cartilages and bones form, and from which chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are initiated during repair and/or regeneration. (Hall and Miyake 1995)." [VAO:0000006] xref: VAO:0000006 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:26:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004022 name: chondrogenic condensation def: "Cell condensation that is an aggregation of mesenchymal cells that are committed to differentiate into chondroblasts and chondrocytes." [VAO:0000092] synonym: "cartilaginous condensation" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000092 is_a: XAO:0004021 ! cell condensation created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:27:08Z [Term] id: XAO:0004023 name: craniofacial skeleton def: "Cranial skeleton derived from neural crest cells." [VAO:00000082] synonym: "cranio-facial skeleton" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000082 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:39:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004024 name: craniofacial region xref: VAO:0000083 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:42:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0004025 name: dermal skeleton def: "Skeletal system that undergoes direct development and includes elements that either develop in association with the basement membrane of the ectoderm or are homologous with such elements; includes dermatocranium, components of the appendicular skeleton, teeth and tooth-like elements of the oropharynx, and integumentary elements." [VAO:00000035] synonym: "dermal skeletal system" RELATED [] synonym: "exoskeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "dermoskeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "desmoskeleton" RELATED [] xref: VAO:0000035 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0004053 ! part of skeleton created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:47:40Z [Term] id: XAO:0004026 name: endoskeleton def: "Skeletal system that undergoes indirect development and includes elements that develop as a replacement or substitution of other elements or tissues." [VAO:0000037] synonym: "replacement skeleton" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000037 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0004053 ! part of skeleton created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:49:15Z [Term] id: XAO:0004027 name: extracellular matrix def: "Combination of protein fibers, ground substance and tissue fluid; typically has embedded cells." [VAO:0000022] synonym: "ECM" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000022 is_a: XAO:0003162 ! acellular anatomical structure created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:52:15Z [Term] id: XAO:0004028 name: fibrocartilage def: "Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns." [VAO:0000103] xref: VAO:0000103 is_a: XAO:0000170 ! cartilage tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:54:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004029 name: hyaline cartilage tissue def: "Cartilage tissue primarily composed of type II collagen (thin fibrils) and a glassy appearance." [VAO:0000094] synonym: "hyaline cartilage" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000094 is_a: XAO:0000170 ! cartilage tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:56:37Z [Term] id: XAO:0004030 name: dense regular connective tissue def: "Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts)." [VAO:0000050] xref: VAO:0000050 is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:06:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004031 name: ligament def: "Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements or supporting an organ." [VAO:000072] xref: VAO:0000072 is_a: XAO:0004030 ! dense regular connective tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:06:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004032 name: proteinaceous extracellular matrix def: "A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity." [VAO:0000021] xref: VAO:0000021 is_a: XAO:0004027 ! extracellular matrix created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:12:13Z [Term] id: XAO:0004033 name: avascular GAG-rich matrix def: "Proteinaceous extracellular matrix that is avascular and consists primarily of glycosaminoglycans." [VAO:0000059] synonym: "cartilage-like matrix" EXACT [] synonym: "avascular glycosaminoglycan-rich matrix" EXACT [] synonym: "cartilage matrix" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000059 is_a: XAO:0004032 ! proteinaceous extracellular matrix created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:14:07Z [Term] id: XAO:0004034 name: mineralized extracellular matrix def: "Extracellular matrix that is mineralized." [VAO:0000020] xref: VAO:0000020 is_a: XAO:0004032 ! proteinaceous extracellular matrix created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:16:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004035 name: osteoid def: "Bone tissue that is an unmineralized bone matrix deposited by osteoblasts prior to the mineralization of bone tissue." [VAO:0000046] synonym: "pre-bone" EXACT [] synonym: "prebone" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000046 is_a: XAO:0004032 ! proteinaceous extracellular matrix is_a: XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:17:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004036 name: mineralized avascular GAG-rich matrix def: "Avascular GAG-rich matrix that is mineralized." [VAO:0000120] xref: VAO:0000120 is_a: XAO:0004034 ! mineralized extracellular matrix is_a: XAO:0004033 ! avascular GAG-rich matrix relationship: part_of XAO:0004055 ! part of mineralized cartilage tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:18:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0004037 name: non-mineralized avascular GAG-rich matrix def: "Avascular GAG-rich matrix that is not mineralized." [VAO:0000119] synonym: "non-mineralized cartilage" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000119 is_a: XAO:0004033 ! avascular GAG-rich matrix relationship: part_of XAO:0004043 ! part of non-mineralized cartilage tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:18:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004038 name: skeletal tissue def: "Connective tissue that functions in mechanical and structural support." [VAO:0000015] xref: VAO:0000015 is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:21:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004039 name: mineralized tissue xref: VAO:0000013 is_a: XAO:0004038 ! skeletal tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:22:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004040 name: mineralized bone tissue def: "Bone tissue mineralized with hydroxyapatite." [VAO:0000115] xref: VAO:0000115 is_a: XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue is_a: XAO:0004039 ! mineralized tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004035 ! develops from osteoid relationship: part_of XAO:0004034 ! part of mineralized extracellular matrix created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:23:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004041 name: mineralized hyaline cartilage tissue def: "Hyaline cartilage tissue that is mineralized." [VAO:0000109] xref: VAO:0000109 is_a: XAO:0004039 ! mineralized tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:25:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004042 name: muscular system xref: VAO:0000033 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of XAO:0000168 ! part of musculoskeletal system created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:28:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004043 name: non-mineralized cartilage tissue def: "Cartilage tissue that is not mineralized." [VAO:0000089] xref: VAO:0000089 is_a: XAO:0000170 ! cartilage tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:30:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004044 name: non-mineralized hyaline cartilage tissue def: "Hyaline cartilage tissue that is not mineralized." [VAO:0000108] xref: VAO:0000108 is_a: XAO:0004029 ! hyaline cartilage tissue is_a: XAO:0004043 ! non-mineralized cartilage tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:32:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004045 name: odontogenic papilla def: "Cell condensation that is a well-defined population of densely organized mesenchymal cells that aggregates adjacent to an epithelium." [VAO:0000025] synonym: "odontogenic condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "dental papilla" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000025 is_a: XAO:0004021 ! cell condensation created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:43:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004046 name: odontoid tissue def: "Skeletal tissue that is part of the exoskeleton and derived from an odontogenic papilla." [VAO:0000063] synonym: "dental tissue" RELATED [] synonym: "odontogenic tissue" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000063 is_a: XAO:0004038 ! skeletal tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004025 ! part of dermal skeleton relationship: develops_from XAO:0004045 ! develops from odontogenic papilla created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:45:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004047 name: oropharyngeal papilla def: "Odontogenic papilla located along the jaws or pharyngeal skeleton." [VAO:0000030] synonym: "oropharyngeal dental papilla" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000030 is_a: XAO:0004045 ! odontogenic papilla created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:47:31Z [Term] id: XAO:0004048 name: oropharynx xref: VAO:0000034 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:50:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004049 name: perichondrium def: "Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds cartilage." [VAO:0000036] xref: VAO:0000036 is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:52:43Z [Term] id: XAO:0004050 name: perichordal tissue def: "Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the notochord; includes a layer of elastin." [VAO:0000054] synonym: "notochord" RELATED [] synonym: "perichordal connective tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "perichordal sheath" EXACT [] synonym: "perichordal sheath tissue" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000054 is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000055 ! part of notochord created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:53:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004051 name: dentine def: "Collagen-rich odontogenic tissue characteristic of teeth and tooth-like skeletal elements (e.g., odontodes); mature dentine is mineralized and develops from predentine tissue; often (but not always) tubular and acellular." [VAO:0000069] synonym: "dental tissue" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000069 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004052 ! develops from pre-dentine created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:56:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004052 name: pre-dentine def: "Odontogenic tissue that is collagen-rich and characteristic of vertebrate teeth and tooth-like structures (e.g., odontodes) deposited by preodontoblasts and odontoblasts that are typically excluded from the matrix." [VAO:0000071] synonym: "pre-dentine tissue" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000071 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:58:05Z [Term] id: XAO:0004053 name: skeleton xref: VAO:0000026 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of XAO:0003060 ! part of skeletal system created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T09:00:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004054 name: vacuolated notochordal tissue def: "Connective tissue that is matrix-poor with large number of vacuolated cells." [VAO:0000053] synonym: "notochord proper" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000053 is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000055 ! part of notochord created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T09:02:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0004055 name: mineralized cartilage tissue def: "Cartilage tissue that is mineralized." [VAO:0000088] xref: VAO:0000088 is_a: XAO:0000170 ! cartilage tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T09:31:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004056 name: distal mesenchyme is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:22:39Z [Term] id: XAO:0004057 name: tail tip is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004062 ! part of tail fin created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:30:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0004058 name: ampullary nerve def: "Nerve that is a branch of cranial nerve VIII and innervates the cristae ampullaris." [ZFA:0005144] synonym: "neural ampulla" EXACT [] xref: ZFA:0005144 is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: part_of XAO:0003095 ! part of cranial nerve VIII created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:33:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004059 name: regenerating tissue def: "A portion of tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [ZFA:0005147] xref: ZFA:0005147 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:40:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004060 name: blastema def: "A regenerating tissue composed of a proliferative mass of undifferentiated progenitor cells from which new differentiated structures arise." [ZFA:0001270] xref: UBERON:0005306 is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:42:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004061 name: dorsal fin margin is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004063 ! part of dorsal fin relationship: part_of XAO:0000469 ! part of dorsal tail fin created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:45:04Z [Term] id: XAO:0004062 name: tail fin is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: part_of XAO:0003026 ! part of tail created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:47:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0004063 name: dorsal fin def: "The unsupported flaps of epidermis-covered, loose connective tissue extending the length of the dorsal tail muscle, originating at or near the tail-body junction, and extending posteriorly to slightly beyond the tip of the notochord and tail musculature." [ISBN:0-226-55763-4] xref: AAO:0010378 is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:57:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004064 name: ventral tail fin xref: AAO:0010204 is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:06:36Z [Term] id: XAO:0004065 name: ventral fin margin is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004064 ! part of ventral tail fin created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:08:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004066 name: vegetal endoderm is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! part of endoderm created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:12:31Z [Term] id: XAO:0004067 name: suprablastoporal endoderm is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! part of endoderm created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:14:55Z [Term] id: XAO:0004068 name: sub-blastoporal endoderm is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! part of endoderm created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:15:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0004069 name: neural crest migrating cell synonym: "neural crest migrating cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000048 ! part of neural crest created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:22:55Z [Term] id: XAO:0004070 name: hypothalamus def: "Multi-tissue structure which is part of the diencephalon ventral to the thalamus consisting of connecting fibers and is a center for control of the autonomous nervous system." [AAO:0010484] xref: UBERON:0001898 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! part of diencephalon created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:29:04Z [Term] id: XAO:0004071 name: optic chiasm def: "Decussation of cranial nerve II axons whereby some cross the midline and some remain ipsilateral." [ZFA:0000556] xref: UBERON:0000959 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! part of diencephalon created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:35:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004072 name: suprachiasmatic nucleus def: "Diencephalic nucleus that is part of the preoptic area and is ventrolateral to the caudal parvocellular preoptic nucleus." [ZFA:0000441] xref: ZFA:0000441 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! part of diencephalon created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:41:40Z [Term] id: XAO:0004073 name: olfactory pit xref: ZFA:0000130 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! starts during NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! part of olfactory system relationship: end_stage XAO:1000062 ! ends during NF stage 50 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:52:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004074 name: intersomitic region synonym: "intersomitic junction" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T12:21:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0004075 name: intersomitic vessel synonym: "intersomitic blood vessel" EXACT [] xref: ZFA:0001285 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! part of circulatory system relationship: part_of XAO:0004074 ! part of intersomitic region created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T12:25:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0004076 name: intersomitic tendon is_a: XAO:0000173 ! tendon relationship: part_of XAO:0004074 ! part of intersomitic region created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T12:28:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004077 name: intersomitic epithelium synonym: "intersomitic membrane" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: part_of XAO:0004074 ! part of intersomitic region created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T12:31:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004078 name: intersomitic neuron is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: part_of XAO:0004074 ! part of intersomitic region created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T12:34:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004079 name: rhombomere def: "Any of the 5 sequential sections of developing hindbrain, all are posterior to the midbrain-hindbrain boundary." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "rhombomeres" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001892 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! part of hindbrain created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T01:19:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004080 name: rhombomere R2 def: "The 2nd, most anterior segment of the developing hindbrain, and along with r3, is dorsal to brancial arch 1." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "r2" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 2" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005569 is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:00:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004081 name: rhombomere R3 def: "The 3rd segment of the developing hindbrain, between r2 and r4 rhombomeres, and along with r2, is dorsal to branchial arch 1." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "r3" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 3" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005507 is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:04:40Z [Term] id: XAO:0004082 name: rhombomere R4 def: "The 4th segment of the developing hindbrain, between r3 and r5 rhomomeres and dorsal to branchial arch 2." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "r4" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 4" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005511 is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:06:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004083 name: rhombomere R5 def: "The 5th segment of the developing hindbrain, bewteen r4 and r6, and dorsal to branchial arch 3." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "r5" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 5" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005515 is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:08:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004084 name: rhombomere R6 def: "The 6th and most posterior segment of the developing hindbrain, directly bordering the midbrain-hindbrain boundary, and dorsal to branchial arch 4." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "rhombomere 6" EXACT [] synonym: "r6" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005519 is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:09:39Z [Term] id: XAO:0004085 name: ionocyte def: "Specialized epithelial cells involved in the maintenance of osmotic homeostasis. They are characterized by abundant mitochondria and ion transporters." [CL:0005006] xref: CL:0005006 is_a: XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:12:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0004086 name: presumptive midbrain-hindbrain boundary xref: ZFA:0001187 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! starts during NF stage 13 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000037 ! ends during NF stage 21 relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! part of central nervous system created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:24:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004087 name: neural fold def: "One of the two edges of the neural groove." [GO:0001842] xref: UBERON:0005062 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:42:38Z [Term] id: XAO:0004088 name: animal pole is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:18:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004089 name: periocular region synonym: "periocular mesenchyme" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:20:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004090 name: optic field def: "Portion of tissue that is part of the anterior neural plate and will form the optic vesicle." [ZFA:0000570] synonym: "optic primordium" RELATED [] xref: ZFA:0000570 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000045 ! part of pre-chordal neural plate created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:24:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004091 name: non-neural ectoderm xref: UBERON:0005497 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! part of ectoderm created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:28:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004092 name: preplacodal ectoderm def: "The field of naive ectoderm at the anterior of the neural stage embryo. It is positioned at the border between the future epidermis and the anterior neural plate/neural crest forming regions and is subdivided into 2 distinct domains: the anterior placodal region which is anterior to the neural plate, and the posterior placodal area which is lateral to the neural crest." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "PPE" EXACT [] synonym: "pre-placodal ectoderm" EXACT [] xref: ZFA:0007013 is_a: XAO:0004091 ! non-neural ectoderm created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:30:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004093 name: profundal placode def: "An embryonic structure positioned halfway between the prospective eye and ear, adjacent to the future midbrain-hindbrain boundary. The profundal and the trigeminal ganglia are separate distally but fused at their proximal end as they condense around NF stage 24." [PMID:21452441] synonym: "profundus placode" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! part of neuroectoderm created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:36:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004094 name: lens epithelium def: "Epithelium which borders the anterior and equitorial region of the lens. Lens growth occurs via the differentiation of additional fibre cells from lens epithelial cells." [ZFA:0001326] xref: ZFA:0001326 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: part_of XAO:0000008 ! part of lens created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:40:12Z [Term] id: XAO:0004095 name: lens transitional zone is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000008 ! part of lens created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:43:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004096 name: lens fiber cell mass def: "Portion of tissue comprising fibers that form the bulk of the lens. They are long, thin, transparent cells." [UBERON:0002444] synonym: "lens fiber cells" RELATED [] synonym: "lens fiber" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002444 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000008 ! part of lens created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:45:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0004097 name: horizontal cell def: "A neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina." [CL:0000745] synonym: "horizontal neuron" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000745 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:58:01Z [Term] id: XAO:0004098 name: bipolar neuron def: "A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body." [CL:0000103] synonym: "bipolar cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000103 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T04:01:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004099 name: amacrine cell def: "Interneuron of the retina. They integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer. They lack large axons." [CL:0000561] synonym: "amacrine neuron" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000561 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! part of retinal neural layer created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T04:06:40Z [Term] id: XAO:0004100 name: retinal ganglion cell def: "Type of neuron that receives neural inputs via bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells. The axons of these cells make up the optic nerve." [CL:0000740] xref: CL:0000740 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: part_of XAO:0003223 ! part of retinal ganglion cell layer created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T04:08:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004101 name: optic tract def: "Diencephalic white matter (tract) which is comprised of retinal ganglion cell axons after which they have passed through the optic chiasm." [UBERON:0001908] xref: UBERON:0001908 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! part of diencephalon created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T09:25:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004102 name: pre-chordal neural plate border synonym: "anterior neural plate border" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000045 ! part of pre-chordal neural plate relationship: part_of XAO:0004104 ! part of neural plate border created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T09:47:05Z [Term] id: XAO:0004103 name: chordal neural plate border is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000046 ! part of chordal neural plate relationship: part_of XAO:0004104 ! part of neural plate border created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T09:47:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004104 name: neural plate border def: "The boundary between non-neural ectoderm and the neural plate of neural stage embryos, and give rise to the neural crest and cranial placodes." [ISBN:0878933840] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! part of neural plate created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T09:49:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004105 name: pronephric tubule def: "Any of bilaterally paired tubes connecting the pronephric glomeruli to the pronephric ducts." [ZFA:0001558] xref: ZFA:0001558 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000285 ! part of pronephric nephron created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T09:56:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004106 name: regenerating forelimb def: "A portion of forelimb tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "forelimb" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! part of blastema created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:02:27Z [Term] id: XAO:0004107 name: regenerating hind limb def: "A portion of hind limb tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "hind limb" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! part of blastema created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:02:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004108 name: regenerating tail def: "A portion of tail tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "tail" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! part of blastema created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:03:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004109 name: regenerating eye def: "A portion of eye tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "eye" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! part of blastema created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:03:22Z [Term] id: XAO:0004110 name: eye photoreceptor cell xref: CL:0000287 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0003215 ! part of photoreceptor layer created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:17:43Z [Term] id: XAO:0004111 name: retinal cone cell def: "One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision." [CL:0000573] synonym: "cone photoreceptor cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000573 is_a: XAO:0004110 ! eye photoreceptor cell created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:19:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004112 name: retinal rod cell def: "One of the two photoreceptor cell types of the retina. In rods the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane. Rods are more sensitive to light than cones, but rod mediated vision has less spatial and temporal resolution than cone vision." [CL:0000604] synonym: "rod photoreceptor cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000604 is_a: XAO:0004110 ! eye photoreceptor cell created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:22:13Z [Term] id: XAO:0004113 name: vegetal pole is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:25:07Z [Term] id: XAO:0004114 name: stage I oocyte def: "The developing female gamete of the pre-vitellogenic stage." