format-version: 1.2 data-version: releases/2021-03-04 date: 04:03:2021 16:30 saved-by: eriksegerdell subsetdef: anatomical_site_slim "Anatomical Site slim" subsetdef: frequent_anatomy_items "Frequently Used Anatomy slim" subsetdef: organism_views "Organism View slim" subsetdef: sectional_anatomy_items "Sectional Anatomy Item slim" synonymtypedef: PLURAL "PLURAL" default-namespace: xenopus_anatomy namespace-id-rule: * XAO:$sequence(7,5000,9999999)$ treat-xrefs-as-genus-differentia: CARO part_of NCBITaxon:8353 treat-xrefs-as-genus-differentia: CL part_of NCBITaxon:8353 treat-xrefs-as-genus-differentia: GO part_of NCBITaxon:8353 treat-xrefs-as-genus-differentia: UBERON part_of NCBITaxon:8353 remark: Citation for XAO v1 by Xenbase: Segerdell E, Bowes JB, Pollet N, Vize PD; BMC Dev Biol 2008 8:92; PMID:18817563. remark: Citation for XAO v3 by Xenbase: Segerdell E, Ponferrada VG, James-Zorn C, Burns KA, Fortriede JD, Dahdul WM, Vize PD, Zorn AM; J Biomed Semantics 2013 4(1):31; PMID:24139024. remark: Supported by NIH R01 HD045776 and NICHD P41 HD064556. remark: Version: 9.1 ontology: xao property_value: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description "XAO represents the anatomy and development of the African frogs Xenopus laevis and tropicalis." xsd:string property_value: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title "Xenopus Anatomy Ontology" xsd:string property_value: http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ xsd:string [Term] id: XAO:0000000 name: Xenopus anatomical entity def: "An entity that is either an individual member of Xenopus or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of Xenopus." [CARO:0000000, XAO:EJS] xref: CARO:0000000 [Term] id: XAO:0000001 name: ectoderm def: "Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/ectoderm] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: UBERON:0000924 is_a: XAO:0003011 ! primary germ layer relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000002 name: fin def: "Surface structure that has an important role in tadpole locomotion. It starts to develop along the trunk and tail of the embryo at the tail bud stage and continues to grow until the start of metamorphosis when it begins to regress. It consists of flattened epidermal cells elevated into a keel-like structure by a supporting core of mesenchyme and extracellular matrix." [PMID:15188431] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: UBERON:0008897 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000003 name: outer fin def: "Part of the fin consisting of flattened epidermal cells elevated into a keel-like structure." [PMID:15188431] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000004 name: inner fin def: "Part of the fin consisting of a supporting core of mesenchyme and extracellular matrix." [PMID:15188431] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000005 name: olfactory placode def: "A thick plate of cells derived from the neural ectoderm in the head region of the embryo that develops into the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/olfactory+placode] synonym: "nasal placode" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003050 is_a: XAO:0004620 ! neurogenic placode relationship: develops_from XAO:0000041 ! epidermis inner layer relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! sensorial layer relationship: develops_from XAO:0004206 ! anterior placodal area relationship: develops_from XAO:0004209 ! anterior neural ridge relationship: end_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! olfactory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000006 name: otic vesicle alt_id: XAO:0000184 def: "The saccular invagination of ectoderm from which the vertebrate inner ear develops." [UBERON:0003051] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "ear" BROAD [] synonym: "ear vesicle" RELATED [] synonym: "otocyst" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003051 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000223 ! otic placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 relationship: part_of XAO:0003195 ! vestibuloauditory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000007 name: lower eyelid def: "A surface structure consisting of a set of membranes that cover and protect the eye." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frog] synonym: "ventral eyelid" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001713 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000074 ! NF stage 62 [Term] id: XAO:0000008 name: lens def: "Transparent, biconvex structure in the eye that, along with the cornea, helps to refract light to be focused on the retina." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(anatomy)] xref: UBERON:0000965 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000240 ! lens placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000009 name: retina def: "Sensory membrane that lines the posterior chamber of the eye and functions as the immediate instrument of vision by receiving the image formed by the lens and converting it into chemical and nervous signals which reach the brain by way of the optic nerve." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/retina] xref: UBERON:0000966 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000010 name: brain def: "Organ that is a component of the central nervous system and is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses. It appears when the neural tube segregates in forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain at NF stage 22. The general pattern of the brain has been mainly established at NF stage 28. Yolky material is consumed and the fibre tracts and later the commissures develop. In general all of its parts are well developed at NF stage 53 and later development consists mainly of growth and some further cytological differentiation. In the period of metamorphosis only topographical changes take place." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/brain, ISBN:0815318960] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: UBERON:0000955 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0003204 ! neural tube relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! central nervous system relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000011 name: forebrain def: "The part of the brain that is the anterior of its three primary divisions and that includes the telencephalon and diencephalon." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/forebrain] synonym: "prosencephalon" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001890 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000307 ! anterior neural tube relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000012 name: telencephalon def: "Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres." [AAO:0010479] xref: UBERON:0001893 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000011 ! forebrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000013 name: diencephalon def: "The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye vescile, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis)." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0001894 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000011 ! forebrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000014 name: midbrain def: "Middle part of the brain composed of the optic tectum and penducular region." [AAO:0010149] synonym: "mesencephalon" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001891 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000307 ! anterior neural tube relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000015 name: hindbrain def: "The part of the brain that is the posterior of its three primary divisions." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/hindbrain] synonym: "rhombencephalon" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002028 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000250 ! posterior neural tube relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000016 name: midbrain-hindbrain boundary def: "The part of the brain that is the morphological boundary between the midbrain and hindbrain and that is the location of an organizing center which patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate." [UBERON:0003052] synonym: "isthmic organizer territory" RELATED [] synonym: "isthmus" RELATED [] synonym: "MHB" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003052 is_a: XAO:0004003 ! anatomical line relationship: develops_from XAO:0004086 ! presumptive midbrain-hindbrain boundary relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000017 name: hypophysis alt_id: XAO:0000161 def: "An endocrine gland, located ventral to the diencephalon, that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands." [UBERON:0000007] synonym: "Hyp" EXACT [] synonym: "pituitary" RELATED [] synonym: "pituitary gland" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000007 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000267 ! hypophyseal primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004208 ! adenohypophyseal placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000011 ! forebrain relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! endocrine system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000018 name: genital ridge def: "Portion of tissue that is the precursor to the gonads." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonadal_ridge] xref: UBERON:0005294 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! urogenital system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000020 name: spinal cord def: "Elongated, approximately cylindrical part of the central nervous system that lies in the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/spinal+cord] xref: UBERON:0002240 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000250 ! posterior neural tube relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! central nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000021 name: ventricular zone def: "Proliferative region that is part of the ventricular system of the brain." [VHOG:0001224] subset: anatomical_site_slim xref: UBERON:0003053 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000022 name: roof plate def: "Organizing center located at the dorsal midline of the neural tube that influences the development of the nervous system, controlling the specification and differentiation of dorsal neuronal cell types." [PMID:15378040] synonym: "roofplate" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord roof" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005724 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005241 ! superficial layer of neurectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! spinal cord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000023 name: skin def: "Surface structure that consists of the external membranous integument of the animal." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/skin] synonym: "integument" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002097 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000176 ! dermal system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0000024 name: mandibular crest def: "The most anterior of the migrating cranial neural crest streams, running along the posterior edge of the eye primordium, and in later stages, below the eye and to the border of the cement gland. The mandibular stream is the first to initiate CNC cell migration." [PMID:21490068] xref: UBERON:0007098 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0001001 ! cranial neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 relationship: part_of XAO:0001001 ! cranial neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0000025 name: hyoid crest def: "The second most anterior of the migrating cranial neural crests streams, it lays between the mandibular and anterior branchial crest streams." [PMID:21490068] synonym: "hyoid neural crest" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007099 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0001001 ! cranial neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: part_of XAO:0001001 ! cranial neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0000026 name: branchial crest def: "The most posterior segments of the population of migratory cells of the cranial neural crest, contributing to the branchial arches 3 and 4. Branchial crest cells migrate in two distinct streams referred to as the anterior and posterior branchial crest." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0001001 ! cranial neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0000027 name: cranial ganglion def: "Ganglion that is located in the head." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000013] synonym: "cranial ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0001714 is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0000270 ! sensorial layer of neurectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000028 name: epidermis def: "The outer epithelial layer of the external integument of the body that is derived from the primative or embryonic ectoderm." [AAO:0000143] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "skin" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0001003 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004091 ! non-neural ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! skin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000029 name: epidermis outer layer def: "The outermost layer of the epidermis, the multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm." [XAO:curators] synonym: "epidermis epithelial layer" RELATED [] synonym: "periderm" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003055 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000030 name: vitelline membrane def: "The membrane enveloping the egg or oocyte, lying immediately outside the plasmalemma. It is formed while the oocyte is in the ovary and it separates from the egg to form the fertilization membrane." [AAO:0010332, XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0003125 is_a: XAO:0004005 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! zygote relationship: start_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage [Term] id: XAO:0000031 name: ciliated epidermal cell def: "Cell type that has motile cilia and populates the skin of the embryo, arranged in the surface layer of the non-neural ectoderm in an ordered distribution." [PMID:10518489] synonym: "ciliated cell" BROAD [] synonym: "epidermal ciliary cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0007018 is_a: XAO:0004621 ! epidermal cell is_a: XAO:0005017 ! ciliated cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0000032 name: stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium def: "An anterior thickening of the sensorial layer of ectoderm, just above the cement gland. The hypophyseal layer separates from the stomodeal layer at NF stage 29 and 30, and when contacted by a protrusion of the foregut, the stomodeal layer will rupture to form the mouth opening at NF stage 39 and 40." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000270 ! sensorial layer of neurectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000033 name: cement gland def: "A simple mucus-secreting structure that is positioned at the front of the embryo, attaches the newly hatched embryo to a support before the hatchling can swim well or feed, and marks the anterior-most dorsal ectoderm." [PMID:8787748] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: UBERON:0005093 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000049 ! cement gland primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000062 ! NF stage 50 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000034 name: hatching gland def: "A Y-shaped array of unicelluar glands on the top of the head, the open end of which faces anteriorly, that secrete an enzyme that dissolves or weakens the egg jelly and facilitates hatching. Presumptive cells of the hatching gland are present by the end of gastrualtion (NF stage 12.5) and differentiated cells start to form after neurulation is complete (NF stage 21)." [XAO:curators] synonym: "frontal gland" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002538 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004394 ! hatching gland primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0000035 name: zygote def: "Cell resulting from the fusion of male and female gametes at fertilization." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/zygote] synonym: "fertilized egg" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000365 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000036 name: animal cap def: "Ectodermal roof of the blastocoel." [XAO:curators] synonym: "animal ectoderm" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) [Term] id: XAO:0000037 name: animal cap inner layer def: "Sensorial layer of blastocoel roof ectoderm." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000036 ! animal cap relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:0000038 name: animal cap outer layer def: "Superficial layer of blastocoel roof ectoderm." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000036 ! animal cap relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:0000039 name: obsolete anatomical site is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0003186 [Term] id: XAO:0000040 name: head region def: "The anterior-most third of the embryo, formed from the development of the head outgrowth at NF stage 21." [XAO:curators] subset: anatomical_site_slim xref: UBERON:0001444 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000041 name: epidermis inner layer def: "A distinct layer of the epidermal cells beneath the outermost layer of epidermis, the multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm." [XAO:curators] synonym: "epidermis sensorial layer" RELATED [] synonym: "stratum germinativum" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002025 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000042 name: neuroectoderm def: "Embryonic ectoderm that gives rise to nervous tissue." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/neuroectoderm] synonym: "neural ectoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "neurectoderm" EXACT [] synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002346 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000043 name: neuroectoderm outer layer def: "Superficial neuroectoderm layer consisting of horizontally flattened, pigmented cells." [PMID:2642003] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000044 name: neuroectoderm inner layer def: "Deep neuroectoderm layer consisting of densely packed, cylindrical, unpigmented cells." [PMID:2642003] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000045 name: pre-chordal neural plate def: "The portion of neural plate anterior to the mid-hindbrain junction." [XAO:curators] synonym: "anterior neural plate" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003056 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000046 name: chordal neural plate def: "The portion of neural plate posterior to the mid-hindbrain junction." [XAO:curators] synonym: "posterior neural plate" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003057 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000047 name: notoplate def: "Region of the neural plate overlying the notochord." [http://www.encyclo.co.uk/define/Notoplate] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000048 name: neural crest def: "A group of ectoderm cells that delaminate from the area between the neuroectoderm/non-neural ectoderm domains. They undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal tranformation (EMT) and migrate to give several different lineages of adult cells. Originating from different positions along the anterior-posterior axis, they develop into various tissues. These regions of neural crest can be divided into five main functional domains, which include the cranial, trunk, vagal and sacral neural crest, and cardiac neural crest. Neural crest cells are considered multipotent, and as they have the limited capacity for self renewal, they are regarded as stem cell-like." [AAO:0010578, XAO:CJZ] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "NC" EXACT [] synonym: "neural crest material" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002342 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000270 ! sensorial layer of neurectoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0004103 ! chordal neural plate border relationship: develops_from XAO:0004104 ! neural plate border relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000049 name: cement gland primordium def: "The thickening of the epithelial layer of the ectoderm, with corresponding dark pigmentation, on the anterior dorso-ventral surface of the embryo." [ISBN:0070179778] synonym: "adhesive organ primordium" EXACT [] synonym: "cement gland" BROAD [] synonym: "cement gland anlage" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! sensorial layer relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000050 name: mesoderm def: "Primary germ layer that is the middle of the embryo's germ layers." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/mesoderm] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "mesodermal mantle" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000926 is_a: XAO:0003011 ! primary germ layer relationship: develops_from XAO:0003044 ! endomesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000051 name: dorsal aorta def: "Principal unpaired, median artery of the trunk, extending into the tail as the caudal artery." [ISBN:0226557634] synonym: "aorta dorsalis" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005805 is_a: XAO:0003010 ! aorta relationship: develops_from XAO:0005019 ! paired dorsal aorta relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000052 name: cardinal vein def: "The paired main vein, departing from the sinus venous, the fused heart primordium, it runs posteriorly down length of the embryo." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0004344 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000053 name: head mesoderm def: "The mesoderm of the head." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0006904 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000079 ! prechordal plate relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0000054 name: trunk region def: "The anatomical region of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail." [XAO:EJS] subset: anatomical_site_slim xref: UBERON:0002100 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0000055 name: notochord def: "A longitudinal flexible rod of cells that in the embryo forms the supporting axis of the body. It degenerates, beginning anteriorly, at NF stage 46. Its posterior portion is greatly reduced by NF stage 55 and the entire structure is gone by NF stage 65." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/notochord, ISBN:0815318960] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: UBERON:0002328 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000205 ! axial mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000056 name: hypochord def: "Transient structure that lies immediately ventral to the notochord in the embryo, likely required for the formation of the dorsal aorta. A slight depression marks the future hypochord at NF stage 20 and its segregation from the dorsal endoderm begins at NF stage 24. It progresses from anterior to posterior and is complete by NF stage 28. At NF stage 32 it is present as a dorso-laterally flattened ribbon of yolk-laden cells. It degenerates by apoptosis and by NF stage 43 is no longer detectable as a distinct structure in the trunk region of the tadpole. The most posterior hypochord persists and begins to ossify, fusing with the coccyx to form the urostyle in the pelvic girdle around NF stage 63." [ISBN:0815318960, PMID:10648245] synonym: "ipochord" EXACT [] synonym: "subnotochordal rod" RELATED [PMID:10648245] xref: UBERON:0003058 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000075 ! NF stage 63 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000057 name: presomitic mesoderm def: "Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form." [UBERON:0003059] synonym: "somitogenic mesoderm" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003059 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000259 ! paraxial mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000259 ! paraxial mesoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0004042 ! muscular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000024 ! NF stage 14 [Term] id: XAO:0000058 name: somite def: "Any of the approximately 45 bilaterally paired blocks of mesoderm cells, lying on either side of the notochord and neural tube, and forming sequentially starting at the head during development of the embryo. Together they give rise to the axial skeleton (from the sclerotome), associated musculature (from the myotome), and dermis (from the dermatome)." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/somite, XAO:curators] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "somites" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "somitic mesoderm" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002329 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000057 ! presomitic mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0004042 ! muscular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0000059 name: obsolete pronephros is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0002000 [Term] id: XAO:0000061 name: obsolete pronephric capsule is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000318 [Term] id: XAO:0000062 name: pronephric nephrostome def: "Any of the ciliated tubules that collect the glomeral filtrate, passing it through to the pronephric tubules." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "nephrostome" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005308 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000264 ! pronephric mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000071 ! NF stage 59 relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! pronephric kidney relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000063 name: pronephric duct def: "Duct that drains urine from the pronephros and connects it to the cloaca. It is thought that the pronephric duct may play a key role in the induction of the mesonephric (adult) kidney. The most anterior part of the pronephric duct shows distinct gene expression patterns and is sometimes referred to as DT2." [PMID:8365571, XAO:CJZ] synonym: "common tubule" RELATED [] synonym: "connecting tubule" RELATED [] synonym: "distal tubule segment 2" EXACT [] synonym: "DT2" EXACT [] synonym: "nephric duct" EXACT [] synonym: "Wolffian duct" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003060 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: develops_from XAO:0000264 ! pronephric mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! pronephric kidney relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000064 name: heart def: "A myogenic muscular organ found in the cardiovascular system. It is responsible for pumping blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. It is composed of cardiac muscle, which is an involuntary striated muscle tissue found only in this organ, and connective tissue. It is ultimately composed of three chambers (two atria and one ventricle), occupying a ventral position within the chest of the mature tadpole/frog." [PMID:17194606, UBERON:0000948] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: UBERON:0000948 is_a: XAO:0003034 ! viscus is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000336 ! heart primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000065 name: myocardium def: "Cardiac muscle constituting the middle layer of the heart." [AAO:0010410] synonym: "cardiac muscle" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002349 is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0000336 ! heart primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000066 name: endocardium def: "Part of the heart composed of thin serous membrane and endothelial tissue, that lines the interior of the heart." [AAO:0010408] xref: UBERON:0002165 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000336 ! heart primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000067 name: ventral blood island def: "Region located on the ventral surface of the developing embryo that is a site of hematopoiesis and that is analogous to the yolk sac blood islands of higher vertebrates." [PMID:9618755] synonym: "blood island" BROAD [] synonym: "VBI" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral lateral plate mesoderm" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0003061 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0004473 ! ventral mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! hematological system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000026 ! NF stage 16 [Term] id: XAO:0000068 name: marginal zone def: "Region of intermediate pigmentation between the pigmented animal hemisphere and the unpigmented vegetal hemisphere of the egg." [http://worms.zoology.wisc.edu/frogs/glossary.html] xref: UBERON:0004879 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000069 name: ventral marginal zone def: "Embryonic tissue region that will make the ventral mesoderm." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "VMZ" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000070 name: ventro-lateral marginal zone def: "Region of the marginal zone extending from the ventral to lateral surface." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000071 name: dorso-lateral marginal zone def: "Region of the marginal zone extending from the dorsal to lateral surface." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000072 name: dorsal marginal zone def: "Marginal zone that is a key embryonic tissue region of the early gastrula stage embryo and that houses the Spemann-Mangold organizer." [PMID:17368611] synonym: "DMZ" EXACT [PMID:17368611] synonym: "organizer" RELATED [] synonym: "Spemann organizer" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003062 is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000073 name: obsolete deep (mesenchymal) layer is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000074 name: involuting marginal zone def: "Portion of the marginal zone of the embryo that turns inside the embryo during involution." [http://worms.zoology.wisc.edu/frogs/glossary.html] synonym: "IMZ" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000075 name: involuting marginal zone mesenchymal layer def: "Deep layers of the IMZ consisting of prospective migrating mesodermal cells (which will migrate into the interior and form the leading edge of the mesodermal mantle) and prospective converging and extending mesoderm." [ISBN:0123646200] synonym: "deep involuting marginal zone" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: part_of XAO:0000074 ! involuting marginal zone relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000076 name: involuting marginal zone epithelial layer def: "Layer of prospective mesoderm in the IMZ that will form the roof of the archenteron." [XAO:curators] synonym: "involuting superfical mesdoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "SM" RELATED [] synonym: "superficial involuting marginal zone" RELATED [] synonym: "superficial mesoderm" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: part_of XAO:0000074 ! involuting marginal zone relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000077 name: bottle cell def: "Cell type that is first to migrate inwards at the blastopore during gastrulation." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/bottle+cell] is_a: XAO:0003244 ! gastrula cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000078 name: blastopore lip def: "The edge of the blastopore. Local invagination is caused by narrowing of bottle cells at the exterior edge of the blastula." [ISBN:0387537406] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000208 ! blastopore relationship: start_stage XAO:1000030 ! NF stage 10.25 [Term] id: XAO:0000079 name: prechordal plate def: "Mesodermal structure that lies anterior to the notochord and gives rise to head mesoderm." [VHOG:0000086] xref: UBERON:0003063 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000205 ! axial mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 [Term] id: XAO:0000080 name: forelimb region def: "The region from which the forelimb develops, first recognizable at NF stage 48, and distinct by NF stage 49." [XAO:curators] subset: anatomical_site_slim synonym: "fore limb region" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 [Term] id: XAO:0000081 name: hindlimb region def: "The region from which the hindlimb develops, first recognizable as a slight concentration of mesenchymal cells dorsal and lateral to the anal tube at NF stage 43. The epidermal layers thicken dramatically through to NF stage 48, and become vascularised by NF stage 49." [XAO:curators] subset: anatomical_site_slim synonym: "hind limb region" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000082 name: circumblastoporal collar def: "Embryonic structure that develops around the closed blastopore." [PMID:22138030] synonym: "circumblastoporal region" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000088 ! upper blastopore lip relationship: develops_from XAO:0000089 ! lower blastopore lip relationship: end_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 [Term] id: XAO:0000083 name: involuted dorsal mesoderm def: "Dorsal mesoderm that has grown and curled inward during gastrulation." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/involution] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 relationship: part_of XAO:0000082 ! circumblastoporal collar relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000084 name: involuted ventral mesoderm def: "Ventral mesoderm that has grown and curled inward during gastrulation." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/involution] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 relationship: part_of XAO:0000082 ! circumblastoporal collar relationship: start_stage XAO:1000031 ! NF stage 10.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000085 name: intermediate mesoderm def: "Mesoderm layer between somite and lateral plate. All components of the pronephric kidney arise from this." [AAO:0010575, XAO:CJZ] xref: UBERON:0003064 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000086 name: ciliary marginal zone def: "The region at the periphery of the retina where retinal stem cells are located. It is spatially ordered with respect to cellular development and differentiation, with the youngest and least-determined stem cells closest to the periphery, the proliferative retinoblasts in the middle, and postmitotic cells at the central edge." [PMID:15844194] xref: UBERON:0003065 is_a: XAO:0004122 ! proliferative region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000009 ! retina relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000087 name: tail region def: "The anatomical region of the body posterior to the tail." [XAO:EJS] subset: anatomical_site_slim xref: UBERON:0006071 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0000088 name: upper blastopore lip def: "Dorsal part of the blastopore lip, which forms as a result of the contraction of bottle cells." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "dorsal blastopore lip" RELATED [] synonym: "organizer" BROAD [] synonym: "Spemann organizer" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000078 ! blastopore lip relationship: start_stage XAO:1000030 ! NF stage 10.25 [Term] id: XAO:0000089 name: lower blastopore lip def: "Ventral part of the blastopore lip, which forms as a result of the contraction of bottle cells." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "ventral blastopore groove" RELATED [] synonym: "ventral blastopore lip" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000078 ! blastopore lip relationship: start_stage XAO:1000030 ! NF stage 10.25 [Term] id: XAO:0000090 name: endoderm def: "Primary germ layer that lies remote from the surface of the embryo and gives rise to internal tissues such as gut." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/endoderm] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "entoderm" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000925 is_a: XAO:0003011 ! primary germ layer relationship: develops_from XAO:0003044 ! endomesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000091 name: head endoderm def: "The endoderm of the head." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000092 name: archenteron def: "The cavity of the gastrula forming a primitive gut. At NF stage 20-21 its wide canal becomes dorso-ventrally compressed and narrowed in the future trunk region so that a subdivision into a foregut, a midgut and a hindgut with protruding endodermal mass becomes manifest." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/archenteron, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "gastrocoel" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004735 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000093 name: archenteron floor def: "The layer of cells forming the ventral surface of the archenteron space of the embryo." [PMID:17540356] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000281 ! vegetal yolk mass relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000092 ! archenteron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000094 name: gastrocoel roof plate def: "A transient ciliated epithelium that arises from the involuting superficial mesoderm, forming the dorsal surface of the archenteron space of the embryo." [PMID:17540356, XAO:EJS] synonym: "archenteron roof" EXACT [] synonym: "archenteron roof plate" EXACT [] synonym: "gastrocoel roof" EXACT [] synonym: "GRP" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000076 ! involuting marginal zone epithelial layer relationship: develops_from XAO:0000077 ! bottle cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000083 ! involuted dorsal mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000092 ! archenteron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000095 name: lateral line system def: "Sensory system that has as it parts the sense organs that detect vibrations carried through water, develops during late tailbud stage, and persists in the adult bearing elaborate dorsal and ventral components. It develops from a specialized series of dorsolateral ectodermal placodes named lateral line placodes." [AAO:0000975, ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "lateral line stitches" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral-line organs" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002540 is_a: XAO:0003194 ! sensory system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000096 name: pharyngeal arch def: "One of a series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/branchial+arch] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "pharyngeal arches" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "visceral arch" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002539 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: part_of XAO:0004261 ! pharyngeal region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000097 name: mandibular arch def: "The first of the series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "first visceral arch" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004362 is_a: XAO:0000096 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: develops_from XAO:0000102 ! visceral pouch 1 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003176 ! splanchnocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000098 name: hyoid arch def: "The second of the series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "second visceral arch" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003066 is_a: XAO:0000096 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: develops_from XAO:0000247 ! visceral pouch 2 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000099 name: branchial arch def: "Structures that develop from the pharyngeal arches. Pharyngeal arches are anlage for a multitude of structures. Each pharyngeal arch has a cartilaginous stick, a muscle component which differentiates from the cartilaginous tissue, an artery, and a cranial nerve. Each of these is surrounded by mesenchyme. Arches do not develop simultaneously, but instead possess a staggered development." [ISBN:0023771100] synonym: "branchial arches" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0008896 is_a: XAO:0000096 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000100 name: cardiovascular system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the heart and blood vessels." [BTO:0000088] xref: UBERON:0004535 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0000101 name: liver diverticulum def: "An out-pocket of thickened ventral foregut epithelium adjacent to the developing heart. Its anterior portion gives rise to the liver and intrahepatic biliary tree, while the posterior portion forms the gall bladder, hepato-pancreatic duct, hepato-pancreatic progenitor cells and the bile duct." [UBERON:0008835] xref: UBERON:0008835 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000092 ! archenteron relationship: develops_from XAO:0004513 ! foregut endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000024 ! NF stage 14 [Term] id: XAO:0000102 name: visceral pouch 1 def: "First of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits." [ISBN:0226557634] synonym: "first visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007122 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000103 name: midgut def: "Middle subdivision of the digestive tract. The midgut is the portion of the embryo from which most of the intestines develop. After it bends around the superior mesenteric artery, it is often referred to as the \"midgut loop\". It comprises the portion of the alimentary canal from the end of the foregut at the opening of the bile duct to the hindgut, about two-thirds of the way through the transverse colon." [UBERON:0001045, XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0001045 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000092 ! archenteron relationship: develops_from XAO:0004512 ! midgut primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000104 name: hindgut def: "Posterior subdivision of the digestive tract. The posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the large intestine and cloaca." [UBERON:0001046, XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0001046 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000092 ! archenteron relationship: develops_from XAO:0004511 ! hindgut primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000105 name: pharyngeal cavity def: "The space enclosed by the walls of the pharynx." [BTO:0002097] xref: UBERON:0001731 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000106 name: post-anal gut def: "Tissue that is a temporary extension of the embryonic gut caudal to the cloaca." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gut] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000092 ! archenteron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000107 name: tail bud def: "Rapidly proliferating mass of cells at the caudal extremity of the embryo. Its formation is reflected in a caudal carving of the posterior portion of the archenteric canal at NF stage 22. With its further outgrowth, the postanal gut primordium becomes stretched. Its lumen is in broad communication with the hindgut at NF stage 25." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/tail+bud, ISBN:0815318960] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "tailbud" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002533 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000087 ! tail region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000108 name: chordoneural hinge def: "The anterior limit of the neurenteric canal, which connects the post-anal gut with the central canal of the spinal chord. It is formed from a population of cells derived from the dorsal lip of the late gastrula, and has been shown to be important in tail development." [ISBN:0762302852, PMID:11404094, PMID:7916680] synonym: "chordo neural hinge" EXACT [] synonym: "CNH" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007097 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000107 ! tail bud relationship: part_of XAO:0003204 ! neural tube relationship: part_of XAO:0004057 ! tail tip relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000109 name: posterior wall of neurenteric canal def: "Structure formed by the ventral movement of the proctodeum anlage, which results in the shifting of the circumblastoral collar lateral walls to the posterior end of the embryo." [PMID:7916680] synonym: "posterior wall of NEC" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 relationship: part_of XAO:0005245 ! neurenteric canal relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000110 name: glomeral mesenchyme def: "Portion of tissue that consists of the precursors of the pronephric glomus or glomerulus; derived from the medial portion of the pronephric intermediate mesoderm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "corpuscle" RELATED [] synonym: "glomerulus" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0007128 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! urogenital system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0000111 name: germ cell def: "A cell that is within the developmental lineage of gametes and is able to pass along its genetic material to offspring." [XAO:curators] synonym: "germ cells" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "germ line cell" RELATED [] synonym: "germ line cells" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000586 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000113 name: embryo def: "Anatomical entity that comprises the animal in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems." [BTO:0000379] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: UBERON:0000922 is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity relationship: develops_from XAO:0000035 ! zygote relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000114 name: artery def: "Any of the tubular branching vessels that carry blood from the heart through the body." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/artery] xref: UBERON:0001637 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000115 name: vein def: "Any of the tubular branching vessels that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/vein] xref: UBERON:0001638 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000116 name: capillary def: "Any of the smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/capillary] xref: UBERON:0001982 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000117 name: respiratory system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs involved in breathing in respiration (breathing)." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/respiratory+apparatus] xref: UBERON:0001004 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000118 name: trachea def: "An elongated tube that carries air to and from the lungs." [AAO:0010140] xref: UBERON:0003126 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0005127 ! anterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! respiratory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000119 name: lung def: "Either of two organs that allow gas exchange absorbing oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide with exhaled air." [AAO:0010567] xref: UBERON:0002048 is_a: XAO:0003034 ! viscus is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0005140 ! lung bud relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! respiratory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0000120 name: external gill def: "The primary respiration organ in some species of tadpoles, whose function is the extraction of oxygen from water and the excretion of carbon dioxide. The microscopic structure of a gill is such that it presents a very large surface area to the external environment. Gills usually consist of thin filaments of tissue, branches, or slender tufted processes which have a highly folded surface to increase surface area. A high surface area is crucial for effective gas exchange." [XAO:curators] synonym: "gill" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0008891 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000448 ! gill primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000065 ! NF stage 53 relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! respiratory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0000121 name: bronchus def: "A passage of airway in the respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs." [XAO:curators] synonym: "bronchial tube" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002185 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! respiratory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000062 ! NF stage 50 [Term] id: XAO:0000122 name: hematological system def: "Anatomical system that consists of the blood and blood forming tissues." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/hematologic] synonym: "haematological system" EXACT [] synonym: "haematopoietic system" EXACT [] synonym: "hematopoietic system" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002390 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000123 name: bone marrow def: "Flexible tissue found in the hollow interior of bones. In adults, marrow in large bones produces new blood cells." [UBERON:0002371] xref: UBERON:0002371 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! hematological system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000010 ! juvenile frog stage [Term] id: XAO:0000124 name: blood def: "The fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins carrying nourishment and oxygen to and bringing away waste products from all parts of the animal." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/blood] xref: UBERON:0000178 is_a: XAO:0004001 ! portion of organism substance relationship: develops_from XAO:0004144 ! anterior ventral blood island relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! hematological system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000125 name: alimentary system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/alimentary+system] synonym: "digestive system" RELATED [] synonym: "gut" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001007 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000126 name: oral cavity def: "The cavity of the mouth, bounded by the jaw bones and associated structures." [VHOG:0000188, XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0000167 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: part_of XAO:0003029 ! mouth relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000127 name: esophagus def: "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. At NF stage 57 it is a straight tube, round in cross section, and starting from the pharynx runs backward along the dorsal side of the abdominal cavity. Its lining consists of a columnar glandular epithelium with mucus secreting cells. It is thrown into longitudinal folds." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/esophagus, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "oesophagus" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001043 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005127 ! anterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0000128 name: stomach def: "Internal organ that is the dilated portion of the alimentary tract situated between the esophagus and the beginning of the duodenum. It produces gastric juices involved in the breakdown of food." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/stomach] xref: UBERON:0000945 is_a: XAO:0003034 ! viscus is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0004513 ! foregut endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000129 name: intestine def: "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter." [AAO:0000246] xref: UBERON:0000160 is_a: XAO:0003034 ! viscus is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000130 name: small intestine def: "A part of the alimentary system and principal organ of digestion, comprising the duodenum and ileum and characterized by longitudinal folds. In the tadpole it is a long simple tube with a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells." [PMID:15738398] xref: UBERON:0002108 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000103 ! midgut relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000129 ! intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000131 name: large intestine def: "A short, wide tube that is part of the alimentary system and comprises the colon and rectum and empties into the cloaca. It lacks longitudinal folds characteristic of the small intestine. It absorbs water and salts from the gut lumen." [PMID:21471667] xref: UBERON:0000059 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000104 ! hindgut relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000129 ! intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000132 name: liver and biliary system def: "Anatomical system comprising the liver, gall bladder, and associated ducts." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0002423 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000133 name: liver def: "Organ that secretes bile and participates in formation of certain blood proteins. The liver is the largest internal organ, primarily consisting of hepatocytes, and has a wider variety of functions than any other organs in the body. The hepatocyte is a polarized epithelial cell that exhibits both endocrine and exocrine properties. The biliary epithelial cells (cholangiocytes), sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells (Ito cells), Kupffer cells, and pit cells (liver-specific natural killer cells) represent the majority of non-hepatocyte cell types in the liver. During embryogenesis, the liver is generated in the ventral foregut endoderm." [AAO:0010111, PMID:17474120] xref: UBERON:0002107 is_a: XAO:0003034 ! viscus is_a: XAO:0003164 ! solid compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0003266 ! liver primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000132 ! liver and biliary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000134 name: bile duct def: "Duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001100] synonym: "hepatic duct" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002394 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! liver diverticulum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000132 ! liver and biliary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000135 name: gall bladder def: "A small organ of the alimentary system that aids mainly in fat digestion, and concentrates bile that is produced by the liver." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000208] synonym: "gallbladder" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002110 is_a: XAO:0003034 ! viscus is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! liver diverticulum relationship: develops_from XAO:0004205 ! gall bladder primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000132 ! liver and biliary system relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000136 name: pancreas def: "Internal gland organ with distinct tissues with different endocrine and exocrine functions. Its rudiment has three parts, one dorsal and two ventral primordia. The ventral can be first detected at NF stage 37/38. The dorsal is clearly segregated from the duodenal wall by NF stage 39. At NF stage 40 the right and left primordia have fused just above the gastro-duodenal vein. At NF stage 42 blood vessels penetrate into the crevices between the pancreatic acini making them more conspicuous." [ISBN:0815318960, ISBN:0881679860] xref: UBERON:0001264 is_a: XAO:0003034 ! viscus is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000467 ! dorsal pancreatic bud relationship: develops_from XAO:0001103 ! ventral pancreatic bud relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0000137 name: exocrine pancreas def: "Pancreatic tissue composed of acinar epithelial cells and ductal epithelium that manufacture the proteolytic enzymes and bicarbonate required for digestion." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001249] xref: UBERON:0000017 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000136 ! pancreas relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0000138 name: mesentery def: "A double layer of tissue composed of peritoneum that attaches the visceral organs to the body wall." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0005129] synonym: "mesenterium" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0007826 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000139 name: peritoneum def: "Serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom. It covers most of the intra-abdominal organs, supports the abdominal organs, and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves. It is composed of a layer of mesothelium." [AAO:0010814] xref: UBERON:0002358 is_a: XAO:0004466 ! serous membrane relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000140 name: urogenital system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/genitourinary+tract] xref: UBERON:0004122 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000141 name: mesonephric kidney def: "A visceral organ which provides osmoregulation and waste excretion for tadpoles through adult stages in Xenopus. The mesonephros starts to develop at NF stage 39, then during feeding stage tadpoles through metamorphosis replaces the embryonic pronephros as it degenerates." [XAO:curators] synonym: "adult kidney" RELATED [] synonym: "mesonephros" RELATED [] synonym: "opisthonephros" RELATED [] synonym: "urniere" RELATED [] synonym: "Wolffian body" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000080 is_a: XAO:0005244 ! adult kidney relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! trunk relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0000142 name: genital system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/genitourinary+tract] synonym: "reproductive system" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000990 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000018 ! genital ridge relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! urogenital system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:0000143 name: urinary system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/genitourinary+tract] xref: UBERON:0001008 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! urogenital system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000144 name: ureter def: "Anatomical structure consisting of a long narrow duct that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder." [AAO:0010254] xref: UBERON:0000056 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000143 ! urinary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000146 name: glomerulus def: "A tuft of capillaries found in a Bowman's capsule in which waste products are filtered from the blood and urine formation is initiated." [AAO:0010388, XAO:curators] synonym: "renal corpuscle" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005325 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000292 ! mesonephric nephron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000147 name: obsolete glomerus is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000148 name: mesonephric tubule def: "Any of the excretory units of the mesonephros, which connect to the mesonephric collecting duct." [http://www.bionalogy.com/urinary_system.htm] synonym: "renal tubule" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000083 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000292 ! mesonephric nephron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000149 name: obsolete renal proximal convoluted tubule is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000331 [Term] id: XAO:0000150 name: obsolete loop of Henle is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000151 name: mesonephric collecting duct def: "Duct that connects to the mesonephric nephrons and collects filtrate." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collecting_duct_system] synonym: "collecting duct" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005319 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000148 ! mesonephric tubule relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000152 name: obsolete renal distal convoluted tubule is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000334 [Term] id: XAO:0000153 name: urethra def: "Anatomical structure consisting of a tube carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0000057 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000143 ! urinary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000154 name: bladder def: "The organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys before disposal by urination." [XAO:curators] synonym: "urinary bladder" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001255 is_a: XAO:0003034 ! viscus is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000143 ! urinary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0000155 name: male genitalia def: "Anatomical system comprising the organs of the male reproductive system." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/genitalia] synonym: "male genitals" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0000079 is_a: XAO:0000142 ! genital system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003006 ! male organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:0000156 name: female genitalia def: "Anatomical system comprising the organs of the female reproductive system." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/genitalia] synonym: "female genitals" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0000474 is_a: XAO:0000142 ! genital system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003005 ! female organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:0000157 name: testis def: "Reproductive organ that produces and releases sperm." [XAO:curators] synonym: "testes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0000473 is_a: XAO:0003146 ! gonad relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000155 ! male genitalia relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:0000158 name: endocrine system def: "Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce endocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/endocrine+system] xref: UBERON:0000949 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0000159 name: islets of Langerhans def: "Structure that is made up of islet cells that produce insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin." [UBERON:0000016] synonym: "endocrine pancreas" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000006 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0001103 ! ventral pancreatic bud relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000136 ! pancreas relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! endocrine system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000160 name: pineal gland def: "An unpaired glandular organ subdivision attached on the midline near the posterior and habenular commissures of the epithalamus." [UBERON:0001905] synonym: "epiphysis" RELATED [] synonym: "pineal organ" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001905 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! midbrain relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! endocrine system relationship: part_of XAO:0003198 ! visual system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000162 name: thyroid def: "A two-lobed endocrine gland, located next to the trachea, and producing various hormones, such as triiodothyronine and calcitonin." [UBERON:0002046] synonym: "thyroid gland" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002046 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000444 ! thyroid primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! endocrine system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000163 name: thymus def: "Anatomical structure of largely lymphoid tissue that functions in cell-mediated immunity by being the site where T cells develop." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/thymus] xref: UBERON:0002370 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! endocrine system relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000164 name: adrenal gland def: "Either of a pair of complex endocrine organs near the anterior medial border of the kidney consisting of a mesodermal cortex that produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgenic hormones and an ectodermal medulla that produces epinephrine and norepinephrine." [UBERON:0002369] xref: UBERON:0002369 is_a: XAO:0003164 ! solid compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! endocrine system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 [Term] id: XAO:0000165 name: adrenal cortex def: "Situated along the perimeter of the adrenal gland, the adrenal cortex mediates the stress response through the production of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, including aldosterone and cortisol respectively. It is also a secondary site of androgen synthesis. The perimeter region of the adrenal gland, the site of steroid synthesis." [PMID:14061885, UBERON:0001235] synonym: "interrenal tissue" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001235 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000164 ! adrenal gland relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 [Term] id: XAO:0000166 name: adrenal medulla def: "Part of the adrenal gland, located at the center of the gland and surrounded by the adrenal cortex. It is the innermost part of the adrenal gland, consisting of cells that secrete epinephrine, norepinephrine, and a small amount of dopamine in response to stimulation by sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Composed mainly of hormone-producing chromaffin cells, it is the principal site of the conversion of the amino acid tyrosine into the catecholamines adrenaline (epinephrine), noradrenaline (norepinephrine), and dopamine." [UBERON:0001236] synonym: "chromaffin cells" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001236 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000319 ! trunk neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000164 ! adrenal gland relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000167 name: parathyroid alt_id: XAO:0000450 def: "An organ specialized for secretion of parathyroid hormone. It controls the amount of calcium in the blood and within the bones." [UBERON:0001132] synonym: "epithelial body" RELATED [] synonym: "parathyroid gland" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001132 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000247 ! visceral pouch 2 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000447 ! branchial arch 1 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000452 ! ultimobranchial body relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! endocrine system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000168 name: musculoskeletal system def: "Anatomical system that provides locomotion and physical support to the organism." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0002204 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000169 name: bone tissue def: "The hard form of connective tissue that constitutes the majority of the skeleton." [BTO:0000140] synonym: "bone" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002481 is_a: XAO:0004038 ! skeletal tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004276 ! bone element relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000170 name: cartilage tissue def: "A type of dense connective tissue that is composed of specialized cells, chondrocytes, that produce a large amount of extracellular matrix." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartilage] synonym: "cartilage" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002418 is_a: XAO:0004038 ! skeletal tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004026 ! endoskeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000171 name: joint def: "Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001596] synonym: "articulation" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000982 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004274 ! articular system relationship: part_of XAO:0004313 ! joint region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000172 name: muscle def: "A body tissue consisting of long cells that contract when stimulated and produce motion." [BTO:0000887] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: UBERON:0001630 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004042 ! muscular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000173 name: tendon alt_id: XAO:0000400 def: "A fibrous, strong, connective tissue that connects muscle to bone." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/tendon] xref: UBERON:0000043 is_a: XAO:0004030 ! dense regular connective tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000399 ! tendon fibroblast relationship: develops_from XAO:0005325 ! syndetome relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000174 name: skeletal muscle def: "A type of muscle used to create movement, by applying force to bones and joints. Usually attached to bones by tendons." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletal_muscle] xref: UBERON:0001134 is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: develops_from XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000175 name: smooth muscle def: "Involuntary muscle tissue consisting of uninucleate spindle-shaped fibers. Found within the walls of blood vessels, the alimentary tract, bladder, and reproductive tract." [AAO:0010244, XAO:curators] synonym: "visceral muscle" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001135 is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000176 name: dermal system def: "Anatomical system that consists of the skin and its appendages." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/dermal+system] xref: UBERON:0002416 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000177 name: nervous system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the brain and spinal cord, nerves, ganglia, and parts of the receptor organs and that receives and interprets stimuli and transmits impulses to the effector organs." [AAO:0000324] subset: frequent_anatomy_items xref: UBERON:0001016 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000178 name: peripheral nervous system def: "One of the two major divisions of the nervous system. Its nerves connect the central nervous system with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/peripheral+nervous+system] synonym: "PNS" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000010 is_a: XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000179 name: eye def: "The organ of sight (visual apparatus), almost spherical in shape. At the end of development (NF stage 66) the eyes bulge out of their orbital capsules near the lateral edge of the dorsal side of the head." [ISBN:0815318960, XAO:curators] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "eyes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0000019 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000228 ! optic vesicle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! central nervous system relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: part_of XAO:0003198 ! visual system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000180 name: cornea def: "The transparent front part of the eye that, together with the lens, refracts light." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornea] xref: UBERON:0000964 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004091 ! non-neural ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000181 name: globe def: "A general term for the whole eye, or eye ball, of an organism." [AAO:0010346] synonym: "eye ball" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000182 name: conjunctiva def: "A clear mucous membrane consisting of cells and underlying basement membrane that covers the sclera and lines the inside of the eyelids. It is made of epithelial tissue." [UBERON:0001811] synonym: "conjunctivae" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "conjunctivas" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0001811 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 [Term] id: XAO:0000183 name: sclera def: "The opaque, fibrous, protective, outer layer of the eye containing collagen and elastic fiber." [UBERON:0001773] xref: UBERON:0001773 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 [Term] id: XAO:0000185 name: iris def: "A membrane in the eye, responsible for controlling the amount of light reaching the retina." [UBERON:0001769] xref: UBERON:0001769 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000228 ! optic vesicle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: part_of XAO:0004529 ! uveal tract relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000186 name: ciliary body def: "Circumferential tissue inside the eye composed of the ciliary muscle and ciliary processes." [UBERON:0001775] xref: UBERON:0001775 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: part_of XAO:0004529 ! uveal tract relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 [Term] id: XAO:0000187 name: dorsolateral placode region def: "Lateral neurogenic placode region positioned dorsally to the epibranchial placodes, and that includes the lateral line placodes, the otic placode and the trigeminal placode." [ISBN:0878933840, ZFA:0001310] xref: UBERON:0003067 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! sensorial layer relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0000188 name: optic nerve def: "Cranial nerve that is continuous with the layer of nerve cells on the inner surface of the eye. It exits the neurocranium via the large optic foramen and is covered by a fibrous connective tissue sheath. It transmits visual information from the retina to the brain." [ISBN:080184780X, UBERON:0000941] synonym: "cranial nerve II" EXACT [] synonym: "ON" EXACT [] synonym: "opticus" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000941 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from XAO:0000475 ! optic stalk relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000189 name: auditory apparatus def: "The combination of structures that form the ear and function to transmit vibrations and permit hearing." [ISBN:0070179778] synonym: "ear" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0001690 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000006 ! otic vesicle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003195 ! vestibuloauditory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000190 name: tympanic disk alt_id: XAO:0000212 def: "A flattened, roughly circular cartilage derived from the extrastapes. This thin membrane or integument is stretched over the cartilaginous tympanic annulus in a drum-like manner, and forms the outer ear, receiving airborne vibrations and functioning in hearing." [ISBN:0070179778, PMID:20953303] synonym: "external ear" RELATED [] synonym: "tympanic disc" EXACT [] synonym: "tympanic membrane" RELATED [] synonym: "tympanum" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001691 is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0005141 ! pars externa of the stapes relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! auditory apparatus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0000191 name: middle ear def: "The air-filled cavity within the skull that lies between the outer ear and the inner ear." [UBERON:0001756] synonym: "tympanic cavity" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001756 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! auditory apparatus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0000192 name: inner ear alt_id: XAO:0000194 def: "Labyrinthine anatomical cluster that comprises sensory endorgans specialized for vestibular, auditory, and acoustico-vestibular sensation." [PMID:16217737] synonym: "membranous labyrinth" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001846 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! auditory apparatus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000193 name: osseous labyrinth def: "Structure consisting of the vestibule, lagena, and semicircular canal, cavities that are hollowed out of the substance of the bone, and lined by periosteum. They contain a clear fluid, the perilymph, in which the membranous labyrinth is situated." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bony_labyrinth] synonym: "bony labyrinth" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001839 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000195 name: utricle def: "Inner ear structure into which the semicircular ducts find their outlet. Along with the saccule, it is part of the balancing apparatus (membranous labyrinth) located within the vestibule of the osseous labyrinth." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utricle_(ear)] synonym: "utricular otolith" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001853 is_a: XAO:0000214 ! auditory ossicle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0000196 name: sacculus def: "A major structure of the inner ear, ventral to the utriculus. Two small pouches extend from it: the papilla basilaris, and the papilla amphibiorum. The sacculus functions in the detection of sound." [ISBN:0070179778] synonym: "saccule" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001854 is_a: XAO:0000214 ! auditory ossicle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0000197 name: lagena def: "A vestibular structure of the inner ear consisting of a ventral diverticulum off of the sacculus." [ISBN:1402073755] synonym: "cochlea" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001844 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000193 ! osseous labyrinth relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0000198 name: semicircular canal def: "Any of the three fluid-filled ducts that loop from the utriculus in the inner ear, and help detect movement and maintain balance." [ISBN:0070179778] synonym: "semicircular canals" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "semicircular ducts" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0001840 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000193 ! osseous labyrinth relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000199 name: vestibule def: "The small, oval, bony chamber of the labyrinth. The vestibule contains the utricle and saccule, organs which are part of the balancing apparatus of the ear." [UBERON:0005236] xref: UBERON:0005236 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000193 ! osseous labyrinth relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0000200 name: animal blastomere def: "Pigmented, smaller blastomere of the animal (upper) hemisphere of the cleaving embryo." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "animal hemisphere blastomere" EXACT [] synonym: "micromere" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0000202 ! animal hemisphere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 relationship: part_of XAO:0000202 ! animal hemisphere relationship: start_stage XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) [Term] id: XAO:0000201 name: obsolete olfactory apparatus is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000273 [Term] id: XAO:0000202 name: animal hemisphere def: "Anatomical region that is pigmented (dark brown) and tends to have the uppermost orientation, as it contains the blastocoel and cells that contain only small amounts of yolk. The Xenopus egg is divided into two roughly equal halves: the animal and vegetal hemispheres." [XAO:curator] xref: UBERON:0012284 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000021 ! NF stage 11 relationship: part_of XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000203 name: obsolete archencephalic region is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000204 name: peripheral nerve def: "Any nerve outside the brain or spinal cord that connects with peripheral receptors or effectors." [NCIt:Peripheral_Nerve] xref: UBERON:0002003 is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005199 ! peripheral ganglion relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000205 name: axial mesoderm def: "A type of mesoderm that lies along the central axis, under the neural tube, and gives rise to the notochord." [XAO:curators] synonym: "chordamesoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "chordomesoderm" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003068 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0004406 ! presumptive axial mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000206 name: blastocoel anlage def: "The first appearance of the anatomical space that will become the blastocoel." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000018 ! NF stage 8 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:0000207 name: blastocoel roof def: "The dorsal surface of the blastocoel, the cavity of the blastula." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000294 ! blastocoel relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:0000208 name: blastopore def: "The opening of the archenteron to the exterior, marking the point of origin of the archenteron and the caudal end of the embryo." [ISBN:0023771100] xref: UBERON:0000100 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000281 ! vegetal yolk mass relationship: end_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 relationship: part_of XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone relationship: part_of XAO:0000281 ! vegetal yolk mass relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000209 name: ganglion def: "A cluster of nervous tissue principally composed of neuronal cell bodies external to the central nervous system (CNS)." [UBERON:0000045] synonym: "ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0000045 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0000210 name: spinal ganglion def: "Type of ganglion that is a condensation of sensory neurons on the dorsal root of each spinal nerve. There is one pair of spinal ganglia per myotome, with the spinal ganglia of the trunk region larger and more distinct from each other than those of the tail region." [PMID:17521450, XAO:curators] synonym: "dorsal root ganglion" RELATED [] synonym: "spinal ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0000044 is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000211 name: sympathetic chain def: "Either of the pair of ganglionated longitudinal cords of the sympathetic nervous system of which one is situated on each side of the spinal column." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/sympathetic%20chain] synonym: "sympathetic trunk" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000407 is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000213 name: auditory tube def: "The narrow tube connecting the middle ear with the pharynx, through which air flows to equalize pressure on either side of the tympanic membrane." [ISBN:0070179778] synonym: "eustachian tube" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002393 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! auditory apparatus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0000214 name: auditory ossicle def: "Any of the three tiny bones of the inner ear (columella or stapes, the sacculus and the utriculus) suspended in the otic capsule." [ISBN:0070179778] xref: UBERON:0001686 is_a: XAO:0004276 ! bone element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000189 ! auditory apparatus relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0000215 name: central nervous system def: "The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and that supervises and coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/central+nervous+system] synonym: "CNS" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001017 is_a: XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000216 name: obsolete cortex is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0004467 consider: XAO:0004468 [Term] id: XAO:0000217 name: dermis def: "A layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the skin) and subcutaneous tissues, composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis." [UBERON:0002067] xref: UBERON:0002067 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000220 ! dermatome relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! skin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0000218 name: appendage def: "An internal or external body part or prolongation that projects from, and is attached to, an organ or the main body of an organism." [XAO:curators] synonym: "appendages" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0000026 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0000219 name: obsolete superficial (epithelial) layer is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000220 name: dermatome def: "Somitic compartment that is a precursor of dermis, the cells of which become arranged in a single layer that blankets the myotome, possibly continuously (unsegmented) across somites." [PMID:17313522] xref: UBERON:0004016 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000396 ! head somite 1 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000403 ! head somite 2 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000404 ! head somite 3 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000405 ! head somite 4 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000406 ! trunk somite 1 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000407 ! trunk somite 2 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000408 ! trunk somite 3 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000409 ! trunk somite 4 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000410 ! trunk somite 5 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000411 ! trunk somite 6 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000412 ! trunk somite 7 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000416 ! trunk somite 8 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000417 ! trunk somite 9 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000418 ! trunk somite 10 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000419 ! trunk somite 11 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000420 ! trunk somite 12 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000421 ! trunk somite 13 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000422 ! tail somite 14 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000423 ! tail somite 15 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000424 ! tail somite 16 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000425 ! tail somite 17 relationship: develops_from XAO:0004528 ! tail somite 18 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0005080 ! dermomyotome relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0000221 name: obsolete deuterencephalic region is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000222 name: obsolete ear placode is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0000223 [Term] id: XAO:0000223 name: otic placode def: "Invagination of thickened epithelium near the hindbrain that gives rise to a spherically shaped ear vesicle, including precursors of the sensory epithelia of the inner ear and neurons of cranial nerve VIII." [PMID:16217737] synonym: "auditory placode" RELATED [] synonym: "ear" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0003069 is_a: XAO:0004620 ! neurogenic placode relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! sensorial layer relationship: develops_from XAO:0004207 ! posterior placodal area relationship: end_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 relationship: part_of XAO:0003195 ! vestibuloauditory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000224 name: vegetal part, early involuting def: "Vegetal portion of the marginal zone of the embryo that turns inside the embryo during involution." [http://worms.zoology.wisc.edu/frogs/glossary.html] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: part_of XAO:0000074 ! involuting marginal zone relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000225 name: trigeminal placode def: "The ectodermal precursor of the trigeminal ganglion. The profundal and the trigeminal ganglia are separate distally but fused at their proximal end as they condense around NF stage 24. The trigeminal placode gives rise to the sensory neurons of the ophthalmic and maxillomandibular lobes of cranial nerve V." [PMID:21452441, UBERON:0003070] xref: UBERON:0003070 is_a: XAO:0004620 ! neurogenic placode relationship: develops_from XAO:0000187 ! dorsolateral placode region relationship: develops_from XAO:0004206 ! anterior placodal area relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000226 name: equatorial belt def: "Equatorial zone of the zygote with which the plane of first cleavage aligns." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! zygote relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000227 name: eye primordium def: "First trace of the future visual apparatus. The eye primordia forming antero-lateral evaginations of the closing neural tube are originally massive formations into which only a slit-shaped extension of the neural groove penetrates at NF stage 18. At NF stage 19 they clearly segregate from the anterior portion of the neural tube." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "eye" BROAD [] synonym: "eye anlage" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003071 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004090 ! optic field relationship: end_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 relationship: part_of XAO:0003198 ! visual system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0000228 name: optic vesicle def: "The evagination of neurectoderm, which has pinched off from the anterior neural keel, that precedes formation of the optic cup." [XAO:curators] synonym: "eye" BROAD [] synonym: "eye vesicle" RELATED [] synonym: "optic cup" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004128 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000227 ! eye primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0005316 ! periocular mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 relationship: part_of XAO:0003198 ! visual system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000229 name: fasciculated network of fibrils def: "Randomly dispersed fibrils organized into criss-crossing fascicles or bundles in the coelomic envelope of oocytes." [PMID:2909400] synonym: "coelomic envelope" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue is_a: XAO:0004005 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0000230 name: follicle cell def: "Cell type that forms a layer within an ovarian follicle that surrounds the oocyte." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/follicle+cell] xref: CL:0000477 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000258 ! ovary relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0000231 name: follicle layer def: "A monolayer of follicle cells surrounding the developing oocyte and forming adhesive contacts with the surrounding follicular epithelium." [PMID:619165] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000258 ! ovary relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0000232 name: foregut def: "The anterior part of the alimentary system, from the mouth and esophagus to the duodenum at the entrance of the bile duct. Structures of the foregut are: esophagus, stomach, duodenum, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas. The spleen is located in the foregut region, but is not a gut organ." [UBERON:0001041, XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0001041 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000092 ! archenteron relationship: develops_from XAO:0004513 ! foregut endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000233 name: germ plasm def: "A zone found in the cytoplasm of the egg cells that contains determinants that will give rise to the primordial germ cells. As the zygote undergoes mitotic divisions the germ plasm is ultimately restricted to a few cells of the embryo." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000280 ! vegetal hemisphere relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0000234 name: germinal vesicle def: "The nucleus of the oocyte, it is enclosed in a nuclear envelope and contains neucleoplasm, in which the chromosomes and extranucleoli are embedded. It breaks down as the oocyte matures, being no longer visible by the first meiotic metaphase." [XAO:curators] synonym: "GV" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005038 ! nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000088 ! oocyte stage VI [Term] id: XAO:0000235 name: cardiac mesoderm def: "Two migratory heart primordia that move ventrally during the course of neurulation, and whose fusion begins at the ventral midline at NF stage 16." [XAO:curators] synonym: "heart" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0007005 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005062 ! proepicardium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000236 name: duodenum def: "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)." [ISBN:0815318960] xref: UBERON:0002114 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000130 ! small intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000237 name: ileum def: "The final section of the small intestine." [UBERON:0002116] xref: UBERON:0002116 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000130 ! small intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000238 name: rectum def: "The terminal portion of the large intestine." [VHOG:0001751] xref: UBERON:0001052 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000131 ! large intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000239 name: hepato-pancreatic duct def: "The pancreatic duct and common bile duct together, which enter the descending duodenum." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! liver diverticulum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000132 ! liver and biliary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000240 name: lens placode def: "A thickened portion of ectoderm that serves as the precursor to the lens." [UBERON:0003073] synonym: "lens primordium" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003073 is_a: XAO:0005283 ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! sensorial layer relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0004206 ! anterior placodal area relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000241 name: posterior cardinal vein def: "Vein that returns blood from the trunk and drains into the duct of Cuvier via the pronephric sinus." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "PCV" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002065 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000052 ! cardinal vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000242 name: mesonephric duct def: "Duct that drains the mesonephros and connects it to the ureter." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "Wolffian duct" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003074 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: develops_from XAO:0000063 ! pronephric duct relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000141 ! mesonephric kidney relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000243 name: colon def: "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body." [UBERON:0001155] synonym: "hindgut" BROAD [] synonym: "posterior intestine" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001155 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000131 ! large intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000244 name: cloaca def: "The posterior opening that serves as the common opening for the intestinal, reproductive, and urinary tracts, closed by the cloacal sphincter." [XAO:curators] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "cloacal chamber" RELATED [] synonym: "vent" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000162 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000107 ! tail bud relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000245 name: mitochondrial cloud def: "A prominent mass in the cytoplasm of previtellogenic oocytes. The cloud contains both mitochondria and electron-dense granulofibrillar material (GFM) and is the source of germinal granule material." [GO:0032019] synonym: "Balbiani body" EXACT [] synonym: "MC" RELATED [] synonym: "mitochondrial aggregate" EXACT [] xref: GO:0032019 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0000246 name: myocoelic slit def: "Space that separates the thicker inner sheet of splanchnic mesoderm from the thinner outer somatic mesoderm." [PMID:5449482] is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 relationship: part_of XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: start_stage XAO:1000026 ! NF stage 16 [Term] id: XAO:0000247 name: visceral pouch 2 def: "Second of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits." [ISBN:0226557634] synonym: "second visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007123 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000248 name: neural groove def: "The median dorsal longitudinal groove in the neural plate, directly above the notochord, which appears after neural fold formation." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/neural+groove, XAO:curators] synonym: "median groove" RELATED [] synonym: "neural midline" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005061 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000249 name: neural plate def: "A region of embryonic ectodermal cells that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape and produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube. At NF stage 11.5 is the first indication of neural plate within the sensorial layer of ectoderm. It extends to near the animal pole by NF stage 12.5 and the entire plate is faintly delimited by NF stage 13." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/neural+plate, ISBN:0815318960] xref: UBERON:0003075 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000250 name: posterior neural tube def: "Posterior segment of the neural tube, which develops into the hindbrain and spinal cord." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0003076 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000046 ! chordal neural plate relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0003204 ! neural tube relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000251 name: visceral pouch 3 def: "Third of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits." [ISBN:0226557634] synonym: "third visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007124 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0000252 name: neurocoel def: "An anatomical space that is surrounded by a neural tube." [UBERON:0003842] synonym: "neural tube lumen" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003842 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000253 name: non-involuting marginal zone def: "Animal portion of the marginal zone of the embryo that spreads in front of the animal cap but does not involute during gastrulation." [http://worms.zoology.wisc.edu/frogs/glossary.html] synonym: "NIMZ" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000254 name: visceral pouch 4 def: "Fourth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits." [ISBN:0226557634] synonym: "fourth visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007125 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000255 name: visceral pouch 5 def: "Fifth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches." [ISBN:0226557634] synonym: "fifth visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007126 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000256 name: oocyte def: "The developing female gamete, the differentiation of which is classified into six stages: I (pre-vitellogenic), II (early vitellogenic), III (mid-vitellogenic, formation of pigment), IV (polarization along animal-vegetal axis), V (late vitellogenic), and VI (post-vitellogenic, appearance of equatorial band)." [PMID:4109871] xref: CL:0000023 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000268 ! secondary oogonium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0000257 name: oral evagination def: "An outpocketing of the foregut ventral to the infundibulum and the hypophysis. The walls surrounding this cavity are composed of endoderm." [http://www.uoguelph.ca/zoology/devobio/34mmfrog/db34fg1.htm] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000258 name: ovary def: "Either of paired female reproductive organs involved in production of ova and female sex hormones." [AAO:0000371] xref: UBERON:0000992 is_a: XAO:0003146 ! gonad relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000156 ! female genitalia relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:0000259 name: paraxial mesoderm def: "Area of mesoderm at either side of the midline embryonic notochord that, on segmentation, forms the paired somites." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/paraxial+mesoderm] xref: UBERON:0003077 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004134 ! presumptive paraxial mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000024 ! NF stage 14 [Term] id: XAO:0000260 name: perivitelline space def: "The space between the zona pellucida and the cell membrane of an oocyte or fertilized ovum." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perivitelline_space] is_a: XAO:0004005 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! zygote relationship: start_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage [Term] id: XAO:0000261 name: pigment layer def: "Outer layer of the developing optic vesicle, which contains pigmented epithelium." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 relationship: part_of XAO:0000228 ! optic vesicle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000262 name: polar body def: "A small cell formed by the meiotic division of an oocyte." [CL:0002090] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000088 ! oocyte stage VI relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0000263 name: primary oogonium def: "A germ cell that is a primordial oocyte in a female and that develops into secondary oogonia by mitotic division." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "primary oogonia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003149 ! primordial germ cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000258 ! ovary relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0000264 name: pronephric mesenchyme def: "Portion of tissue that consists of the mesenchymal precursor to the pronephric kidney and that begins to separate from the intermediate mesoderm at NF stage 21 and epithelializes by NF stage 30." [XAO:curators] synonym: "pronephric anlage" RELATED [] synonym: "pronephric bulge" RELATED [] synonym: "pronephric primordium" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005721 is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0000265 name: visceral pouch 6 def: "Sixth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches." [ISBN:0226557634] synonym: "sixth visceral pouch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007127 is_a: XAO:0000282 ! visceral pouch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000266 name: retinal layer def: "Inner layer of the developing optic vesicle, which contains retinal nerve cells." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0001781 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 relationship: part_of XAO:0000228 ! optic vesicle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000267 name: hypophyseal primordium def: "The hypophyseal layer that separates from the stomodeal layer of the stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium at NF stage 29 and 30." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000032 ! stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000268 name: secondary oogonium def: "A type of germ cell that results from the mitotic division of a primary oogonium." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "secondary oogonia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000263 ! primary oogonium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0000269 name: mouth primordium def: "Anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal that is formed as an invagination of the ectoderm and is the future mouth." [UBERON:0000930] synonym: "mouth" BROAD [] synonym: "stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0000930 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000032 ! stomodeal-hypophyseal primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000270 name: sensorial layer of neurectoderm def: "Deep layer of the neural ectoderm, which undergoes early neuronal differentiation." [PMID:11832243] synonym: "deep layer of neurectoderm" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000271 name: somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm def: "Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the future body wall; it underlies the ectoderm." [UBERON:0004871] xref: UBERON:0004871 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000026 ! NF stage 16 [Term] id: XAO:0000272 name: Jacobson's organ def: "An auxiliary olfactory sense organ involved in the detection of pheromones." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vomeronasal_organ] synonym: "organon vomeronasale" EXACT [] synonym: "VNO" EXACT [] synonym: "vomeronasal organ" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002255 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000273 ! olfactory organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! olfactory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0000273 name: olfactory organ def: "Organ comprising the specialized structures subserving the function of the sense of smell." [BTO:0001772] xref: UBERON:0002268 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000005 ! olfactory placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! olfactory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0000274 name: sperm entry point def: "The point on the surface of the egg at which the sperm enters the egg." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! zygote relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000275 name: olfactory pit alt_id: XAO:0004073 def: "A depression on the head of the embryo that becomes converted into a nasal passage." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/olfactory%20pit] synonym: "nasal pit" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005870 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000005 ! olfactory placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000062 ! NF stage 50 relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! olfactory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000276 name: splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm alt_id: XAO:0004273 def: "Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the circulatory system and future gut wall; it overlies endoderm." [UBERON:0004872] synonym: "splanchnic mesoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "visceral mesoderm" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004872 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000026 ! NF stage 16 [Term] id: XAO:0000277 name: choana def: "The internal nasal passages, aperture or cavity in the roof of the buccopharynx." [ISBN:0226557634] synonym: "choanae" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "internal nares" RELATED [] synonym: "posterior nasal apperture" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0004771 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000005 ! olfactory placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000278 name: animal part, late involuting def: "When the marginal zone mesoderm undergoes involution, where the marginal zone contacts the vegetal base." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: part_of XAO:0000074 ! involuting marginal zone relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000279 name: vegetal blastomere def: "Unpigmented, larger blastomere of the vegetal (lower) hemisphere of the cleaving embryo." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "macromere" RELATED [] synonym: "vegetal hemisphere blastomere" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0000280 ! vegetal hemisphere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 relationship: part_of XAO:0000280 ! vegetal hemisphere relationship: start_stage XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) [Term] id: XAO:0000280 name: vegetal hemisphere def: "Anatomical region that is the lower, light-colored hemisphere of the egg, as its cells contain large amounts of dense yolk proteins. The Xenopus egg is divided into two roughly equal halves: the animal and vegetal hemispheres." [XAO:curator] xref: UBERON:0012285 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000021 ! NF stage 11 relationship: part_of XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000281 name: vegetal yolk mass def: "Cell mass in the vegetal region of the embryo that will contribute to endoderm." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "vegetal cell mass" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0000282 name: visceral pouch def: "Pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits." [ISBN:0226557634] synonym: "visceral pouches" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0004117 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0004261 ! pharyngeal region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000283 name: pupil def: "A hole located in the center of the iris of the eye that allows light to enter the retina." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupil] xref: UBERON:0001771 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000284 name: epibranchial placode def: "The three distinct placodal areas which develop from the posterior placodal area and lie ventral to the otic placode and dorsocaudal to the pharyngeal clefts, and contribute to the sensory ganglia for the distal portion of cranial nerves VII IX and X. The proximal neurons are derived from the neural crest." [ISBN:0878933840] xref: UBERON:0003078 is_a: XAO:0004620 ! neurogenic placode relationship: develops_from XAO:0000187 ! dorsolateral placode region relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! sensorial layer relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000285 name: pronephric nephron def: "The structure that is the basic functional unit of the pronephros." [UBERON:0005309] synonym: "pronephric tubule" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005309 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! pronephric kidney relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000286 name: late proximal tubule def: "Portion of the pronephric tubule that is immediately posterior to the early proximal tubule and anterior to the early distal tubule." [PMID:15223337] synonym: "late proximal segment" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal tubule 3" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal tubule segment 3" EXACT [] synonym: "PT3" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0004518 ! proximal tubule relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000287 name: early distal tubule def: "Portion of the pronephric tubule that is immediately posterior to the late proximal tubule and anterior to the late distal segment." [PMID:15223337] synonym: "distal early tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate tubule segment 1" EXACT [] synonym: "IT1" EXACT [] synonym: "pronephric distal early tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "pronephric early distal tubule" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0006337 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0004519 ! distal tubule relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000288 name: early proximal tubule def: "Portion of the pronephric tubule that is immediately anterior to the late proximal tubule." [PMID:15223337] synonym: "proximal tubule 2" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal tubule segment 2" EXACT [] synonym: "PT2" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0004518 ! proximal tubule relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000289 name: late distal tubule def: "Pronephric segment immediately posterior to the early distal tubule and anterior to the pronephric duct." [PMID:15223337] synonym: "distal tubule segment 1" EXACT [] synonym: "DT1" EXACT [] synonym: "late distal segment" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0004519 ! distal tubule relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000290 name: obsolete pronephric nephron segment S1 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000291 name: mesonephric mesenchyme def: "The tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the mesonephros." [UBERON:0005323] xref: UBERON:0005323 is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! trunk relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000292 name: mesonephric nephron alt_id: XAO:0000145 def: "The structure that is the basic functional unit of the adult or mesonephric kidney, consisting of the vascular loop of the glomerulus, the capsule, the nephrocoel, the nephric duct, the nephrostome and the nephric tubule." [ISBN:0521301521] synonym: "nephron" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005322 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000291 ! mesonephric mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000141 ! mesonephric kidney relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000293 name: obsolete neural fold is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0004087 [Term] id: XAO:0000294 name: blastocoel def: "The cavity of the blastula, a closed space that is invaded by early mesenchyme and later obliterated by the enlarging archenteron. It forms during embryogenesis when a zygote (a fertilized ovum) divides into many cells through mitosis." [ISBN:0023771100, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "blastocele" EXACT [] synonym: "blastocyst cavity" RELATED [] synonym: "cleavage cavity" RELATED [] synonym: "segmentation cavity" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000090 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000206 ! blastocoel anlage relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:0000295 name: central endoderm def: "The portion of endoderm between dorsal and ventral blastopore lips, and extending towards to the blastocoel." [XAO:curators] synonym: "endodermal yolk mass" RELATED [] synonym: "vegetal endodermal core" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000026 ! NF stage 16 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000296 name: vegetal def: "Anatomical direction relating to the vegetal pole or hemisphere." [XAO:EJS] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000297 name: animal def: "Anatomical direction relating to the animal pole or hemisphere." [XAO:curators] subset: anatomical_site_slim synonym: "animal hemisphere" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000298 name: dorsal def: "Spatial concept denoting the back or upper surface of the body." [NCIt:Dorsal] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000299 name: ventral def: "Spatial concept denoting the underside or lower surface of the body." [NCIt:Ventral] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000300 name: superficial def: "Spatial concept denoting only the surface of the body." [XAO:EJS] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000301 name: deep def: "Spatial concept denoting extension relatively far inward." [NCIt:Deep] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000302 name: dorso-lateral def: "Spatial concept pertaining to the back of the body and to the side." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/dorsolateral] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000303 name: ventro-lateral def: "Spatial concept pertaining to the part of the body opposite the back and away from the midline." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ventrolateral] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000304 name: lateral def: "Spatial concept pertaining to being situated at or extending to the side." [NCIt:Lateral] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0000305 name: cranial placode def: "A localized ectodermal thickening that develops by apicobasal elongation of cuboidal cells in the inner layer of the ectoderm in the head of the embryos, and is involved in formation of sense organs." [UBERON:0002546] synonym: "cranial placodes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0002546 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000037 ! animal cap inner layer relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! sensorial layer relationship: develops_from XAO:0004104 ! neural plate border relationship: end_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000306 name: floor plate def: "Organizing center consisting of a small group of cells located at the ventral midline of the neural tube that influences the development of the nervous system, governing the specification of neuronal cell types and directing axonal trajectories." [PMID:15738958] synonym: "floorplate" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord floor" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000047 ! notoplate relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! spinal cord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000307 name: anterior neural tube def: "Anterior segment of the neural tube, which develops into the forebrain and midbrain." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0003080 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000045 ! pre-chordal neural plate relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0003204 ! neural tube relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000309 name: marginal zone (sensu neural) def: "Region of the neural tube that will become the white matter of the nervous system." [ISBN:0393974308] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000310 name: anterior neural fold def: "The anterior U-shaped portion of the neural folds, the two longitudinal dorsal ridges, caused by a folding up of the ectoderm, that make their appearance on either side of the middle line of the early neural embryo." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000045 ! pre-chordal neural plate relationship: part_of XAO:0004087 ! neural fold relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000311 name: lateral plate mesoderm def: "Portion of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo that resides on the periphery of the embryo, splits into two layers enclosing the intra-embryonic coelom, and gives rise to body wall structures." [UBERON:0003081] synonym: "LPM" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003081 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 [Term] id: XAO:0000313 name: head somite def: "Any of the transient, degenerating somites that form in the occipital region of the animal." [XAO:curators] synonym: "cranial somite" RELATED [] synonym: "occipital somite" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005594 is_a: XAO:0000058 ! somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: part_of XAO:0000040 ! head region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0000314 name: trunk somite def: "Any of the somites that are posterior to the head and anterior to the tail." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0005598 is_a: XAO:0000058 ! somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! trunk relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0000315 name: myotome def: "Somitic compartment that is a precursor of muscle." [PMID:17313522] synonym: "myotomes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0003082 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0005080 ! dermomyotome relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0000316 name: epicardium def: "The inner layer of the pericardium that is in contact with the surface of the heart. During cardiac development, it is the source of multipotent mesenchymal cells, which give rise to endothelial and smooth muscle cells in coronary vessels and also, possibly, to cardiomyocytes." [AAO:0010409, XAO:curators] synonym: "heart epicardium" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002348 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000336 ! heart primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004482 ! epicardial precursor cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000318 name: glomus def: "Multi-tissue structure that is the filtration unit of the pronephric kidney. A glomus is a glomerulus that spans more than one body segment. It is the vascularized filter of the pronephric kidney. Blood is filtered through the glomus and the filtrate deposited into the coelom early in development, or the nephrocoel later in development. The glomus contains podocytes with well developed foot processes that are anatomically indistinguishable from the podocytes of adult glomeruli. The two glomera are linked via a narrow bridge called the glomeral nexus." [PMID:9268568, XAO:curators] comment: Properly called a glomus as it extends over multiple body segments. synonym: "corpuscle" RELATED [] synonym: "glomera" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "glomerulus" RELATED [] synonym: "renal corpuscle" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004739 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000110 ! glomeral mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! pronephric kidney relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000319 name: trunk neural crest def: "Neural crest cells that migrate along two major pathways: through the somites, to populate the skin where they give rise to pigment cells; cells migrating along the lateral pathway generate sensory and sympathetic ganglia and adrenal chromaffin cells, among others." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "TNC" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk crest" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003083 is_a: XAO:0005327 ! chordal neural crest relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 relationship: part_of XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0000320 name: sensorial layer def: "The inner layer of ectoderm." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0000323 name: profundus ganglion def: "Type of ganglion that is separate distally from the trigeminal ganglia; they become fused at their proximal end as they condense." [PMID:21452441] synonym: "cranial ganglion" RELATED [] synonym: "profundus ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0004093 ! profundal placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000324 name: hypobranchial placode def: "A unique type of neurogenic placode, located ventral and caudal to the 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal pouches, which gives rise to small hypobranchial ganglia of yet unknown function." [PMID:12712315] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000187 ! dorsolateral placode region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000326 name: left spleen primordium def: "Primordium of the spleen, which goes on to form the spleen proper, while the right splenic promordium degenerates." [XAO:curators] synonym: "spleen" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0006293 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000276 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000327 name: right spleen primordium def: "Transient splenic primordia that degenerates by NF stage 40." [XAO:curators] synonym: "spleen" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000276 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0000328 name: spleen def: "Internal lymphoid organ the primary function of which is to filter blood." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0002106 is_a: XAO:0003034 ! viscus is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000326 ! left spleen primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000327 ! right spleen primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000329 name: coelomic epithelium def: "The epithelial lining of the coelom." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0005891 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000271 ! somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000276 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000330 name: Mullerian duct def: "Transient developmental organ that gives rise to oviducts in females (and is documented to persist in some male frogs)." [AAO:0010141] xref: UBERON:0003890 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! urogenital system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 [Term] id: XAO:0000331 name: mesonephric early proximal tubule def: "Structure that is equivalent to the convoluted proximal tubule of metanephric nephrons." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0000148 ! mesonephric tubule relationship: develops_from XAO:0000292 ! mesonephric nephron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000332 name: mesonephric late proximal tubule def: "Structure that is the mesonephros nephron's equivalent to the straight proximal segment of a metanephric nephron." [XAO:curators] synonym: "opisthonephros" RELATED [] synonym: "proximal straight segment" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000148 ! mesonephric tubule relationship: develops_from XAO:0000292 ! mesonephric nephron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000333 name: mesonephric early distal tubule def: "The mesonephric equivalent of the ascending limb, or straight distal segment, of metanephric nephrons." [XAO:curators] synonym: "ascending limb" RELATED [] synonym: "straight distal segment" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005892 is_a: XAO:0000148 ! mesonephric tubule relationship: develops_from XAO:0000292 ! mesonephric nephron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000334 name: mesonephric late distal tubule def: "The site of bicarbonate resorption in the adult kidney. It is equivalent to the convoluted distal segment of metanephric nephrons." [XAO:curators] synonym: "mesonephric late distal segment" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000148 ! mesonephric tubule relationship: develops_from XAO:0000292 ! mesonephric nephron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000336 name: heart primordium def: "The fused aspects of ventral mesoderm, which have migrated from either side of the prechordal plate, and fused ventrally, just behind the cement gland. They give rise to the endocardium at NF stage 27/28." [XAO:curators] synonym: "fused heart primordium" RELATED [] synonym: "heart" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0003084 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004185 ! primary heart field relationship: develops_from XAO:0004186 ! secondary heart field relationship: end_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0000337 name: endocardial tube def: "Region in the embryo that consists of precursor cells for the development of the embryonic heart." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocardial_heart_tubes] synonym: "heart tube" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004141 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000066 ! endocardium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000338 name: ventral aorta def: "The outlet of the embryonic heart; lies in the floor of the pharynx and conducts blood from the bulbus arteriosis to the aortic arches (1-6)." [ISBN:0023771100] xref: UBERON:0003085 is_a: XAO:0003010 ! aorta relationship: develops_from XAO:0000337 ! endocardial tube relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000339 name: left channel of ventral aorta def: "Of the paired ventral aortas in the tadpole, the one that branches into the left aortic arches." [PMID:8928932] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000338 ! ventral aorta relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000340 name: right channel of ventral aorta def: "Of the paired ventral aortas in the tadpole, the one that branches into the right aortic arches." [PMID:8928932] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000338 ! ventral aorta relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000341 name: aortic arch def: "One of a series of six paired embryological vascular structures that give rise to several major arteries." [UBERON:0004363] synonym: "aortic arches" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0004363 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000339 ! left channel of ventral aorta relationship: develops_from XAO:0000340 ! right channel of ventral aorta relationship: develops_from XAO:0004190 ! cardiac neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000342 name: aortic arch 1 def: "The anterior member of a series of six paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch that is part of mandibular arch." [XAO:curators] synonym: "first aortic arch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003118 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000343 name: aortic arch 2 def: "The second in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch that is part of hyoid arch." [ISBN:0023771100] synonym: "second aortic arch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003119 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000344 name: aortic arch 3 def: "The third in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 3 lies within the 3rd branchial arch and branches directly from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta, and are retained as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills in the adult." [ISBN:0023771100] synonym: "third aortic arch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003120 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000345 name: external carotid artery def: "Artery that arises from the ventral aorta and delivers blood to the filter apparatus. It is visible as a bilateral pair of vessels on the ventral surface of the head, running between the heart and the tip of the jaw." [ISBN:0073524239, PMID:12606281] synonym: "ECA" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001070 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000338 ! ventral aorta relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000439 ! filter chamber relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000349 name: larval aorta def: "The aorta of a postembryonic, hatched or immature tadpole, prior to metamorphosis." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! dorsal aorta relationship: develops_from XAO:0000344 ! aortic arch 3 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0000351 name: obsolete secondary vessel is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0000352 name: aortic arch 5 def: "The fifth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 5 artery is paired and has a common trunk with aortic arch 6 from the ventral aorta, and drains via a separate branch of the lateral dorsal aorta. Aortic arches 5 and 6 supply the trunk and tail with oxygenated blood." [ISBN:0023771100] synonym: "fifth aortic arch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003122 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000353 name: aortic arch 6 def: "The sixth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 6 artery is paired and has a common trunk with aortic arch 5 from the ventral aorta, and drains via a separate branch of the lateral dorsal aorta. It forms part of the pulmonary arteries, and in the later embryo, the ductus arteriosis. Aortic arches 5 and 6 together supply the trunk and tail with oxygenated blood." [ISBN:0023771100] synonym: "sixth aortic arch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003123 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000354 name: posterior palatine artery def: "One of three branches of the internal carotid artery, the palatine artery supplies the mouth region." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000342 ! aortic arch 1 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000366 ! internal carotid artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000355 name: aortic arch 4 def: "The fourth in a series of paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae, it lies within the 4th branchial arch. The paired aortic arch 4 arteries branch directly from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta, and are retained as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills in the adult." [ISBN:0023771100] synonym: "fourth aortic arch" EXACT [] synonym: "systemic arch" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003121 is_a: XAO:0000341 ! aortic arch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000356 name: vascular endothelium def: "Simple squamous epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001639] synonym: "vascular endothelia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0004852 is_a: XAO:0004010 ! simple squamous epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000357 name: arterial endothelium def: "The thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall." [XAO:curators] synonym: "endothelium of artery" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001917 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000356 ! vascular endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000358 name: venous endothelium def: "Simple squamous epithelium that lines the veins." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0001919 is_a: XAO:0004010 ! simple squamous epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000356 ! vascular endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000361 name: arteria iliaca communis def: "The blood vessel that bifurcates from the aorta, and supplies the abdominal and pelvic regions." [ISBN:0070179778] synonym: "common iliac artery" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005609 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! dorsal aorta relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000061 ! NF stage 49 [Term] id: XAO:0000362 name: coeliaco-mesenteric artery def: "Artery consisting of many branches which supply blood to various organs in the viscus. One of the major blood vessels, branching off the dorsal aorta and supplying the embryonic foregut organs: liver, stomach, intestine, spleen and pancreas." [AAO:0010499, ISBN:0070179778] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! dorsal aorta relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000363 name: occipitovertebral artery def: "One of paired arteries that extends dorsally from the systemic arch to supply the muscles of the jaw and back." [ISBN:0801836018] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! dorsal aorta relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000364 name: caudal artery def: "The posterior extension of the dorsal aorta to the tail region, which degenerates at metamorphosis." [ISBN:0226557634] synonym: "CA" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003086 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! dorsal aorta relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004151 ! tail vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000365 name: arteria subclavia def: "Artery that branches from either side of the dorsal aorta and delivers blood to the musculature of the shoulder region." [ISBN:0070179778] synonym: "subclavian artery" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001533 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000363 ! occipitovertebral artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:0000366 name: internal carotid artery def: "One of the major arteries of the head, it is the cranial continuation of the aortic arches and the dorsal aorta. It curves ventrally before resuming a dorsal course as it enters the head proper, and it lies ventral to the internal jugular vein. The internal carotid artery gives off palatine, ophthalmic, and cerebral branches by NF stage 41." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "ICA" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001532 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! dorsal aorta relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0000367 name: cerebral artery def: "The anterior continuation of the internal carotid artery, which gives off the nasociliary artery anterior to the eye." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0004449 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000366 ! internal carotid artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000366 ! internal carotid artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000368 name: ophthalmic artery def: "A branch of the internal carotid artery that delivers blood to the eye. Together with the opthalmic vein, it forms a double ring encircling the eye and retina. It enters the eye obliquely by crossing over the ophthalmic vein and the internal jugular vein." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0001619 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000366 ! internal carotid artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000369 name: anterior palatine artery def: "One of three branches of the internal carotid artery, it supplies the mouth region." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000366 ! internal carotid artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000366 ! internal carotid artery relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000370 name: arteria mesenterica posterior def: "The artery that supplies the network of blood vessels (the mesentry) to the large intestine." [ISBN:0070179778] synonym: "posterior mesenteric artery" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005616 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000361 ! arteria iliaca communis relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000062 ! NF stage 50 [Term] id: XAO:0000371 name: right lymph heart def: "The rightmost of the two bilaterally symmetrical lymph hearts that can be seen adjacent to somites 3 and 4 by NF stage 40, and can be seen beating by NF stage 43. Lymph hearts are pulsatile organs, present in lower vertebrates, that function to propel lymph into the venous system." [PMID:12606281, PMID:20067786] is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003199 ! lymphatic system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000372 name: left lymph heart def: "The leftmost of the two lymph hearts, pulsatile organs that are present in lower vertebrates and function to propel lymph into the venous system. Two bilaterally symmetrical lymph hearts can be seen adjacent to the somites 3 and 4 by NF stage 40, and can be seen beating by NF stage 43." [PMID:12606281, PMID:20067786] is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003199 ! lymphatic system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000373 name: duct of Cuvier def: "Bilaterally paired longitudinal vein; the anterior cardinal returns blood from the head, and the posterior cardinal returns it from the trunk; these two vessels join together on each side as the common cardinal vein, also known as the duct of Cuvier that leads to the heart's sinus venosus." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000186] synonym: "common cardinal vein" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002064 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000374 name: dorsal lymph space def: "Large subdermal lymph-containing space located dorsally near the last vertebrae." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000371 ! right lymph heart relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003199 ! lymphatic system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000375 name: lymph vessel def: "A vessel that contains or conveys lymph." [AAO:0011005] synonym: "lymphatic vessel" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001473 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000372 ! left lymph heart relationship: develops_from XAO:0000374 ! dorsal lymph space relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! circulatory system relationship: part_of XAO:0003199 ! lymphatic system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000376 name: omphalomesenteric vein def: "Any of the veins in the embryo that return blood from the yolk sac to the heart or later to the portal vein." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/omphalomesenteric%20vein] xref: UBERON:0005487 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000377 name: capillary system of liver def: "The smallest of the blood vessels, parts of the microcirculation, of the liver." [XAO:curators] synonym: "liver capillary" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000116 ! capillary relationship: develops_from XAO:0000376 ! omphalomesenteric vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000133 ! liver relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000378 name: musculoabdominal vein def: "Ventrolateral component of the external jugular vein." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000379 name: external jugular vein def: "One of the bilateral pairs of vessels clearly seen on the ventral surface of the head, running between the heart and the tip of the jaw, and draining the filter apparatus. This vein is more developed by NF stage 45, when it crosses the head dorsolaterally to drain into the Duct of Cuvier and pronephric sinus." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "external jugular" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001101 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000380 name: lateral postcardinal vein def: "Vein that first appears as disconnected portions lateral to the Wolffian ducts at NF stage 44, gradually becoming continuous. They come into communication with the medial postcardinals at the kidney sinus." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 [Term] id: XAO:0000381 name: mesonephric sinus def: "Sinus that surrounds the mesonephric tubules and puts lateral and medial postcardinal veins into communication with each other." [ISBN:0815318960] xref: UBERON:0006196 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000380 ! lateral postcardinal vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! urogenital system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 [Term] id: XAO:0000382 name: internal jugular vein def: "The main dorsal head vein, it drains into the Duct of Cuvier, and collects blood from the dorsal jaw region, cerebral veins, the ophthalmic vein and the short pharyngeal vein. It forms loop around the olfactory bulb by NF stage 43." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0001586 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000383 name: anterior cardinal vein def: "Vein that returns blood from the dorsal head and drains into the duct of Cuvier via the pronephric sinus." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "ACV" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003087 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000052 ! cardinal vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000384 name: medial cardinal vein def: "Vein that gives rise to the interrenal vein and pronephric sinus." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000052 ! cardinal vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000385 name: pronephric sinus def: "A system of vessels that initially swell from where the anterior and posterior cardinal veins meet before draining into the heart via the duct of Cuvier at NF stage 33 and 34, and then continue to narrow and fold into a characteristic S-shape by NF stage 37 and 38. It continues to loop on itself, at first a loose, then a dense knot of many vessels by NF stage 45." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0006174 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000373 ! duct of Cuvier relationship: develops_from XAO:0000383 ! anterior cardinal vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000384 ! medial cardinal vein relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0002000 ! pronephric kidney relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0000386 name: interrenal vein def: "Vein formed from fusion of the posterior cardinal veins and that extends caudally." [ISBN:0226557626] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000384 ! medial cardinal vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000387 name: hepatic vein def: "Vein that carries blood away from the liver." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000670] xref: UBERON:0001143 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000388 name: posterior vena cava def: "Vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the posterior part of the body to the sinus venosus." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0001072 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000386 ! interrenal vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000387 ! hepatic vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 [Term] id: XAO:0000389 name: gastric vein def: "One of the veins of the alimentary system. The subintestinal vein is on the right side of the gut and drains the gastric vein on its right side by NF stage 43. The gastric veins carry blood low in oxygen from the surface of the stomach, draining into the left omphalomesenteric vein." [ISBN:0226557634, PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0004450 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000390 name: caudal vein def: "Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leading directly into the posterior cardinal vein in the posterior trunk." [XAO:curators] synonym: "CV" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003088 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000386 ! interrenal vein relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004151 ! tail vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000391 name: subinterstitial vein def: "Vein that carries away fluid in the interstitial spaces." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0000392 name: hepatic portal vein def: "Vein that starts in capillaries of the alimentary canal and ends in capillaries of the liver." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "portal vein" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002017 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000393 name: tail vein def: "Vein in the tail returning blood from the tail to the heart." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000180] xref: UBERON:0003481 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004151 ! tail vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000394 name: pulmonary vein def: "Any of the veins that collect blood from the lungs and some small vesicles received from the esophagus." [AAO:0010521] xref: UBERON:0002016 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000395 name: medial abdominal vein def: "Vein in the posterior region that drains the ventral abdominal wall." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 [Term] id: XAO:0000396 name: head somite 1 def: "Transient occipital somite that exists from NF stages 17 to 26 only." [XAO:curators] synonym: "somite W" EXACT [PMID:2769206] is_a: XAO:0000313 ! head somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0000397 name: sclerotome def: "Somitic compartment that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:curators] synonym: "sclerotomes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0003089 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000058 ! somite relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0000399 name: tendon fibroblast def: "An elongated fibroblast type cell, the cytoplasm of which is stretched between the collagen fibres of the tendon." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendon_cell] is_a: XAO:0003017 ! fibroblast relationship: develops_from XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0000401 name: sclerotomal cartilage def: "Sclerotome cells of the cartilage fate." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0000403 name: head somite 2 def: "Transient occipital somite that exists from NF stages 18 to 29 only." [XAO:curators] synonym: "somite X" EXACT [PMID:2769206] is_a: XAO:0000313 ! head somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000404 name: head somite 3 def: "Transient occipital somite that exists from NF stages 18 to 29/30 only." [XAO:curators] synonym: "somite Y" EXACT [PMID:2769206] is_a: XAO:0000313 ! head somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000405 name: head somite 4 def: "Transient occipital somite that exists from NF stages 19 to late 30's." [XAO:curators] synonym: "somite Z" EXACT [PMID:2769206] is_a: XAO:0000313 ! head somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0000406 name: trunk somite 1 def: "Trunk somite that is initially the fifth somite, first forming around NF stage 19 and becoming more anteriorly positioned as the head somites degenerate. It is the most anterior somite by NF stage 45 and is adjacent to the otic vesicle." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "fifth somite" RELATED [] synonym: "somite 1" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0000407 name: trunk somite 2 def: "Trunk somite that is initially the sixth somite and later becomes the secondmost anterior somite." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "sixth somite" RELATED [] synonym: "somite 2" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0000408 name: trunk somite 3 def: "The 1st somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 3" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0000409 name: trunk somite 4 def: "The 2nd somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 4" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0000410 name: trunk somite 5 def: "The 3rd somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 5" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000411 name: trunk somite 6 def: "The 4th somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 6" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0000412 name: trunk somite 7 def: "The 5th somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 7" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0000414 name: sclerotomal mesenchyme def: "Mesenchymal cells that break from the sclerotome. Such cells migrate from the somite to surround the notochord." [ISBN:0123190606] is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: develops_from XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0000415 name: notochordal sheath def: "Mesenchymal covering surrounding the notochord, derived from sclerotomal mesenchyme." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000414 ! sclerotomal mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000074 ! NF stage 62 relationship: part_of XAO:0000055 ! notochord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000416 name: trunk somite 8 def: "The 6th somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 8" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0000417 name: trunk somite 9 def: "The 7th somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 9" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0000418 name: trunk somite 10 def: "The 8th somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 10" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000419 name: trunk somite 11 def: "The 9th somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 11" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000420 name: trunk somite 12 def: "The 10th somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 12" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0000421 name: trunk somite 13 def: "The 11th somite located posterior to the head." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 13" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0000422 name: tail somite 14 def: "The 12th somite located posterior to the head. This somite is resorbed at metamorphosis." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 14" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk somite 14" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003143 ! tail somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0000423 name: tail somite 15 def: "The 13th somite located posterior to the head. This somite is resorbed at metamorphosis." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 15" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk somite 15" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003143 ! tail somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000424 name: tail somite 16 def: "The 14th somite located posterior to the head. This somite forms at NF stage 28, by which time head somite 1 has degenerated, and it is resorbed at metamorphosis." [XAO:curators] synonym: "somite 16" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk somite 16" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003143 ! tail somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000425 name: tail somite 17 def: "The 15th somite located posterior to the head. This somite is resorbed at metamorphosis." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 17" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk somite 17" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003143 ! tail somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000426 name: olfactory nerve def: "Cranial nerve that supplies the nasal organ. It leaves the olfactory lobe, passes through the fenestra olfactoria into the nasal capsule, and there divides into the ramus profundus and ramus dorsalis." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:080184780X] synonym: "cranial nerve I" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001579 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from XAO:0000005 ! olfactory placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! olfactory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000427 name: gasserian ganglion def: "Sensory ganglion of the trigeminal nerve." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigeminal_ganglion] synonym: "gasserian ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0001675 is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0000225 ! trigeminal placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000428 name: trigeminal ganglion def: "A prominent collection of touch-sensory neurons of the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve, positioned beside the brain between the eye and the ear." [UBERON:0001675] synonym: "trigeminal ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "trigeminus ganglion" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001675 is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0000225 ! trigeminal placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0000429 name: cranial nerve alt_id: XAO:0003089 def: "Any of the major paired nerves of the head or cephalic region. Twelve pairs of cranial nerves exit/enter the cranium through openings in the skull. The nerves contain efferent axons with motor and glandular functions, as well as afferent axons from cranial ganglia with sensory functions. They are numbered in a rostral to caudal sequence, with the exception of the lateral line nerves." [XAO:curators] synonym: "cephalic nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerves" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001785 is_a: XAO:0005309 ! cephalic nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000430 name: Rathke's pouch def: "A depression in the roof of the developing mouth in front of the buccopharyngeal membrane. It gives rise to the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis), a part of the endocrine system." [UBERON:0005356] xref: UBERON:0005356 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000269 ! mouth primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000269 ! mouth primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000431 name: tooth def: "Each of a set of hard, bony enamel-coated structures in the jaws, used for biting." [AEO:0000220] synonym: "dentition" BROAD [] synonym: "teeth" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0001091 is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element relationship: develops_from XAO:0000269 ! mouth primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 [Term] id: XAO:0000437 name: death namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Xenopus developmental stage that corresponds to the end of the animal's life." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0000071 is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000095 ! post-embryonic stage [Term] id: XAO:0000439 name: filter chamber def: "The structure that enables tadpoles, which are suspension feeders, to trap food particles. The palatoquadrate, ceratohyal and the connecting muscles are responsible for the irrigation and ventilation of the filter apparatus." [XAO:curators] synonym: "coelom" RELATED [] synonym: "coelomic filter chamber" RELATED [] synonym: "filter apparatus" EXACT [] synonym: "peribranchial chamber" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:1000074 ! NF stage 62 relationship: part_of XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000440 name: lateral line placode def: "Thickened placodal areas located anterior and posterior to the otic vesicle. There are 5 distinct lateral line placodes, each giving rise to a single lateral line nerve that will innervate lateral line hair cells and convey information on motion to the adjacent hindbrain." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "lateral line" BROAD [] synonym: "lateral line placodes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0009128 is_a: XAO:0004620 ! neurogenic placode relationship: develops_from XAO:0004207 ! posterior placodal area relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! lateral line system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0000441 name: infraorbital lateral line primordium def: "Lateral line primordium that migrates ventrad along the posterior and ventral margin of the eye." [PMID:2652193] is_a: XAO:0004411 ! lateral line primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000440 ! lateral line placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000442 name: supraorbital lateral line def: "Lateral line situated along the dorsal margin of the eye." [PMID:2652193] xref: UBERON:0003090 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: develops_from XAO:0000440 ! lateral line placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000443 name: trunk lateral line def: "A lateral line that is present on the trunk of the organism." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: develops_from XAO:0000440 ! lateral line placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000444 name: thyroid primordium def: "The initial thyroid precursor, which arises from the ventral aspect of the second pharyngeal pouch." [UBERON:0003091] synonym: "thyroid" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0003091 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000105 ! pharyngeal cavity relationship: end_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! endocrine system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000445 name: taste bud def: "The organ used for chemoreception." [AAO:0010573] xref: UBERON:0001727 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000105 ! pharyngeal cavity relationship: develops_from XAO:0000446 ! tongue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003197 ! gustatory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000063 ! NF stage 51 [Term] id: XAO:0000446 name: tongue def: "The movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth." [UBERON:0001723] xref: UBERON:0001723 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000097 ! mandibular arch relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000447 name: branchial arch 1 def: "The most anterior, or first, pharygeal/branchial arch, composed of the mandibular process, forming the posterior border of the stomodeum, and the maxillary process anterior to the stomodeum, containing the first aortic arch." [ISBN:0023771100] synonym: "first branchial arch" EXACT [] synonym: "third visceral arch" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003114 is_a: XAO:0000099 ! branchial arch relationship: develops_from XAO:0000251 ! visceral pouch 3 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000448 name: gill primordium def: "A swelling from the 3rd visceral arch at NF stage 35 and 36, which co-occurs with a depression between the 3rd and 6th, forming the external gills by NF stage 39." [XAO:curators] synonym: "external gill anlage" RELATED [] synonym: "gill" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0008894 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000447 ! branchial arch 1 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000449 ! branchial arch 2 relationship: develops_from XAO:0004524 ! pharyngeal mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of XAO:0004261 ! pharyngeal region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000449 name: branchial arch 2 def: "The second pharyngeal/branchial arch; it arises as a thickening of the pharygeal wall between the first and second branchial clefts; contains the second aortic arch; forms part of the hyoid bone, tongue and facial musculature." [ISBN:0023771100] synonym: "fourth visceral arch" RELATED [] synonym: "second branchial arch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003115 is_a: XAO:0000099 ! branchial arch relationship: develops_from XAO:0000254 ! visceral pouch 4 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0000451 name: branchial arch 3 def: "The third in a series of paired bars in the wall of the pharynx, within which are formed the third aortic arch and the cartilage bar of the visceral skeleton, and forms and supports the gills." [ISBN:0023771100] synonym: "fifth visceral arch" RELATED [] synonym: "third branchial arch" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003116 is_a: XAO:0000099 ! branchial arch relationship: develops_from XAO:0000255 ! visceral pouch 5 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000452 name: ultimobranchial body def: "Anatomical structure that includes small, calcitonin producing glands originating as epithelial growths from the sixth pharyngeal pouch." [AAO:0010547] xref: UBERON:0003092 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000453 ! branchial arch 4 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! endocrine system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000453 name: branchial arch 4 def: "The fourth in a series of paired bars in the wall of the pharynx, within which are formed the fourth aortic arch and the cartilage bar of the visceral skeleton; forms and supports the gills." [ISBN:0023771100] synonym: "fourth branchial arch" EXACT [] synonym: "sixth visceral arch" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003117 is_a: XAO:0000099 ! branchial arch relationship: develops_from XAO:0000265 ! visceral pouch 6 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000454 name: liver parenchyme def: "The functional units of the liver including the lobules." [UBERON:0001280] xref: UBERON:0001280 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! liver diverticulum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000133 ! liver relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000455 name: biliary tree def: "Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which consist of the bile ducts." [UBERON:0001173] synonym: "biliary tract" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001173 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! liver diverticulum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000132 ! liver and biliary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0000457 name: pyloric sphincter def: "Sphincter muscle that is part of the pyloric region of the stomach." [UBERON:0001202] xref: UBERON:0001202 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005130 ! distal stomach relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005158 ! pylorus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0000458 name: occipital lateral line def: "A short lateral line that extends from the ear in a posterior-dorsal direction." [PMID:2652193] xref: UBERON:0003093 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: develops_from XAO:0000440 ! lateral line placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0000459 name: infraorbital lateral line def: "Lateral line situated along the posterior and ventral margin of the eye." [PMID:2652193] xref: UBERON:0003094 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: develops_from XAO:0000441 ! infraorbital lateral line primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000460 name: hyomandibular lateral line def: "Lateral line complex that radiates on the ventral side of the head from a point between the eye and the base of the larval tentacle." [PMID:2652193] is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: develops_from XAO:0000441 ! infraorbital lateral line primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0000461 name: trunk placode def: "Thickened plate of ectoderm that contributes to the formation of the dorsal, middle, or ventral lateral line." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! sensorial layer relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0000462 name: dorsal lateral line def: "The dorsal-most part of the sensory system on the surface of the tadpole consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the tadpole through the water, as well as facilitating schooling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0003095 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: develops_from XAO:0000461 ! trunk placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000463 name: middle lateral line def: "A lateral line that extends from the ear in a posterior direction between the upper and lower lateral lines." [PMID:2652193] xref: UBERON:0003096 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: develops_from XAO:0000461 ! trunk placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000464 name: ventral lateral line def: "Ventrally located lateral line that runs over the abdomen." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: develops_from XAO:0000461 ! trunk placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0000465 name: caudal lateral line def: "Cranial nerve of the caudal lateral line that enters the brain between cranial nerves VIII and IX; contains afferents and sensory efferents to the posterior lateral line ganglion and middle ganglion. Fibers from the posterior lateral line ganglion innervate the occipital dorsal lateral line and trunk lateral lines." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0006334 is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: develops_from XAO:0000464 ! ventral lateral line relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 [Term] id: XAO:0000467 name: dorsal pancreatic bud def: "The pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct." [XAO:curators] synonym: "pancreas" BROAD [] synonym: "primary pancreatic bud" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003923 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004270 ! hepato-pancreatic progenitor cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000469 name: dorsal tail fin def: "The dorsal part of the tail fin." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0003097 is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: develops_from XAO:0000319 ! trunk neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004062 ! tail fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0000470 name: unicellular gland def: "Any of the large number of glands of the larval skin, particularly common in the fins and adjacent skin of the trunk; also formed in the former frontal gland area on the upper jaw." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000320 ! sensorial layer relationship: end_stage XAO:1000010 ! juvenile frog stage relationship: start_stage XAO:1000062 ! NF stage 50 [Term] id: XAO:0000471 name: xanthophore def: "A type of colored melanophore (mobile pigment cells of the dermis and epidermis) that contain fat-soluble carotenoids (obtained from the diet) and pteridines (synthesized from the cell) which are stored in pterinosomes. Their color depends on the pattern of carotenoids and pteridines. They are rarely found in pre-metamorphic larvae." [CL:0000430, ISBN:0226557634] xref: CL:0000430 is_a: XAO:0003014 ! pigment cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 [Term] id: XAO:0000472 name: iridophore def: "A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. The cell contains flat light-reflecting platelets, probably of guanine, in stacks called reflecting platets or iridisomes. The color-generating components produce a silver, gold, or iridescent color." [AAO:0010318] synonym: "guanophore" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000431 is_a: XAO:0003014 ! pigment cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000071 ! NF stage 59 [Term] id: XAO:0000474 name: choroid fissure def: "Part of the eye that forms during the transition from optic vesicle to optic cup as a groove at the lateroventral edge of the optic vesicle, which expands medially. The ventral edges of the optic vesicle then wrap around the fissure and fuse with one another, ultimately leading to a channel through which blood vessels and optic nerve fibres pass." [PMID:24478172] synonym: "optic fissure" RELATED [] synonym: "ventral choroidal fissure" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005412 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000228 ! optic vesicle relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0000475 name: optic stalk def: "Neural tissue comprising the proximal part of either of the optic vesicles as they project towards the sides of the head; it remains narrow and constitutes the optic stalk (the peripheral part of each expands to form a hollow bulb)." [UBERON:0003098, XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0003098 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000228 ! optic vesicle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0001001 name: cranial neural crest def: "The most anterior of 5 distinct and partially overlapping functional domains of the premigratory neural crest, which are intially part of the neural epithelium. CNC cells migrate through the extracelluar matrix in 4 highly conserved streams: the mandibular crest, hyoid crest, anterior branchial crest and the posterior branchial crest." [XAO:curators] synonym: "cephalic neural crest" RELATED [] synonym: "CNC" EXACT [] synonym: "head crest" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003099 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000270 ! sensorial layer of neurectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0001002 name: lung primordium def: "Anterior endoderm that develops into the lung buds, and in turn, the lungs. A pair of lateral diverticula just over the liver rudiment is formed by the floor of the foregut just anterior to the liver diverticulum." [ISBN:0815318960, XAO:curators] synonym: "lateral diverticula" RELATED [] synonym: "lung" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0005597 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0001010 name: circulatory system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the blood and lymph vessels." [XAO:curators] synonym: "vascular system" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0004535 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0001011 name: blood vessel def: "Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body." [BTO:0001102] synonym: "blood vessels" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "vasculature" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001981 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! circulatory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0001012 name: Stirnorgan def: "Structure that is part of the pineal system, is located in the skin on the dorsal surface of the head, and is exposed continuously to ambient illumination." [DOI:10.1007/BF00663609] synonym: "frontal organ" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000160 ! pineal gland relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003198 ! visual system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 [Term] id: XAO:0001013 name: musculature of face def: "Muscle tissue forming the facial muscles, a group of striated muscles innervated by the facial nerves." [XAO:curators] synonym: "facial muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "facial muscles" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0001577 is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0001014 name: melanophore def: "A pigment cell that contains melanin (a brownish-black pigment), is derived from the neural crest, and is patchily distributed in the epidermis of the tadpole." [XAO:CJZ] comment: General convention refers to "melanophores" in lower vertebrates and "melonocytes" in amniotes but there is little if any difference between cell types. synonym: "melanocyte" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000148 is_a: XAO:0003014 ! pigment cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0004510 ! melanoblast relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0001015 name: rectal diverticulum def: "Paired outgrowths of the cloaca that link the pronephric ducts to the exterior of the organism." [UBERON:0006172, XAO:curators] synonym: "rectal diverticula" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0006172 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000244 ! cloaca relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000143 ! urinary system relationship: part_of XAO:0000244 ! cloaca relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0001016 name: abdominal myoblast def: "The myoblast that forms the muscles of the anterior abdominal walls." [AAO:0010314] synonym: "abdominal musculature" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003015 ! myoblast relationship: develops_from XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: part_of XAO:0003230 ! trunk musculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0001017 name: connective tissue def: "Portion of tissue that consists of mesodermally derived cells and intercellular matrix composed of protein fibers and carbohydrates, which supports, ensheathes and binds together other tissues." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001632] synonym: "portion of connective tissue" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002384 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0001018 name: anterior lymph sac def: "The protrusion of mesenchymal tissue of the anterior cardinal vein which forms lymph sacs." [PMID:17062017] synonym: "rostral lymph sac" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000358 ! venous endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003199 ! lymphatic system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000071 ! NF stage 59 [Term] id: XAO:0001019 name: proctodeum def: "Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into the common cloacal passage. The most posterior section of the larval alimentary system." [XAO:curators, ZFA:0000066] synonym: "anus" RELATED [] synonym: "anus porus" RELATED [] synonym: "proctodaeum" EXACT [] synonym: "vent" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000931 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000082 ! circumblastoporal collar relationship: develops_from XAO:0000208 ! blastopore relationship: develops_from XAO:0004091 ! non-neural ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0005230 ! larval alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0001020 name: elastica externa def: "Notochordal membrane covering derived from notochordal epithelium. Its first indication is at NF stage 24, and it is a distinct membrane by NF stage 28." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "notochordal sheath" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0013655 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000055 ! notochord relationship: end_stage XAO:1000074 ! NF stage 62 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0001021 name: notochordal epithelium def: "Outer layer of cells of the differentiating notochord, which give rise to the elastica externa and interna." [http://dev.biologists.org/content/1/4/411.abstract] is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000055 ! notochord relationship: end_stage XAO:1000074 ! NF stage 62 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0001101 name: first pancreatic bud def: "One of two pancreatic primordia that give rise to a ventral pancreatic bud." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "pancreas" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0003921 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: part_of XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0001102 name: second pancreatic bud def: "Second of two pancreatic primordia that give rise to a ventral pancreatic bud." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "pancreas" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: part_of XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0001103 name: ventral pancreatic bud def: "Either of the two ventral pancreas rudiments that join and fuse with the right end of the dorsal pancreatic rudiment." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "pancreas" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0003924 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0001101 ! first pancreatic bud relationship: develops_from XAO:0001102 ! second pancreatic bud relationship: develops_from XAO:0004270 ! hepato-pancreatic progenitor cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0002000 name: pronephric kidney def: "Transient embryonic organ that serves as a kidney, providing osmoregulation during early developmental stages, and then degenerates during metamorphosis (starting at NF stage 53) as the mesonephric kidney develops and becomes functional." [XAO:curators] subset: frequent_anatomy_items synonym: "head kidney" RELATED [] synonym: "pronephros" RELATED [] synonym: "vorniere" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002120 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: XAO:0005243 ! embryonic kidney relationship: develops_from XAO:0000264 ! pronephric mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0004521 ! coelom relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003000 name: anatomical structure def: "Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome." [CARO:0000003] xref: CARO:0000003 xref: UBERON:0000061 is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0003001 name: anatomical group def: "Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue." [CARO:0000054] xref: CARO:0000054 xref: UBERON:0000480 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003002 name: anatomical system def: "Anatomical group that has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity." [CARO:0000011] xref: CARO:0000011 xref: UBERON:0000467 is_a: XAO:0003001 ! anatomical group relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003003 name: unspecified def: "Unspecified Xenopus anatomical entity." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003004 name: whole organism def: "Anatomical structure that is an individual member of Xenopus laevis." [CARO:0000012] subset: organism_views subset: sectional_anatomy_items synonym: "ubiquitous" BROAD [] xref: CARO:0000012 xref: UBERON:0000468 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003005 name: female organism def: "Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes." [CARO:0000028] xref: CARO:0000028 xref: UBERON:0003100 is_a: XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003006 name: male organism def: "Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes." [CARO:0000027] xref: CARO:0000027 xref: UBERON:0003101 is_a: XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003007 name: anatomical entity in vitro namespace: xenopus_anatomy_in_vitro def: "An experimentally manipulated tissue or portion of the developing embryo, that can be culture alone (in vitro)." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity [Term] id: XAO:0003008 name: activin-induced ectoderm namespace: xenopus_anatomy_in_vitro def: "Ectoderm section that has been dissected from the embryo, and treated with activin, and maintained in vitro." [PMID:14061885] is_a: XAO:0003007 ! anatomical entity in vitro [Term] id: XAO:0003009 name: disaggregated/reaggregated ectoderm treated with activin namespace: xenopus_anatomy_in_vitro def: "NF stage 8 ectoderm of Xenopus laevis embryos that have been cut and disaggregated. The cells have been treated with activin at a concentration to induce endodermal tissue. Afterwards the reaggregated cells have been cultured until control sibling embryos reach stage 12/13." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/UniGene/library.cgi?ORG=Xl&LID=1962] is_a: XAO:0003007 ! anatomical entity in vitro [Term] id: XAO:0003010 name: aorta def: "The main artery of the circulatory system which carries oxygenated blood from the heart to all the arteries of the body except those of the lungs." [AAO:0010213] xref: UBERON:0000947 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0003011 name: primary germ layer def: "A layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation. The types of germ layers are the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm." [BTO:0000556] synonym: "embryonic germ layer" RELATED [] synonym: "germ layer" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000923 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0003012 name: cell def: "Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane." [CARO:0000000] xref: CARO:0000013 xref: CL:0000000 xref: GO:0005623 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0003013 name: organism subdivision def: "Anatomical structure that is a primary subdivision of the whole organism." [CARO:0000032] synonym: "body part" RELATED [] xref: CARO:0000032 xref: UBERON:0000475 is_a: XAO:0005002 ! multicellular anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0003014 name: pigment cell def: "Cell type that contains a deposition of coloring matter, the first of which differentiate during late tailbud stage, and that by NF stage 56 has produced a fully differentiated larval pigmentation pattern." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/pigment+cell, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "chromatophore" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000147 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000319 ! trunk neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! skin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0003015 name: myoblast def: "Embryonic (precursor) cell of the myogenic lineage that develops from the mesoderm." [CL:0000056] xref: CL:0000056 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0003016 name: blastomere alt_id: XAO:0003243 def: "An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote)." [CL:0000353] synonym: "blastoderm cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000353 is_a: XAO:0003241 ! early embryonic cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 relationship: part_of XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: start_stage XAO:1000011 ! NF stage 2 (2-cell) [Term] id: XAO:0003017 name: fibroblast def: "A connective tissue cell that secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules." [CL:0000057] synonym: "keratocyte" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000057 is_a: XAO:0003255 ! mesodermal cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0003018 name: primary spermatogonium def: "A germ cell that is a primordial spermatocyte in a male and that develops into secondary spermatogonia by mitotic division." [ISSN:0289-0003] synonym: "primary spermatogonia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003149 ! primordial germ cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000157 ! testis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000071 ! NF stage 59 [Term] id: XAO:0003019 name: spermatocyte def: "The developing male gamete." [XAO:curators] xref: CL:0000017 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003020 ! secondary spermatogonium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000071 ! NF stage 59 [Term] id: XAO:0003020 name: secondary spermatogonium def: "A type of germ cell that results from the mitotic division of a primary spermatogonium." [ISSN:0289-0003] synonym: "secondary spermatogonia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003018 ! primary spermatogonium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000071 ! NF stage 59 [Term] id: XAO:0003021 name: obsolete spinal cord neuron is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0005018 [Term] id: XAO:0003022 name: Rohon-Beard neuron def: "Type of neuron that is a primary mechanosensory cell, with peripheral neurites innervating the skin with free nerve endings. It first appears in trunk levels at NF stage 33/34, and at NF stage 35/36 has somas that are the largest in the spinal cord. It forms a nearly continuous double row of cells along the cord's medial dorsal surface and contributes ascending and descending axons to the dorsal tract. It appears well back in the tail by NF stage 39, begins to decline at NF stage 50 and is few in number, with pycnotic nuclei, at NF stage 55." [ISBN:0815318960, PMID:17506218] synonym: "Rohon Beard cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000247 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0003023 name: neuron def: "Cell that is the basic unit of nervous tissue, each consisting of a body, an axon, and dendrites, and the purpose of which is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system." [CL:0000540] synonym: "nerve cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000540 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0004272 ! migrating neuroblast relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0003024 name: head def: "Organism subdivision that is the part of the body consisting of the cranial and pharyngeal regions." [AAO:0010335] subset: frequent_anatomy_items subset: organism_views xref: UBERON:0000033 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000040 ! head region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0003025 name: trunk def: "Organism subdivision that is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001115] subset: organism_views xref: UBERON:0002100 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000054 ! trunk region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0003026 name: tail def: "Organism subdivision that is the terminal, flexible posterior appendage of the larva. It is resorbed during metamorphosis beginning with degeneration of the notochord's distal tip at NF stage 61, followed by degeneration gradually extending to its more proximal regions and reaching its proximal end by NF stage 62. By NF stage 66 it exists only as a small dorsal swelling." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/tail, ISBN:0471209627] subset: organism_views xref: UBERON:0007812 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000087 ! tail region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0003027 name: limb def: "Organism subdivision that has as its parts the jointed appendages used for locomotion and manipulation." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0002101 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: develops_from XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003028 name: surface structure def: "Organism subdivision that is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000292] xref: UBERON:0003102 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0003029 name: mouth def: "Cavity in which food is initially ingested and generally contains teeth, tongue and glands." [AAO:0010355] xref: UBERON:0000165 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from XAO:0000269 ! mouth primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0003030 name: forelimb def: "One of the pair of limbs that are situated anteriorly, develop in sacs that separate them from the gill chamber, are well-defined buds by NF stage 48, are innervated by NF stage 51, and are ossified by NF stage 59." [BTO:0001729, ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "anterior limb" EXACT [] synonym: "fore limb" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002102 is_a: XAO:0003027 ! limb relationship: develops_from XAO:0003065 ! forelimb bud relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004284 ! pectoral appendage relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003031 name: hindlimb def: "One of the pair of limbs that are situated posteriorly, are evident as buds laterally by NF stage 47, and are innervated by NF stage 51." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "hind limb" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior limb" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002103 is_a: XAO:0003027 ! limb relationship: develops_from XAO:0003066 ! hindlimb bud relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004285 ! pelvic appendage relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003032 name: digit def: "One of several most distal parts of a limb." [UBERON:0002544] xref: UBERON:0002544 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004265 ! autopod relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003033 name: nostril def: "Surface structure that provides one of the small external openings of the head that give passage to air for breathing." [http://dictionary.reference.com/medical/nostril] xref: UBERON:0005928 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 [Term] id: XAO:0003034 name: viscus def: "An internal organ of the body; especially: one (as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper." [BTO:0001491] synonym: "viscera" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0002075 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! trunk relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003035 name: hindlimb digit def: "Any of the 5 digits that are the most distal parts of a hindlimb, each digit consisting of a single metatarsal, 2-4 phalanges, and a claw." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "hind digit" EXACT [] synonym: "pedal digit" EXACT [] synonym: "toe" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001466 is_a: XAO:0003032 ! digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003062 ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0004300 ! foot relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003036 name: forelimb digit def: "Any of the 4 digits that are the most distal part of a forelimb, each digit consisting of a single metatarsal and 2-3 phalanges. Xenopus forelimb digits are numbered 2-5, with no digit number 1." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "fore digit" EXACT [] synonym: "manual digit" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002389 is_a: XAO:0003032 ! digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003061 ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0004299 ! hand relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 [Term] id: XAO:0003037 name: multi-tissue structure def: "Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types." [CARO:0000055] xref: CARO:0000055 xref: UBERON:0000481 is_a: XAO:0005002 ! multicellular anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0003038 name: simple organ def: "Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ." [CARO:0000021] xref: CARO:0000021 xref: UBERON:0000472 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0003039 name: compound organ component def: "Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ." [CARO:0000019] xref: CARO:0000019 xref: UBERON:0000471 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0003040 name: tissue def: "Multicellular anatomical structure that consists of many cells of one or a few types, arranged in an extracellular matrix such that their long-range organization is at least partly a repetition of their short-range organization." [CARO:0000043] synonym: "portion of tissue" EXACT [] xref: CARO:0000043 xref: UBERON:0000479 is_a: XAO:0005002 ! multicellular anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:0003041 name: compound organ def: "Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types." [CARO:0000024] xref: CARO:0000024 xref: UBERON:0003103 is_a: XAO:0005002 ! multicellular anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0003042 name: embryonic structure def: "An anatomical structure that exists only before the organism is fully formed." [BTO:0000174] xref: UBERON:0002050 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003043 name: primordium def: "An embryonic structure that is the rudiment or commencement of a part or organ." [UBERON:0001048] synonym: "primordia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0001048 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:0003044 name: endomesoderm def: "Primary germ layer that can give rise to both mesoderm and endoderm." [XAO:curators] synonym: "mesendoderm" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000089 is_a: XAO:0003011 ! primary germ layer relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0003045 name: epithelium def: "Portion of tissue that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and that is underlain by a basal lamina." [CARO:0000066] xref: CARO:0000066 xref: UBERON:0000483 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0003046 name: mesenchyme def: "Portion of embryonic tissue consisting of loosely organized, undifferentiated mesodermal or neural crest derived cells, that have specific properties (they are migratory, have no polarity). Mesenchyme cells are incorporated into a wide variety of structures including connective tissue, blood, bone and cartilage as development continues." [AAO:0010427, XAO:CJZ] synonym: "mesenchymal tissue" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003104 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0003047 name: nerve def: "Portion of tissue that consists of a fasciculated group of axons." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0001021 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003048 name: egg def: "A mature female germ cell that is capable of initiating formation of a new individual by fusion with a male gamete." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/gamete] synonym: "ovum" RELATED [] synonym: "unfertilized egg" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000025 is_a: XAO:0003150 ! gamete relationship: develops_from XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000093 ! adult frog stage [Term] id: XAO:0003049 name: adipose tissue def: "Connective tissue in which fat is stored." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/adipose+tissue] xref: UBERON:0001013 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0003050 name: fat body def: "Anatomical structure associated with the gonads that vary in form among amphibians but are primarily composed of adipose tissue and are thought to be a source of nutrients for the gonads. A body of adipose tissue, in the form of finger-like projections, usually associated with the anterior end of the testis and ovaries. Fat bodies are suspended from the body wall by dorsal mesentry which is fused with the gonadal mesentry (the mesovarium or mesorchidium)." [AAO:0000157, ISBN:0070179778] xref: UBERON:0003428 is_a: XAO:0003049 ! adipose tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:0003051 name: anterior dorsal lateral plate region def: "Region located near the pronephros and pronephric ducts that is a site of hematopoiesis in the embryo." [PMID:9618755] synonym: "ADLPR" EXACT [] synonym: "AGM region" RELATED [] synonym: "aorta-gonads-mesonephros region" RELATED [] synonym: "dorsal lateral plate region" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0003105 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! hematological system relationship: part_of XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0003052 name: oviduct def: "A simple ciliated tube through which the ovum travels from the ovaries to the cloaca and the external environment. It is lined with mucus-secreting glands that produce the jelly that surrounds the ovum." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oviduct] xref: UBERON:0000993 is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: develops_from XAO:0000330 ! Mullerian duct relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000156 ! female genitalia relationship: start_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 [Term] id: XAO:0003053 name: Keller explant namespace: xenopus_anatomy_in_vitro def: "A rectangle of dorsal mesendoderm and ectoderm from an early-gastrula-stage Xenopus laevis embryo. It is approximately 60 deg to 90 deg wide, extending from the bottle cells to the animal pole." [ISBN:9780879695040] is_a: XAO:0003007 ! anatomical entity in vitro [Term] id: XAO:0003054 name: stem cell def: "A relatively undifferentiated cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells." [CL:0000034] xref: CL:0000034 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0003055 name: hematopoietic stem cell def: "A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system." [CL:0000037, ZFA:0009014] synonym: "HSC" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000037 is_a: XAO:0003054 ! stem cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000067 ! ventral blood island relationship: part_of XAO:0003051 ! anterior dorsal lateral plate region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0003056 name: anterior def: "Spatial concept denoting the front surface of the body; often used to indicate the position of one structure relative to another." [NCIt:Anterior] subset: anatomical_site_slim subset: sectional_anatomy_items is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0003057 name: posterior def: "Spatial concept denoting the back surface of the body." [NCIt:Posterior] subset: anatomical_site_slim subset: sectional_anatomy_items is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0003058 name: obsolete larval structure is_obsolete: true [Term] id: XAO:0003059 name: chondrocranium def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of a cartilaginous skull that begins to form during early tadpole stage." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "cartilaginous skull" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004761 is_a: XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003060 name: skeletal system def: "Anatomical system that provides physical support to the organism." [AAO:0000566] xref: UBERON:0001434 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000168 ! musculoskeletal system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0003061 name: forelimb skeleton def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a free forelimb region." [UBERON:0001440] xref: UBERON:0001440 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003030 ! forelimb relationship: part_of XAO:0003166 ! appendicular skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 [Term] id: XAO:0003062 name: hindlimb skeleton def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a free hindlimb region." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "hind limb skeleton" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001441 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of XAO:0003166 ! appendicular skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003063 name: pectoral girdle def: "Arched skeletal structure that supports the forelimbs, the rudiments of which can be distinguished in mesenchyme at NF stage 51, and is complete by NF stage 60." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/pectoral+girdle, ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "shoulder girdle" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0007831 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003166 ! appendicular skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000063 ! NF stage 51 [Term] id: XAO:0003064 name: pelvic girdle def: "Arched skeletal structure that supports the hindlimbs, begins to develop at NF stage 50, and is ossified by NF stage 66." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/pelvic+girdle, ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "pelic skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "pelvis" RELATED [] synonym: "pelvis skeleton" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0007832 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: develops_from XAO:0004493 ! pelvic girdle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003166 ! appendicular skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003065 name: forelimb bud def: "The anterior limb bud that develops into the fore limb; oval shaped in dorsal aspect by NF stage 50, and paddle shaped by NF stage 53; all four fingers and melanophores apparent by NF stage 54." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0005417 is_a: XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 [Term] id: XAO:0003066 name: hindlimb bud def: "The posterior limb bud that develops into the hindlimb; a thickening of the ectoderm first noticeable at NF stage 47, innervated by NF stage 51. The hindlimb buds develop before the forelimb buds." [XAO:curators] synonym: "hind limb bud" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005418 is_a: XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: end_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 [Term] id: XAO:0003067 name: obsolete fore epipodium is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0004297 [Term] id: XAO:0003068 name: obsolete fore mesopodium is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0003207 [Term] id: XAO:0003069 name: obsolete hind propodium is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0004296 [Term] id: XAO:0003070 name: obsolete hind metapodium is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0003212 [Term] id: XAO:0003071 name: obsolete fore propodium is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0004295 [Term] id: XAO:0003072 name: obsolete hind epipodium is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0004298 [Term] id: XAO:0003073 name: postcranial axial skeleton def: "Skeletal structure that has as its parts the vertebral column, located in the dorsal part of the trunk, and is formed by a series of vertebrae. It provides suspension for the appendicular skeleton and protection for the spinal nerve cord." [AAO:0000034] xref: UBERON:0002090 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: develops_from XAO:0000401 ! sclerotomal cartilage relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004011 ! axial skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003074 name: vertebral column def: "Anatomical cluster that consists of all the vertebrae in the body." [VSAO:0000185] synonym: "spine" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001130 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003073 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003075 name: cranium def: "Skeletal system that is part of the head, including the splanchnocranium, chondrocranium, and dermatocranium." [XAO:curators] synonym: "cranial skeleton" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0010323 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: part_of XAO:0003060 ! skeletal system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003076 name: cervical vertebra def: "The first vertebra, which arises from the trunk somites 1 and 2." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "atlas vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "first vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "first vertebrae" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0002413 is_a: XAO:0004019 ! vertebra relationship: develops_from XAO:0000406 ! trunk somite 1 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000407 ! trunk somite 2 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003077 name: presacral vertebra def: "The vertebra anterior to the sacral vetebra." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "presacral vertebrae" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0004451 is_a: XAO:0004019 ! vertebra relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 [Term] id: XAO:0003078 name: sacral vertebra def: "The 9th vertebra, which arises from the trunk somites 9 and 10. It joins the illia laterally at NF stage 60 and later coalesces with the urostyle in the midline of the pelvic girdle to form a single unit in the adult frog." [PMID:15679868, XAO:CJZ] synonym: "ninth vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "ninth vertebrae" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "sacral vertebrae" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0001094 is_a: XAO:0004019 ! vertebra relationship: develops_from XAO:0000417 ! trunk somite 9 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000418 ! trunk somite 10 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 [Term] id: XAO:0003079 name: caudal vertebra def: "The bones that make up the tail region of the tadpole." [XAO:curators] synonym: "caudal vertebrae" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "postsacral vertebra" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001095 is_a: XAO:0004019 ! vertebra relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003064 ! pelvic girdle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003080 name: urostyle def: "Skeletal element in the midline of the pelvic girdle that arises from somites 10-13. It is a rodlike caudal bony structure unique to anurans that lies within a compartment formed by the elongated, anteriorly oriented pelvic girdle. It is formed by the fusion of the neural arches of the 10th-13th vertebrae, and the posterior-most remnants of the hypochord. Timing of complete ossification varies between NF stages 62 and 66." [AAO:0000732, PMID:15679868, XAO:CJZ] xref: UBERON:0003106 is_a: XAO:0004276 ! bone element relationship: develops_from XAO:0000056 ! hypochord relationship: develops_from XAO:0000418 ! trunk somite 10 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000419 ! trunk somite 11 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000420 ! trunk somite 12 relationship: develops_from XAO:0000421 ! trunk somite 13 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003073 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 [Term] id: XAO:0003081 name: larynx def: "Anatomical structure consisting of a narrowly triangular chamber supported by a series of semicircular cartilages in which part of the sound-production system is located." [AAO:0000268] xref: UBERON:0001737 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! respiratory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0003082 name: obsolete sucker is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000033 [Term] id: XAO:0003083 name: braincase and otic capsule skeleton def: "Skeleton encasing the brain and auditory apparatus." [ISBN:0070179778] is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0003084 name: lower jaw def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of the ventral portion of the first pharyngeal arch." [TAO:0001273, XAO:EJS] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003278 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003085 name: Meckel's cartilage def: "Paired cartilaginous component of the lower jaw that fuses together through a median inferior labial cartilage, resulting in a single curved bar of cartilage by metamorphic climax. During metamorphosis it is surrounded by the developing dentale and goniale." [PMID:3693112] synonym: "cm" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003107 is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0000024 ! mandibular crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000097 ! mandibular arch relationship: part_of XAO:0003084 ! lower jaw relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0003086 name: suspensorium def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of the mandibular structures which connect the base of the lower jaw with the skull." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Suspensorium] xref: UBERON:0003108 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003176 ! splanchnocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003087 name: upper jaw def: "The dorsal portion of the first pharyngeal arch." [TAO:0001272, XAO:EJS] synonym: "palatoquadrate arch" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003277 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003088 name: seminiferous tubule def: "Any of the coiled tubules located in the testes in which spermatozoa are produced." [AAO:0010399] xref: UBERON:0001343 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000157 ! testis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003090 name: oculomotor nerve def: "Cranial nerve that largely consists of somatic efferent fibers which innervate four eye muscles (m rectus superior, m obliquus inferior, and mm rectus inferior and anterior)." [ISBN:080184780X] synonym: "cranial nerve III" EXACT [] synonym: "oculomotorius" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001643 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0003091 name: trochlear nerve def: "Somatic efferent nerve that runs to the superior oblique muscle of the eye." [ISBN:080184780X] synonym: "cranial nerve IV" EXACT [] synonym: "pathetic nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "trochlearis" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001644 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0003092 name: trigeminal nerve def: "Cranial nerve that has three branches: the ophthalmic branch that supplies the skin of the nose and upper jaw, and the maxillary and mandibular branches that supply the lower jaw." [UBERON:0001645] synonym: "cranial nerve V" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminus" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001645 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from XAO:0004092 ! preplacodal ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003093 name: abducens nerve def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [UBERON:0001646] synonym: "abducens" EXACT [] synonym: "abducent nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial nerve VI" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001646 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000061 ! NF stage 49 [Term] id: XAO:0003094 name: facial nerve def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the supraorbital (supplying the skin of the eye region and the lateral line organs here), the palatine (to the roof of the buccal cavity), and the hyomandibular (dividing into the jugular and mental branches)." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "cranial nerve VII" EXACT [] synonym: "facialis" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001647 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003197 ! gustatory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0003095 name: vestibulocochlear nerve def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the ear. It has two branches, the cochlear nerve and the vestibular nerve, which receives positional information." [XAO:curators] synonym: "auditory nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve VIII" EXACT [] synonym: "stato-acoustic nerve" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001648 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003195 ! vestibuloauditory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0003096 name: glossopharyngeal nerve def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the ramus communicans (to the skin), the pretrematic (to the walls of the pharynx and mouth, viscero-sensory fibers), and the larval post-trematic branch (lost in the adult)." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "cranial nerve IX" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001649 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003197 ! gustatory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003097 name: vagus nerve def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the lateral (to body sense organs) and the intestino-accessorial (to the skin, muscles of shoulder, hyoid, larynx, gut, lungs, and heart)." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "cranial nerve X" EXACT [] synonym: "vagal nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "vagus afferents" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001759 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from XAO:0000284 ! epibranchial placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003197 ! gustatory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0003098 name: cerebellum def: "A dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum." [UBERON:0002037] xref: UBERON:0002037 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! hindbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0003099 name: fourth ventricle def: "Irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space." [UBERON:0002422] synonym: "4th ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "IVth ventricle" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002422 is_a: XAO:0004602 ! brain ventricle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! hindbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0003100 name: medulla oblongata def: "Posterior portion of the hindbrain that controls respiration, heartbeat, digestion, and swallowing as well as some locomotor responses." [AAO:0010486] xref: UBERON:0001896 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! hindbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0003101 name: spinal nerve def: "A mixed nerve that carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_nerve] xref: UBERON:0001780 is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003102 name: transverse process def: "Any of the projections on each side of the vertebra from the point where the neural arch lamina joins the pedicel for the articulation with the head of a single-headed rib or the upper head of a double-headed rib. Also called diapophyses. They provide surfaces for the attachment of muscles. In anurans, the term transverse process is used in reference to the processes associated with the presacral and postsacral vertebrae." [AAO:0000698] xref: UBERON:0001077 is_a: XAO:0004020 ! process relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004019 ! vertebra relationship: start_stage XAO:1000073 ! NF stage 61 [Term] id: XAO:0003103 name: claw def: "Anatomical structure consisting of a small, pointed keratinized appendage at the end of each of the three inner toes of the hindlimbs." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0001705 is_a: XAO:0003162 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004416 ! claw primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003035 ! hindlimb digit relationship: start_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 [Term] id: XAO:0003104 name: myotome of head somite 1 def: "Compartment of head somite 1 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000396 ! head somite 1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0003105 name: myotome of head somite 2 def: "Compartment of head somite 2 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000403 ! head somite 2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0003106 name: myotome of head somite 3 def: "Compartment of head somite 3 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000404 ! head somite 3 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0003107 name: myotome of head somite 4 def: "Compartment of head somite 4 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000405 ! head somite 4 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0003108 name: myotome of trunk somite 1 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 1 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 1" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000406 ! trunk somite 1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0003109 name: myotome of trunk somite 2 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 2 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 2" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000407 ! trunk somite 2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0003110 name: myotome of trunk somite 3 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 3 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 3" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000408 ! trunk somite 3 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0003111 name: myotome of trunk somite 4 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 4 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 4" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000409 ! trunk somite 4 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0003112 name: sclerotome of head somite 4 def: "Compartment of head somite 4 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000405 ! head somite 4 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0003113 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 1 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 1 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 1" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000406 ! trunk somite 1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0003114 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 2 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 2 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 2" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000407 ! trunk somite 2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0003115 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 3 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 3 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 3" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000408 ! trunk somite 3 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0003116 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 4 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 4 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 4" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000409 ! trunk somite 4 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0003117 name: myotome of trunk somite 5 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 5 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 5" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000410 ! trunk somite 5 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0003118 name: myotome of trunk somite 6 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 6 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 6" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000411 ! trunk somite 6 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0003119 name: myotome of trunk somite 7 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 7 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 7" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000412 ! trunk somite 7 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0003120 name: myotome of trunk somite 8 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 8 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 8" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000416 ! trunk somite 8 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0003121 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 5 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 5 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 5" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000410 ! trunk somite 5 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0003122 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 6 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 6 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 6" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000411 ! trunk somite 6 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0003123 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 7 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 7 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 7" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000412 ! trunk somite 7 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0003124 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 8 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 8 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 8" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000416 ! trunk somite 8 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0003125 name: myotome of trunk somite 9 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 9 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 9" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000417 ! trunk somite 9 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0003126 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 9 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 9 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 9" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000417 ! trunk somite 9 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0003127 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 10 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 10 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 10" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000418 ! trunk somite 10 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0003128 name: myotome of trunk somite 10 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 10 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 10" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000418 ! trunk somite 10 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0003129 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 11 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 11 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 11" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000419 ! trunk somite 11 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0003130 name: myotome of trunk somite 11 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 11 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 11" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000419 ! trunk somite 11 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0003131 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 12 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 12 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 12" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000420 ! trunk somite 12 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0003132 name: myotome of trunk somite 12 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 12 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 12" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000420 ! trunk somite 12 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0003133 name: sclerotome of trunk somite 13 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 13 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 13" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000421 ! trunk somite 13 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0003134 name: myotome of trunk somite 13 def: "Compartment of trunk somite 13 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 13" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000421 ! trunk somite 13 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0003135 name: sclerotome of tail somite 14 def: "Compartment of tail somite 14 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 14" EXACT [] synonym: "sclerotome of trunk somite 14" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000422 ! tail somite 14 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0003136 name: myotome of tail somite 14 def: "Compartment of tail somite 14 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 14" EXACT [] synonym: "myotome of trunk somite 14" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000422 ! tail somite 14 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0003137 name: sclerotome of tail somite 15 def: "Compartment of tail somite 15 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 15" EXACT [] synonym: "sclerotome of trunk somite 15" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000423 ! tail somite 15 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0003138 name: myotome of tail somite 15 def: "Compartment of tail somite 15 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 15" EXACT [] synonym: "myotome of trunk somite 15" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000423 ! tail somite 15 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0003139 name: sclerotome of tail somite 16 def: "Compartment of tail somite 16 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 16" EXACT [] synonym: "sclerotome of trunk somite 16" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000424 ! tail somite 16 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003140 name: myotome of tail somite 16 def: "Compartment of tail somite 16 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 16" EXACT [] synonym: "myotome of trunk somite 16" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000424 ! tail somite 16 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003141 name: sclerotome of tail somite 17 def: "Compartment of tail somite 17 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 17" EXACT [] synonym: "sclerotome of trunk somite 17" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000425 ! tail somite 17 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003142 name: myotome of tail somite 17 def: "Compartment of tail somite 17 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of somite 17" EXACT [] synonym: "myotome of trunk somite 17" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0000425 ! tail somite 17 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003143 name: tail somite def: "Any of the somites that form posterior to the trunk and are resorbed at metamorphosis." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0009621 is_a: XAO:0000058 ! somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0003026 ! tail relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0003144 name: amphibian papilla def: "The principal auditory organ of the frog, which utilizes both mechanical and electrical (hair cell-based) frequency tuning mechanisms for hearing, located near the junction of the utricle and the saccule bones of the inner ear." [PMID:10377339] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0003145 name: basilar papilla def: "A sensory structure in the lagenar portion of an amphibian's membranous labyrinth between the oval and round windows." [XAO:curators] synonym: "papilla basilaris" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002227 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:0003146 name: gonad def: "Anatomical structure that produces gametes as well as certain sex hormones controlled by the pituitary gonadotropins. Reproductive organ that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis)." [AAO:0000213, ZFA:0000413] xref: UBERON:0000991 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! trunk relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:0003147 name: spermatozoon def: "A mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid." [CL:0000019] synonym: "sperm" RELATED [] synonym: "spermatozoa" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000019 is_a: XAO:0003150 ! gamete relationship: develops_from XAO:0003151 ! spermatid relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000093 ! adult frog stage [Term] id: XAO:0003148 name: obsolete germ line cell is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0000111 [Term] id: XAO:0003149 name: primordial germ cell def: "Cell that arises from the endodermal germ plasm and can be detected by NF stage 28 in the endodermal mass. At NF stages 42-47, PGCs migrate to the two genital ridges, which are the first rudiments of the gonads. By NF stage 50, the PGCs begin to loose their yolky material. In males, starting at NF stage 52, PGCs migrate from the genital ridge cortical region into the medullary tissue, where they will form primary spermatogonia at sexual maturity. In females, the medullary tissue remains free of PGCs; they instead embed in the cortical region and multiply to form primary oogonia, which will mature into ova at sexual maturity." [ISBN:0815318960, XAO:curators] synonym: "PGC" EXACT [] synonym: "primitive germ cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000670 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000233 ! germ plasm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0003150 name: gamete def: "A mature male or female germ cell." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/gamete] xref: CL:0000300 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000142 ! genital system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000093 ! adult frog stage [Term] id: XAO:0003151 name: spermatid def: "Male germ cell that is derived from spermatocytes and develops into spermatozoa." [NCIt:Spermatid] xref: CL:0000018 is_a: XAO:0000111 ! germ cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003019 ! spermatocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000071 ! NF stage 59 [Term