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "pre-vitellogenic oocyte" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:27:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004115 name: stage II oocyte def: "The developing female gamete of the early vitellogenic stage." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "early vitellogenic oocyte" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:28:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004116 name: stage III oocyte def: "The developing female gamete of the mid-vitellogenic stage." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "mid-vitellogenic oocyte" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:30:01Z [Term] id: XAO:0004117 name: stage IV oocyte def: "The stage in the developing female gamete where polarization along the animal-vegetal axis is established." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:30:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004118 name: stage V oocyte synonym: "late vitellogenic oocyte" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:31:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004119 name: stage VI oocyte synonym: "post-vitellogenic oocyte" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:32:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0004120 name: cardiac jelly def: "A sheet of extracellular matrix that separates the outer myocardial cell layer from the inner endocardial tube in the early embryonic heart. As the heart is going through the looping stages, this extracellular matrix/cardiac jelly starts to thicken in two regions, the atrioventricular canal region and the ventricular outflow tract region. These two discrete swellings of cardiac jelly are known as cardiac cushions. The cardiac jelly plays a central role in the septation of the heart and comprises most of the thickness of the heart wall at early stages, but disappears as the heart differentiates." [PMID:19890915] xref: UBERON:0003906 is_a: XAO:0004027 ! extracellular matrix relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:49:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004121 name: apical ectodermal ridge def: "The apical ectodermal ridge is a thickened layer of ectodermal cells at the distal tip of a developing limb bud. Along with the zone of polarizing activity, it is a crucial organizing region during limb development." [WIKI:Apical_ectodermal_ridge] synonym: "AER" EXACT [] synonym: "apical epidermal ridge" EXACT [] synonym: "epidermal ridge" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010760 is_a: XAO:0004122 ! proliferative region relationship: part_of XAO:0003161 ! part of limb bud created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:53:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0004122 name: proliferative region def: "Anatomical cluster which consists of rapidly dividing cells." [ZFA:0000098] xref: ZFA:0000098 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:57:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004123 name: atrioventricular canal def: "The part of the heart connecting the atrium to the cardiac ventricle." [PMID:10644411, ZFA:0001315] synonym: "AV canal" EXACT [] xref: ZFA:0001315 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:16:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004124 name: atrioventricular canal endocardium def: "Endocardium that is part of the atrioventricular canal." [PMID:10644411, ZFA:0001616] xref: ZFA:0001616 is_a: XAO:0000066 ! endocardium relationship: part_of XAO:0004123 ! part of atrioventricular canal created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:19:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004125 name: atrioventricular valve leaflet synonym: "atrioventricular valve leaflets" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:20:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004126 name: cardiac valve def: "Portion of tissue that prevents regurgitation of blood from the ventricles to the atria or from the pulmonary arteries or aorta to the ventricles." [UBERON:0000946] synonym: "heart valve " RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000946 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:22:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0004127 name: geniohyoideus def: "One of the 3 hypaxial muscles." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003228 ! hypaxial muscle created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:33:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004128 name: rectus abdominus def: "One of the 3 hypaxial muscles." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003228 ! hypaxial muscle created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:34:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0004129 name: rectus cervicus def: "One of the 3 hypaxial muscles." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003228 ! hypaxial muscle created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:34:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004130 name: auditory hair cell def: "A mechanoreceptor cell located in the inner ear that is sensitive to auditory stimuli. The accessory sensory structures are arranged so that appropriate stimuli cause movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system." [CL:0000202] xref: CL:0000202 is_a: XAO:0004138 ! sensory epithelial cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:41:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004131 name: horizontal crista def: "A horizontal patch of cristae/sensory epithelia cells of the inner ear." [PMID:20201105] is_a: XAO:0004138 ! sensory epithelial cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:44:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004132 name: presumptive ectoderm def: "Presumptive structure at the animal pole of the blastula that will develop into ectoderm." [UBERON:0006601] xref: UBERON:0006601 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! part of ectoderm created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T08:59:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004133 name: posterior crista def: "A posterior patch of cristae/sensory epithelia cells of the inner ear." [PMID:20201105] xref: UBERON:0007275 is_a: XAO:0004138 ! sensory epithelial cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:03:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004134 name: presumptive paraxial mesoderm def: "Presumptive structure that will develop into paraxial mesoderm." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: UBERON:0007285 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:08:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0004135 name: rhombic lip def: "The interface between the dorsal neuroepithelium and the roof plate of the fourth ventricle. The source of a number of migratory neuron populations of the hindbrain." [UBERON:0006215] xref: UBERON:0006215 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! part of hindbrain created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:25:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004136 name: saccular macula def: "Portion of tissue that is a patch of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium in the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. The macula saccule senses linear acceleration and gravity." [PMID:20201105] xref: UBERON:0002212 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:31:03Z [Term] id: XAO:0004137 name: anterior crista def: "Anterior patch of cristae/sensory epithelia cells of the inner ear." [PMID:20201105] synonym: "anterior cristae" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: ZFA:0000619 is_a: XAO:0004138 ! sensory epithelial cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:42:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004138 name: sensory epithelial cell def: "A specialized epithelial cell involved in sensory perception. Restricted to special sense organs of the olfactory, gustatory, and vestibuloauditory systems; contain sensory cells surrounded by supportive, non-receptive cells." [CL:0000098] xref: CL:0000098 is_a: XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:52:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0004139 name: outflow tract def: "The portion of the heart through which blood flows into the pulmocutaneous and systemic arteries. In Xenopus the outflow tract is derived from cardiac precusor cells of the secondary heart field, and septation is incomplete." [PMID:10644411, PMID:20671188, UBERON:0004145] xref: UBERON:0004145 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T10:12:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004140 name: ventricular outflow tract def: "A portion of either the left ventricle or right ventricle of the heart through which blood passes in order to enter the great arteries. The right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is an infundibular extension of the ventricular cavity which connects to the pulmonary artery. The left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), which connects to the aorta, is nearly indistinguishable from the rest of the ventricle." [PMID:10644411, UBERON:0005337] xref: UBERON:0005337 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0004139 ! part of outflow tract created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T10:17:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004141 name: spiral septum def: "The thin, spiral-shaped membranous structure within the ventricular outflow tract of the heart." [PMID:10644411] synonym: "spiral septa" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0002099 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004140 ! part of ventricular outflow tract created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T10:22:27Z [Term] id: XAO:0004142 name: vestibulocochlear ganglion def: "Ganglion which provides afferent innervation for hair cells associated with both the auditory and vestibular components of the inner ear. As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII." [PMID:21452441] synonym: "statoacoustic (VIII) ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "statoacoustic ganglion" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002827 is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: end_stage XAO:1000093 ! ends during adult frog relationship: part_of XAO:0003095 ! part of cranial nerve VIII relationship: develops_from XAO:0000223 ! develops from otic placode relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! starts during NF stage 21 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T10:41:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004143 name: vascular plexus def: "Any network of intercommunicating blood vessels." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] xref: UBERON:0005629 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T10:59:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004144 name: anterior ventral blood island def: "Region that is overlapping, anterior, and dorsal to the main body of the ventral blood island." [PMID:21069823] synonym: "blood island" BROAD [] synonym: "aVBI" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! part of hematological system created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T11:20:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0004145 name: vestibular apparatus relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! part of inner ear created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T11:46:49Z [Term] id: XAO:0004146 name: hemangioblast def: "A pluripotent cell in the ventral blood island that can give rise to mesenchymal cells including erythrocytes and endothelial cells." [PMID:11495698] xref: CL:0002418 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! part of hematological system created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T10:27:52Z [Term] id: XAO:0004147 name: vitelline vein def: "One of two veins that run upward at first in front, and subsequently on either side of the intestinal canal. They unite on the ventral aspect of the canal, and beyond this are connected to one another by two anastomotic branches, one on the dorsal, and the other on the ventral aspect of the duodenal portion of the intestine, which is thus encircled by two venous rings; into the middle or dorsal anastomosis the superior mesenteric vein opens. The portions of the veins above the upper ring become interrupted by the developing liver and broken up by it into a plexus of small capillary-like vessels termed sinusoids." [UBERON:0005487] synonym: "vascular vitelline network" EXACT [] synonym: "vitelline veins" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0005487 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0004144 ! develops from anterior ventral blood island created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T10:36:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004148 name: myeloid cell def: "A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage." [CL:0000763] xref: CL:0000763 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! part of hematological system created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T10:44:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0004149 name: endothelial cell def: "An endothelial cell comprises the outermost layer or lining of anatomical structures and can be squamous or cuboidal." [CL:0000115] xref: CL:0000115 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000356 ! part of vascular endothelium created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T10:48:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004150 name: erythroid cell def: "A immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to and including erythrocytes." [CL:0000764] synonym: "erythroid lineage cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000764 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! part of hematological system created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T10:53:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004151 name: tail vasculature def: "Posterior vascular precursor cells of the tail region." [PMID:21069823] xref: ZFA:0005037 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of XAO:0000087 ! part of tail region created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:01:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004152 name: head vasculature def: "Blood vessels of the head region." [PMID:21069823] xref: ZFA:0001267 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of XAO:0000040 ! part of head region created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:05:38Z [Term] id: XAO:0004153 name: retinal blood vessel def: "Blood vessels of the retina. May be visible in periocular stainings." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "retinal blood vessels" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! part of head vasculature created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:39:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004154 name: hyaloid blood vessel def: "Vessels that are associated with the posterior region of the lens." [ZFA:0005046] synonym: "hyaloid vessel" EXACT [] synonym: "hyaloid vessels" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "hyaloid blood vessels" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0005492 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! part of head vasculature created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:43:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004155 name: hyaloid artery def: "The hyaloid artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery, which is itself a branch of the internal carotid artery. It is contained within the optic stalk of the eye and extends from the optic disc through the vitreous humor to the lens. Its purpose is to supply nutrient to the developing lens." [UBERON:0002270] xref: UBERON:0002270 is_a: XAO:0004154 ! hyaloid blood vessel created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:47:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004156 name: hyaloid vein def: "Vein internal to the eye." [UBERON:006011] xref: UBERON:0006011 is_a: XAO:0004154 ! hyaloid blood vessel created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:51:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0004157 name: hyaloid vascular plexus xref: UBERON:0005607 is_a: XAO:0004154 ! hyaloid blood vessel created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:53:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0004158 name: anterior cerebral vein def: "The anterior cerebral veins cross the head dorsally at NF stage 37-38. It drains into the vena capitis medialis." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0001672 is_a: XAO:0004160 ! cerebral vein relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T12:00:30Z [Term] id: XAO:0004159 name: posterior cerebral vein def: "Vein that drains the dorsal longitudinal vessel and the caudal portions of the venous capillary network of the medulla oblongata. The cerebral veins cross the head dorsally at NF stage 37-38. It drains into the vena capitis lateralis." [PMID:12606281, ZFA:0005027] xref: ZFA:0005027 is_a: XAO:0004160 ! cerebral vein relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T12:13:01Z [Term] id: XAO:0004160 name: cerebral vein def: "The cerebral veins are divisible into external and internal groups according to the outer surfaces or the inner parts of the hemispheres they drain into. The veins are the anterior cerebral veins, posterior cerebral veins, and middle cerebral vein which cross dorsally between the bilateral vena capitis lateralis." [UBERON:001663] xref: UBERON:0001663 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T12:16:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004161 name: middle cerebral vein def: "The middle cerebral veins cross the head dorsally at NF stage 37-38. It drains into the vena capitis lateralis." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "mid-cerebral vein" EXACT [] synonym: "mid cerebral vein" EXACT [] xref: ZFA:0005010 is_a: XAO:0004160 ! cerebral vein relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T12:23:07Z [Term] id: XAO:0004162 name: pulmonary artery def: "The pulmonary arteries carry blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries that carry deoxygenated blood. Develops from aortic arch 6 in Xenopus." [UBERON:0002012] xref: AAO:0010221 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000353 ! develops from aortic arch 6 relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! part of circulatory system created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T01:59:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004163 name: angioblast def: "A mesenchymal stem cell capable of developing into blood vessel endothelium." [CL:0000566] synonym: "angioblasts" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000566 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T02:11:31Z [Term] id: XAO:0004164 name: intersomitic vein def: "Veins that sprout from the posterior cardinal vein, growing dorsally between the somites, and will join, and drain the dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0004075 ! intersomitic vessel created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T02:26:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004165 name: intersomitic artery def: "The small branching sprouts of the dorsal aorta that grow across the medial surface of the somite, turn right angles to grow over that surface and then fuse with other sprouts and form the vertebral arteries adjacent to the neural tube; the intersomitic arteries supply the body wall and persist in the adult as the posterior intercostal, subcostal and the lumbar arteries." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0006001 is_a: XAO:0004075 ! intersomitic vessel created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T02:29:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0004166 name: left omphalomesenteric vein def: "In the trunk region, the subintestinal vein drains into the omphalomesenteric veins, which breaks up to merge with the vitelline network at NF stage 40." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000376 ! omphalomesenteric vein relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! part of circulatory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! starts during NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! ends during NF stage 40 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T10:32:04Z [Term] id: XAO:0004167 name: metencephalic artery def: "The artery that crosses the brain dorsally, and meets the metencephalic vein." [PMID:12606281] xref: ZFA:0005084 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T10:38:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004168 name: metencephalic vein def: "The vein that crosses the brain dorsally, parallel with the mid-cerebral vein, and meets the metencephalic artery." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T10:43:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004169 name: ophthalmic vein def: "The dorsal branch/remnant of the vena capitis medialis, that drains blood from the eye. Together with the opthalmic artery, form a double ring encircling the eye and retina." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: part_of XAO:0004170 ! part of vena capitas medialis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! starts during NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! part of circulatory system created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T11:03:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004170 name: vena capitas medialis def: "One of the major dorsal head veins which drains into the anterior cardinal vein, the other being the vena capitas lateralis." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "VCM" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! starts during NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! part of head vasculature created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T11:14:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004171 name: vena capitas lateralis def: "One of the major dorsal head veins which drains into the anterior cardinal vein, the other being the vena capitas medialis." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! part of head vasculature created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T11:22:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004172 name: subintestinal vein def: "The subintestinal vein is formed from and drains into the left omphalomesentric vein, and by NF stage 40, it is on the left side of the gut. It moves to the most ventral aspect of the gut during NFstage 41, and is on the right side of the gut by NF stage43." [PMID:12606281] xref: ZFA:0005035 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: part_of XAO:0004151 ! part of tail vasculature relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! part of circulatory system created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T11:24:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004173 name: mesencephalic artery def: "The major artery of the midbrain, which crosses the midbrain medially to meet it's partner the mesencephalic vein." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0001634 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! starts during NF stage 45 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T12:02:13Z [Term] id: XAO:0004174 name: mesencephalic vein def: "The major vein of the midbrain, which crosses the midbrain medially to meet it's partner the mesencephalic artery." [PMID:12606281] xref: ZFA:0005092 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T12:04:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004175 name: nasociliary artery def: "The main artery of the olfactory region which arises from the cerebral artery at NF stage 41." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! starts during NF stage 41 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T12:13:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004176 name: choroidal vascular plexus def: "A plexus of capillaries that is visible anteromedial to the eye. The choroid is the vascular layer of the eye, containing connective tissue, and lying between the retina and the sclera. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "optic choroid vascular plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "" RELATED [] synonym: "capillary lamina of choroid or choriocapillaris" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004143 ! vascular plexus relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! part of head vasculature created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T12:26:08Z [Term] id: XAO:0004177 name: dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel def: "Intersomitc vessels enter the dlav in a regular pattern at each intersomitic junction. Posterior to the gut, the dlav drains into the fused posterior cardinal vein by a minor right branch and a major left branch. By NF stage 36 the dlav extends fully to the tip of the tail." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "DLAV" EXACT [] xref: ZFA:0005025 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! ends during NF stage 66 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T01:27:30Z [Term] id: XAO:0004178 name: dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel- left branch def: "The major (left ) branch of the dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel (dlav), remains as the sole branch after the right branch breaks up at stage 44." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "DLAV - left branch" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004177 ! dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! ends during NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T01:33:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004179 name: dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel- right branch def: "The minor (right) branch of the dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel (dlav), the right branch disappears during NF stage 44." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "DLAV - right branch" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004177 ! dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! starts during NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000057 ! ends during NF stage 45 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T01:38:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004180 name: olfactory bulb def: "Part of the telencephalon, comprised of paired anterior outgrowths of either of the cerebral hemispheres in which the olfactory nerve exits. In Xenopus,the olfactory bulbs begin to fuse at NF stage 50, fusion is complete around NF stage 58. The cerebral vein loops around the olfactory bulb by NF stage 43." [AAO:0010165, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "olfactory lobe" RELATED [] synonym: "bulbus olfactorius" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002264 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of XAO:0000012 ! part of telencephalon relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! part of olfactory system created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T02:08:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004181 name: cardiomyocyte def: "The cells that comprise cardiac muscle, specificially the myocardium." [CL:0000193, ZFA:0009316] synonym: "cardiac muscle cell" EXACT [] synonym: "cardiac muscle cells" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "cardiac myocytes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000193 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T09:18:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004182 name: pericardium def: "The outer membrane/wall of the developing heart, surrounding the myocardium. Peritoneum that surrounds the heart." [AAO:0010817] xref: AAO:0010817 is_a: XAO:0000139 ! peritoneum relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! part of cardiovascular system relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T09:40:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004183 name: pericardial muscle def: "Muscle which is paired and runs anterio-posteriorly along the heart and is covered with epicardium." [ZFA:0001653] xref: ZFA:0001653 is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! part of cardiovascular system relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T09:46:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004184 name: pericardial roof def: "The dorsal region of the pericardium." [PMID:18598690] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T10:01:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0004185 name: primary heart field def: "The field of cardiac progenitor cells that form the heart tube in the embryonic heart." [PMID:18598690, PMID:20671188] synonym: "PHF" RELATED [] synonym: "first heart field" EXACT [] synonym: "FHF" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004140 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000048 ! ends during NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! starts during NF stage 25 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T10:49:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0004186 name: secondary heart field def: "The population of cells located in the splanchnic mesoderm that contribute to the formation of the spiral septum of the outflow tract of the embryonic heart, it is located anterior to the primary heart field." [PMID:18598690, PMID:20671188] synonym: "second heart field" EXACT [] synonym: "SHF" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000048 ! ends during NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! starts during NF stage 25 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T10:56:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004187 name: anterior branchial crest def: "The most anterior of the migrating cranial neural crest streams, running along the posterior edge of the eye primordium, below the eye and to the border of the cement gland." [PMID:21490068] is_a: XAO:0000026 ! branchial crest created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T11:14:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004188 name: posterior branchial crest def: "The second most anterior of the migrating cranial neural crests streams." [PMID:21490068] is_a: XAO:0000026 ! branchial crest created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T11:18:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004189 name: endocardial cushion def: "The discrete swellings of cardiac jelly in the outflow tract and ventricular walls of the developing embryonic heart." [PMID:21490068] synonym: "cardiac cushion" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002062 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0000066 ! part of endocardium relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! part of heart created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T02:17:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004190 name: cardiac neural crest def: "The most anterior of 5 distinct and partially overlapping functional domains of the premigratory neural crest. In Xenopus, CNC cells migrate in four highly conserved streams: mandibular crest, hyoid crest and the anterior and posterior branchial crest." [PMID:21490068] xref: UBERON:0000095 is_a: XAO:0000048 ! neural crest created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T02:35:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0004191 name: vagal neural crest def: "One of the 5 distinct and partially overlapping functional domains of the premigratory neural crest. The vagal and sacral neural crest cells develop into the ganglia of the enteric nervous system, also known as the parasympathetic ganglia." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "VNC" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005428 is_a: XAO:0000048 ! neural crest created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T02:50:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004192 name: sacral neural crest def: "One of the 5 distinct and partially overlapping functional domains of the premigratory neural crest. The vagal and sacral neural crest cells develop into the ganglia of the enteric nervous system, also known as the parasympathetic ganglia." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0000048 ! neural crest created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T02:53:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004193 name: ossicle def: "Skeletal element that is often isolated, small, and is usually ossified." [VAO:0000132] xref: VAO:0000132 is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:36:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0004194 name: appendicular ossicle xref: VAO:0000131 is_a: XAO:0004193 ! ossicle created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:38:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004195 name: cellular bone tissue def: "Mineralized bone tissue that always includes non-terminally differentiated osteoblasts and osteocytes." [VAO:0000118] xref: VAO:0000118 is_a: XAO:0004040 ! mineralized bone tissue created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:43:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004196 name: cementum def: "Odontoid tissue that is deposited by cementoblasts onto dentine tissue and functions to attach teeth, odontodes and other odontogenic derivatives to bone tissue and the integument." [VAO:0000062] synonym: "bone of attachment" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000062 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:46:43Z [Term] id: XAO:0004197 name: elastic cartilage tissue def: "Cartilage tissue that is flexible and contains abundant elastic fibers." [VAO:0000091] xref: VAO:0000091 is_a: XAO:0004044 ! non-mineralized hyaline cartilage tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004022 ! develops from chondrogenic condensation created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:48:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004198 name: enamel def: "Skeletal tissue that consists of an avascular, noncollagenous, hypermineralized matrix that is deposited by ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enamel develops from organic pre-enamel tissue that is replaced by a largely inorganic matrix." [VAO:0000065] synonym: "enamel tissue" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000065 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004202 ! develops from pre-enamel created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:51:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0004199 name: enameloid def: "Skeletal tissue that is hypermineralized and aprismatic and deposited by a combination of ameloblasts and odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enameloid develops from pre-enameloid tissue." [VAO:0000113] synonym: "enameloid tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "vitrodentine" EXACT [] synonym: "durodentine" RELATED [] synonym: "bitypic enamel" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000113 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004203 ! develops from pre-enameloid created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:56:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004200 name: non-mineralized chondroid tissue xref: VAO:0000077 is_a: XAO:0004038 ! skeletal tissue created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:59:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004201 name: odontode tissue def: "Skeletal tissue that is avascular tubular mineralized matrix, primarily made of dentine that is deposited by odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix; develops from pre-dentine tissue." [VAO:0000123] synonym: "dental tissue" RELATED [] xref: VAO:0000123 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004052 ! develops from pre-dentine created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T10:00:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004202 name: pre-enamel def: "Odontogenic tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by preameloblast and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix." [VAO:0000066] synonym: "pre-enamel tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "preenamel tissue" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000066 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T10:08:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004203 name: pre-enameloid def: "Odontoid tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by odontoblasts and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix." [VAO:0000114] synonym: "non-mineralized enameloid tissue" EXACT [] xref: VAO:0000114 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T10:15:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004204 name: sesamoid def: "Replacement element; an ossicle; often an endochondral replacement element that has cartilage and bone states that develops in dense regular connective tissue (e.g., tendons and ligaments)." [VAO:0000137] xref: VAO:0000137 is_a: XAO:0004193 ! ossicle created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T10:23:39Z [Term] id: XAO:0004205 name: gall bladder primordium def: "A sac-like cavity ventral to the liver, lying in the sub-mesodermal space and closed by a thin sheet of ectodermal cells, from which the future gall bladder develops." [ISBN:0815318960] xref: UBERON:0006242 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! starts during NF stage 28 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! ends during NF stage 40 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T01:15:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004206 name: anterior placodal area def: "One of the 2 subregions of the pre-placodal ectoderm, which lies abutting and anterior to the neural plate." [ISBN:0878933840] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004092 ! part of preplacodal ectoderm created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T01:29:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004207 name: posterior placodal area def: "One of the 2 subregions of the pre-placodal ectoderm, which lies abutting and lateral to the neural crest." [ISBN:0878933840] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004092 ! part of preplacodal ectoderm created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T01:40:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004208 name: adenohypophyseal placode def: "The small pre-placodal ectoderm area that develops at the midline of the anterior neural ridge, abutting the anterior neural plate, and invagintes to form Rathe's pouch, which in turn forms the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and gives rise to the endocrine secretory cells of the pituitary." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "pituitary placode" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0004091 ! part of non-neural ectoderm created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T01:47:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004209 name: anterior neural ridge def: "The region that delineates the rostral boundary of the neural plate in the neural stage embryo, and is devoid of neural crest cells. It gives rise to olfactory placodes, some elements of the forebrain, and the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland." [ISBN:0878933840] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T02:26:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0004210 name: infundibulum def: "The region of the diencephalon above Rathke's pouch, and forms the posterior lobe of the pituitary." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] synonym: "hypophysial stalk" EXACT [] synonym: "infundibulum of hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "pituitary stalk" EXACT [] xref: ZFA:0001199 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T02:33:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004211 name: facial epibranchial placode def: "The most anterior of the epibranchial placodes, associated with the 1st pharyngeal cleft and it contributes to the distal ganglia of cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "geniculate placode" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000284 ! epibranchial placode created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T09:21:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0004212 name: glossopharyngeal epibranchial placode def: "The central of the three epibranchial placodes, associated with the 2nd pharyngeal cleft and it contributes to the distal ganglia of cranial nerve XI (glossopharyngeal nerve)." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "petrosal placode" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000284 ! epibranchial placode created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T09:25:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0004213 name: vagal epibranchial placode def: "The most posterior of the epibranchial placodes, in Xenopus in 3 distinct zones, associated with the 3rd -6th pharyngeal clefts, and contributing to the facial, lateral line and glossopharyngeal ganglion." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "nodose placode" EXACT [] synonym: "vagal epibranchial placodes" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "nodose placodes" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0000284 ! epibranchial placode created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T09:36:07Z [Term] id: XAO:0004214 name: cranial nerve XI def: "A small motor nerve which emerges from the lateral wall of the medulla with the roots of the vagus nerve, and innervates a single pectoral suspensory muscle, the m.cucullaris." [ISBN:080184780X] synonym: "Accessory nerve" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T10:03:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004215 name: cranial nerve XII def: "This nerve leads to the muscles of the tongue, and has both sensory and motor functions." [ISBN:080184780X] synonym: "Hypoglossal nerve" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cephalic nerve created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T10:07:12Z [Term] id: XAO:0004216 name: glomeral nexus def: "The narrow bridge that links the two glomera of the pronephric kidney." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! portion of tissue relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! part of pronephric kidney created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T10:38:02Z [Term] id: XAO:1000000 name: Xenopus developmental stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage [Term] id: XAO:1000001 name: NF stage 1 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 1; age 0 hr; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: One cell stage, shortly after fertilization. Pigmentation darker ventrally than dorsally. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "zygote" RELATED [] xref: ZFS:0000001 is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage [Term] id: XAO:1000002 name: early tailbud namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stages from Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 22 to stage 28." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000007 ! tailbud stage [Term] id: XAO:1000003 name: blastula namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stages from 64-cell embryo to Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 9, during which the solid morula acquires an internal cavity." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage [Term] id: XAO:1000004 name: cleavage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stages from 2-cell to 64-cell embryo, during which the zygote undergoes synchronous divisions into 2, 4, 8, 16, etc. blastomeres." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage [Term] id: XAO:1000005 name: gastrula namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stages from Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 10 to stage 12.5, during which gastrulation takes place, with a proportion of cells migrating below the surface of the embryo to form two inner layers (endoderm and mesoderm) and the cells which remain outside spreading over the whole surface of the embryo to form the ectoderm." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage [Term] id: XAO:1000006 name: neurula namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stages from Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 13 to stage 21, during which the future nervous system appears as a thickened plate in dorsal ectoderm, the plate then rolling up at its sides to form a tube." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage [Term] id: XAO:1000007 name: tailbud stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Any of the developmental stages from Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 20 to stage 44 (feeding), including the beginning of hatching (NF stage 35/36)." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage [Term] id: XAO:1000008 name: tadpole namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stages from feeding to the end of metamorphosis. Encompasses Weisz's first-form tadpole (equivalent to NF stages 45 to 49), second-form tadpole (NF 49 to 56) and third-form tadpole (NF 56 to 60-plus) stages." [ISBN:0471209627, ISSN:0003-276X] synonym: "larva" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage [Term] id: XAO:1000009 name: frog namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stage of being a fully formed animal." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage [Term] id: XAO:1000010 name: juvenile frog namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stage of being a sexually immature adult animal." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:1000009 ! frog relationship: part_of XAO:1000093 ! part of adult frog relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000078 ! preceded by NF stage 66 [Term] id: XAO:1000011 name: NF stage 2 (2-cell) namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 2; age 1 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Advanced two cell stage. First cleavage groove has reached vegetal pole. Ventral side of blastomeres darker than dorsal side. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "2-cell stage" EXACT [] xref: ZFS:0000002 relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! part of cleavage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000028 ! preceded by NF stage 2- [Term] id: XAO:1000012 name: embryonic stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Any of the developmental stages from fertilization to feeding." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage [Term] id: XAO:1000013 name: NF stage 3 (4-cell) namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 3; age 2 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Advanced four-cell stage. Second cleavage groove has reached vegetal pole. In animal view dorsal blastomeres usually smaller than ventral ones; the latter darker than the former. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "4-cell stage" EXACT [] xref: ZFS:0000003 relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! part of cleavage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000011 ! preceded by NF stage 2 (2-cell) [Term] id: XAO:1000014 name: NF stage 4 (8-cell) namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 4; age 2 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Advanced eight cell stage. Dorsal micro- and macromeres usually smaller than ventral ones; dorsal micromeres less pigmented than ventral ones. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "8-cell stage" EXACT [] xref: ZFS:0000004 relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000013 ! preceded by NF stage 3 (4-cell) relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! part of cleavage [Term] id: XAO:1000015 name: NF stage 5 (16-cell) namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 5; age 2 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Advanced sixteen cell stage. Dorsal micromeres distinctly smaller and less pigmented than ventral ones. Macromeres entirely separated by cleavage grooves. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "16-cell stage" EXACT [] xref: ZFS:0000005 relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! part of cleavage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000014 ! preceded by NF stage 4 (8-cell) [Term] id: XAO:1000016 name: NF stage 6 (32-cell) namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 6; age 3 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Advanced thirty-two cell stage. Distinction between dorsal and ventral micromeres as in preceding stage. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "32-cell stage" EXACT [] xref: ZFS:0000006 relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! part of cleavage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000015 ! preceded by NF stage 5 (16-cell) [Term] id: XAO:1000017 name: NF stage 7 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 7, 64-cell embryo; age 4 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Large-cell blastula stage. In animal view about 10 micromeres along meridian. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "64-cell stage" EXACT [] xref: ZFS:0000007 relationship: part_of XAO:1000003 ! part of blastula relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000029 ! preceded by NF stage 6.5 [Term] id: XAO:1000018 name: NF stage 8 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 8, 128-cell embryo; age 5 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Medium-cell blastula stage. Surface not yet entirely smooth. Border of animal pigment cap more diffuse at dorsal than at lateral and ventral sides. Gradual transition in cell size from animal to vegetative pole. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "128-cell stage" EXACT [] xref: ZFS:0000008 relationship: part_of XAO:1000003 ! part of blastula relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000017 ! preceded by NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:1000019 name: NF stage 9 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 9; age 7 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Fine-cell blastula stage. Animal cells smaller at dorsal than at ventral side. Border between marginal zone and vegetative field distinct, particularly dorsally, owing to difference in cell size. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000003 ! part of blastula relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000018 ! preceded by NF stage 8 [Term] id: XAO:1000020 name: NF stage 10 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 10; age 9 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Initial gastrula stage. First indication of blastopore only by pigment concentration. No formation of groove. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! part of gastrula relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000019 ! preceded by NF stage 9 [Term] id: XAO:1000021 name: NF stage 11 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 11; age 11 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Horse-shoe-shaped blastopore stage. Blastopore groove surrounding about half of future yolk plug and indicated at its ventral side; future yolk plug often rounded rectangular, slightly elongated in dorso-ventral direction, diameter more than two-fifths of diameter of egg (plus or minus 50 degrees of circumference). Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000031 ! preceded by NF stage 10.5 relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! part of gastrula [Term] id: XAO:1000022 name: NF stage 12 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 12; age 13 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Medium yolk plug stage. Yolk plug circular; diameter somewhat less than one fourth of diameter of egg (plus or minus 25 degrees). More and less pigmented fields radiating from yolk plug. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000032 ! preceded by NF stage 11.5 relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! part of gastrula [Term] id: XAO:1000023 name: NF stage 13 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 13; age 14 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Slit-blastopore stage. Neural plate faintly delimited; slight elevation of its rostral part and slight flattening of its caudal part. Caudal part of median groove formed. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000033 ! preceded by NF stage 12.5 relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! part of neurula [Term] id: XAO:1000024 name: NF stage 14 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 14; age 16 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Neural plate stage. Cerebral part of neural plate bent downwards, with median elevation at rostral end of median groove. Initial elevation of neural folds, most pronounced in future nucal region. Blastopore always slit-shaped. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000023 ! preceded by NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! part of neurula [Term] id: XAO:1000025 name: NF stage 15 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 15; age 17 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Early neural fold stage. Presumptive cement gland faintly circumscribed. Anterior part of neural plate roundish. Neural folds distinct, except medio-rostrally; initial formation of sharp inner ridges on neural folds in rhombencephalic region. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000024 ! preceded by NF stage 14 relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! part of neurula [Term] id: XAO:1000026 name: NF stage 16 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 16; age 18 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Mid neural fold stage. Anterior part of neural plate rectangular; darkly pigmented eye anlagen present; neural plate sharply constricted in the middle. Inner ridges on neural folds forming angle of about 90 degrees with neural plate in rhombencephalic region. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! part of neurula relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000025 ! preceded by NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:1000027 name: NF stage 17 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 17; age 18 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Late neural fold stage. Anterior part of neural plate oblong triangular, angles formed by eye anlagen. Neural folds approaching each other from blastopore up to anterior trunk region. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! part of neurula relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000026 ! preceded by NF stage 16 [Term] id: XAO:1000028 name: NF stage 2- namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 2-; age 1 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Beginning of first cleavage. First cleavage groove has not yet reached vegetal pole. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000001 ! preceded by NF stage 1 relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! part of cleavage [Term] id: XAO:1000029 name: NF stage 6.5 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 6.5; age 3 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Morula stage. About 48 blastomeres. In animal view about 6 micromeres along meridian. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "morula" RELATED [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! part of cleavage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000016 ! preceded by NF stage 6 (32-cell) [Term] id: XAO:1000030 name: NF stage 10.25 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 10.25; age 10 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Early gastrula stage. First formation of dorsal blastopore groove; the groove is still straight. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "NF stage 10+" EXACT [] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000020 ! preceded by NF stage 10 relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! part of gastrula [Term] id: XAO:1000031 name: NF stage 10.5 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 10.5; age 11 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Crescent-shaped blastopore stage. Blastopore groove angular. Vegetal field slightly decreased in size, ventral border of future yolk plug indicated by pigment contraction. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000030 ! preceded by NF stage 10.25 relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! part of gastrula [Term] id: XAO:1000032 name: NF stage 11.5 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 11.5; age 12 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Large yolk plug stage. Blastopore groove closed ventrally; yolk plug not yet quite circular. At ventral side concentrated superficial pigment still visible. Diameter of yolk plug about a third of diameter of egg (plus or minus 40 degrees). Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! part of gastrula relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000021 ! preceded by NF stage 11 [Term] id: XAO:1000033 name: NF stage 12.5 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 12.5; age 14 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Small yolk plug stage. Future position of neural plate and median groove indicated by darker pigment lines. Yolk plug usually ovoid, variable in size. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! part of gastrula relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000022 ! preceded by NF stage 12 [Term] id: XAO:1000034 name: NF stage 18 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 18; age 19 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Neural groove stage. Anterior part of neural plate narrow, more or less club-shaped, often narrower towards rostral end. Parallel neural folds in trunk region very close to each other, not yet touching. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! part of neurula relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000027 ! preceded by NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:1000035 name: NF stage 19 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 19; age 20 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Initial neural tube stage. Neural folds touching each other, except for inconstant openings at anterior and posterior end and behind nucal region. Considerable lateral extension of brain. Lateral outline of embryo still convex. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000034 ! preceded by NF stage 18 relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! part of neurula [Term] id: XAO:1000036 name: NF stage 20 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 20; age 21 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Neural folds fused, suture still present. The two eye anlagen showing through dumb-bell-shaped, eyes hardly protruding. Beginning of stretching of embryos. Lateral outline flat. Length: 1.7 - 1.8 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000035 ! preceded by NF stage 19 relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! part of neurula [Term] id: XAO:1000037 name: NF stage 21 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 21; age 22 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Suture of neural tube completely closed. Delimitation of frontal field by pigment lines. Primary eye vesicles showing through in the form of two separate, obliquely placed oval spots; beginning of protrusion of eyes. Lateral outline of embryo just becoming concave, ventral outline flat. Length: 1.9 - 2.0 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! part of neurula relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000036 ! preceded by NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:1000038 name: NF stage 22 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 22; age 24 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Distinct protrusion of eyes. Initial groove between jaw- and gill-areas only at latero-dorsal side. Lateral and ventral outlines of embryo slightly concave. Anal opening displaced to ventral side. Vitelline membrane becoming wider. Length: 2.0 - 2.2 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000037 ! preceded by NF stage 21 relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! part of early tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000039 name: NF stage 23 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 23; age 1 day, 45 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Jaw- and gill-areas completely separated by groove. Ventral outline of embryo more concave. Length: 2.2 - 2.4 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000038 ! preceded by NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! part of early tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000040 name: NF stage 24 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 24; age 1 day, 2 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Eyes protruding less far laterally than gill-area. Gill-area more prominent than jaw-area, gill-area not yet grooved. Ventral outline of embryo nicked. Tail bud discernible. Initial motor reactions to external stimulation. Length: 2.5 - 2.7 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! part of early tailbud relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000039 ! preceded by NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:1000041 name: NF stage 25 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 25; age 1 day, 3 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Eyes protruding equally far or further laterally than gill-area. Gill-area grooved. Invagination of otic vesicle indicated by pigment spot. Beginning of fin formation. Length: 2.8 - 3.0 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! part of early tailbud relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000040 ! preceded by NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:1000042 name: NF stage 26 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 26; age 1 day, 5 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: otic vesicle protruding. Pronephros distinctly visible. Myotomes showing through for the first time. Fin somewhat broadened at dorso-caudal end of body. Beginning of spontaneous movements. Length: 3.0 - 3.3 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000041 ! preceded by NF stage 25 relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! part of early tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000043 name: NF stage 27 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 27; age 1 day, 7 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Lateral flattening of eyes. Fin transluscent, except for region behind anus. Tail bud formation accentuated in lateral outline. Length: 3.4 - 3.7 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000042 ! preceded by NF stage 26 relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! part of early tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000044 name: NF stage 28 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 28; age 1 day, 8 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Fin extending up to anus. Fin broadened and distinctly divided into outer transparent and inner translucent band. Length: 3.8 - 4.0 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000043 ! preceded by NF stage 27 relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! part of early tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000045 name: NF stage 29 and 30 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 29 and 30; age 1 day, 11 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Gray eye cup showing through for the first time. Fin transparent up to the base over its whole length. Tail bud distinct. Length: 4.0 - 4.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000044 ! preceded by NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000046 name: NF stage 31 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 31; age 1 day, 13 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Tail bud equally long as broad. Length: 4.2 - 4.8 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000045 ! preceded by NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000047 name: NF stage 32 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 32; age 1 day, 16 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Eye cup horse-shoe-shaped, standing out distinctly. Length of tail bud about 1.5 times its breadth. Length: 4.5 - 5.1 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000046 ! preceded by NF stage 31 relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000048 name: NF stage 33 and 34 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 33 and 34; age 1 day, 20 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Stomodeal invagination a shallow vertical groove. Dorsal part of eye more pigmented than ventral part; distinct melanophores in dorsal part. Melanophores appearing dorsally on the head and laterally in a row extending from just below the pronephros backwards. Length of tail bud about twice its breadth. Beginning of heart beat. Length: 4.7 - 5.3 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000047 ! preceded by NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:1000049 name: NF stage 35 and 36 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 35 and 36; age 2 days, 2 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Stomodeal invagination roundish. Eye entirely black, choroid fissure nearly closed. Formation of two gill rudiments, anterior one nipple-shaped. Melanophores appearing on back. Posterior outline of proctodeum still curved. Length of tail bud about three times its breadth. Beginning of hatching. Length: 5.3 - 6.0 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000048 ! preceded by NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000050 name: NF stage 37 and 38 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 37 and 38; age 2 days, 5 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Stomodeal invagination much deeper, opening round. Both gill rudiments nipple-shaped, a branch of the anterior one indicated. Posterior outline of proctodeum straight, forming very obtuse angle with ventral border of tail myotomes. Melanophores spreading over tail. Length: 5.6 - 6.2 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000049 ! preceded by NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000051 name: NF stage 39 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 39; age 2 days, 8 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Melanophores appearing around nasal pits. Opening of stomodeal invagination transversely elongated. Melanophores on back arranged in a superficial and a deeper layer. Outlines of proctodeum and tail myotomes forming angle of about 135 degrees. Melanophores appearing along ventral edge of tail musculature. Length: 5.9 - 6.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000050 ! preceded by NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:1000052 name: NF stage 40 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 40; age 2 days, 18 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Mouth broken through. Length of gills about twice their breadth, posterior one sometimes also showing a branch. Outlines of proctodeum and tail myotomes forming angles of 90 degrees. Beginning of blood circulation in gills. Length: 6.3 - 6.8 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000051 ! preceded by NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:1000053 name: NF stage 41 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 41; age 3 days, 4 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Gills broader and flatter, more laterally directed. Formation of a left-rostral and a right-caudal furrow in yolk mass; torsion of interjacent part about 45 degrees; formation of conical proctodeum, forming angle of about 60 degrees with tail myotomes. Formation of fin rostral to proctodeum; ventral outline of yolk mass and proctodeum a smooth concave line. Length: 6.7 - 7.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000052 ! preceded by NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:1000054 name: NF stage 42 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 42; age 3 days, 8 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Beginning of formation of opercular folds. Torsion of intestine about 90 degrees; proctodeum connected with yolk mass by short horizontal intestinal tube. Length: 7.0 - 7.7 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000053 ! preceded by NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:1000055 name: NF stage 43 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 43; age 3 days, 15 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Lateral line system becoming visible externally. Cement gland losing its pigment. Torsion of intestine about 180 degrees; proctodeum narrower, arched or S-shaped. Length: 7.5 - 8.3 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000054 ! preceded by NF stage 42 [Term] id: XAO:1000056 name: NF stage 44 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 44; age 3 days, 20 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Appearance of tentacle rudiments. Opercular folds protruding further. Coiling part of intestine showing S-shaped loop; torsion about 360 degrees. Blood-circulation in gills usually ceased (gills smaller). Length: 7.8 - 8.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000055 ! preceded by NF stage 43 relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! part of late tailbud [Term] id: XAO:1000057 name: NF stage 45 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 45; age 4 days, 2 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Operculum partly covering gills, edge still straight. Intestine spiralized in ventral aspects, showing 1.5 revolutions. Beginning of feeding. Length: 8 - 10 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000056 ! preceded by NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! part of premetamorphosis [Term] id: XAO:1000058 name: NF stage 46 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 46; age 4 days, 10 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Edge of operculum becoming convex. Xantophores appearing on eye and abdomen. Intestine showing 2 to 2.5 revolutions. Hindlimb bud visible for the first time. Length: 9 - 12 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000057 ! preceded by NF stage 45 relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! part of premetamorphosis [Term] id: XAO:1000059 name: NF stage 47 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 47; age 5 days, 12 hr at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Tentacles larger. Edge of operculum forming quarter of a circle. Xantophores forming opaque layer on abdomen. Intestine showing 2.5 to 3.5 revolutions. Hindlimb bud more distinct. Length: 12 - 15 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000058 ! preceded by NF stage 46 relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! part of premetamorphosis [Term] id: XAO:1000060 name: NF stage 48 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 48; age 7.5 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Beginning of pigmentation around n. acusticus. Forelimb bud visible for the first time. Shining gold-coloured abdomen. Hindlimb bud semicircular in lateral aspect. Length: 14 - 17 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000059 ! preceded by NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! part of premetamorphosis [Term] id: XAO:1000061 name: NF stage 49 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 49; age about 12 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Melanophores usually appearing around thymus gland and nerves and blood vessels of head; xantophores appearing on pericard. Forelimb bud distinct. Hindlimb bud somewhat longer, distal outline still circular, no constrictions at base. Melanophores appearing on dorsal and ventral fin. Length: 17 - 23 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000060 ! preceded by NF stage 48 relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! part of premetamorphosis [Term] id: XAO:1000062 name: NF stage 50 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 50; age about 15 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Forelimb bud somewhat oval-shaped in dorsal aspect. Hindlimb bud longer than broad, constricted at base, distal outline somewhat conical. Length: 20 - 27 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000061 ! preceded by NF stage 49 relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! part of premetamorphosis [Term] id: XAO:1000063 name: NF stage 51 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 51; age about 17 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Tentacles much longer. Forelimb bud oval-shaped in lateral aspect. Hindlimb bud conical in shape, its length about 1.5 times its breadth; melanophores appearing on it. Length: 28 - 36 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000062 ! preceded by NF stage 50 relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! part of premetamorphosis [Term] id: XAO:1000064 name: NF stage 52 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 52; age about 21 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Forelimb bud irregularly conical. Hindlimb bud showing first indication of ankle constriction and first sign of flattening of foot. Length: 42 - 56 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000063 ! preceded by NF stage 51 relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! part of premetamorphosis [Term] id: XAO:1000065 name: NF stage 53 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 53; age about 24 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Fore- and hindlimbs in paddle stage. Hindlimb whithout foot somewhat longer than broad; 4th and 5th toe indicated. Length: 50 - 60 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! part of premetamorphosis relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000064 ! preceded by NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:1000066 name: NF stage 54 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 54; age about 26 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: All four fingers indicated; edge of hand slightly scalloped between fingers; melanophores appearing on forelimb. Length of hindlimb without foot nearly twice its breadth; all five toes indicated, the second only very slightly. Length: 58 - 65 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! part of premetamorphosis relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000065 ! preceded by NF stage 53 [Term] id: XAO:1000067 name: NF stage 55 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 55; age about 32 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Hand pronated about 90 degrees; free parts of fingers about equally long as broad. Length of hindlimb without foot about 3 times its breadth; length of cartilages of 4th and 5th toe about 4 times their breadth. Length: 70 - 80 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000090 ! part of prometamorphosis relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000066 ! preceded by NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:1000068 name: NF stage 56 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 56; age about 38 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Elbow and wrist clearly indicated; length of free parts of fingers 3 to 4 times their breadth. Length of cartilages of 4th and 5th toe about 6 times their breadth. Length: 70 - 100 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000090 ! part of prometamorphosis relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000067 ! preceded by NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:1000069 name: NF stage 57 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 57; age about 41 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Pigment-free spot appearing above \"Stirnorgan\". Angle of elbow more than 90 degrees; fingers stretched out in forelimb atrium, their length about 7 times their breadth. Length: 75 - 105 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000090 ! part of prometamorphosis relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000068 ! preceded by NF stage 56 [Term] id: XAO:1000070 name: NF stage 58 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 58; age about 44 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Forelimbs broken through. Guanophores appearing on abdomen and thighs (adult skin areas). All three claws present on hindlimbs. Length: 80 - 110 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! part of climax relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000069 ! preceded by NF stage 57 [Term] id: XAO:1000071 name: NF stage 59 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 59; age about 45 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Tentacles beginning to shrivel up. Stretched forelimb reaching down to base of hindlimb. Guanophores appearing near base of forelimb (adult skin area); anterior border of adult skin area on abdomen not yet sharp; appearance of irregular dark spots on back." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! part of climax relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000070 ! preceded by NF stage 58 [Term] id: XAO:1000072 name: NF stage 60 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 60; age about 46 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: N. olfactorius still longer than bulbus olfactorius. Guanophores appearing on lower jaw (adult skin area). Openings of gill chambers still wide. Distal half of fingers of stretched forelimb extending beyond base of hindlimb; forelimb still situated behind level of heart. Adult skin area of base of forelimb covered with guanophores; anterior border of adult skin area on abdomen sharper, reaching up to heart." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! part of climax relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000071 ! preceded by NF stage 59 [Term] id: XAO:1000073 name: NF stage 61 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 61; age about 48 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Head narrower. Tentacles considerably shortened, mostly curved backwards. Length of n. olfactorius equal to diameter of bulbus olfactorius. 4th arterial arch seen just in front of adult skin area of forelimb. Openings of gill chambers considerably narrowed. Forelimb at level of posterior half of heart. Adult skin area on abdomen covering posterior half of heart. Fins considerably reduced." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000072 ! preceded by NF stage 60 relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! part of climax [Term] id: XAO:1000074 name: NF stage 62 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 62; age about 49 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Head still somewhat broader than cranial part of trunk. Tentacles short, straight. N. olfactorius shorter than diameter of bulbus olfactorius. Corner of mouth still in front of eye. Thymus gland somewhat protruding. 3rd arterial arch (\"larval aorta\") seen at distance of its own diameter in front of adult skin area of forelimb. Opening of operculum reduced to curved slit. Forelimb at level of middle of heart. Anterior border of adult skin area on abdomen entirely sharp, mostly nicked medially. Ventral fin disappeared from abdomen." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! part of climax relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000073 ! preceded by NF stage 61 [Term] id: XAO:1000075 name: NF stage 63 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 63; age about 51 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Head narrower than trunk. Tentacles mostly disappeared. Corner of mouth at level of caudal border of eye. \"Larval aorta\" and thymus gland no longer externally visible. Operculum closed. Adult skin areas on abdomen and lower jaw separated by narrow band of larval skin. Forelimb at level of anterior half of heart. Fin mostly perforated near anus. Tail still slightly longer than body." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000074 ! preceded by NF stage 62 relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! part of climax [Term] id: XAO:1000076 name: NF stage 64 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 64; age about 53 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Corner of mouth well behind eye. Various adult skin areas joined almost everywhere, borderlines still clearly visible. Length of tail (from anus) is a third of body length." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000075 ! preceded by NF stage 63 relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! part of climax [Term] id: XAO:1000077 name: NF stage 65 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 65; age about 54 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Borderlines between adult skin areas partly disappeared. Tail oblong triangular in dorsal aspect, length abouth one tenth of body length." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! part of climax relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000076 ! preceded by NF stage 64 [Term] id: XAO:1000078 name: NF stage 66 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 66; age about 58 days at 22-24 Celsius; corresponding to the following external morphological criteria: Border lines between adult skin areas disappeared. Tail only a very small triangle, no longer visible from ventral side." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000077 ! preceded by NF stage 65 relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! part of climax [Term] id: XAO:1000079 name: metamorphosing tadpole namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stages from Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 54 to stage 66." [ISBN:0815318960] relationship: part_of XAO:1000008 ! part of tadpole [Term] id: XAO:1000080 name: late tailbud namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stages from Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 29/30 to stage 44." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000007 ! tailbud stage [Term] id: XAO:1000081 name: unspecified stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage comment: If an anatomical term has a starts_during or ends_during relationship to this stage term, this information is either unknown or has not yet been curated. is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage [Term] id: XAO:1000082 name: unfertilized egg namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage [Term] id: XAO:1000083 name: oocyte stage I namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:23:46Z [Term] id: XAO:1000084 name: oocyte stage II namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:24:37Z [Term] id: XAO:1000085 name: oocyte stage III namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:24:56Z [Term] id: XAO:1000086 name: oocyte stage IV namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:25:13Z [Term] id: XAO:1000087 name: oocyte stage V namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:25:43Z [Term] id: XAO:1000088 name: oocyte stage VI namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:26:43Z [Term] id: XAO:1000089 name: premetamorphosis namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The period during which limb bud growth occurs, covering Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 45 to stage 54." [ISBN:0124554032] relationship: part_of XAO:1000008 ! part of tadpole [Term] id: XAO:1000090 name: prometamorphosis namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The period during which toe differentiation and rapid hind limb growth continue, covering Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 55 to stage 57." [ISBN:0124554032] relationship: part_of XAO:1000079 ! part of metamorphosing tadpole [Term] id: XAO:1000091 name: climax namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The period during which tail resorption occurs, covering Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 58 to stage 66." [ISBN:0124554032] relationship: part_of XAO:1000079 ! part of metamorphosing tadpole [Term] id: XAO:1000092 name: mature egg namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:32:08Z [Term] id: XAO:1000093 name: adult frog namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stage of being a fully formed animal, following Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 66." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000009 ! frog created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-19T01:53:23Z [Typedef] id: develops_from name: develops from is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: end_stage name: ends during def: "Anatomical structure/expression stops being viable, obvious or of utility at this developmental stage." [XB:curator \"Xenbase\"] [Typedef] id: part_of name: part of is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: preceded_by name: preceded by is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: start_stage name: starts during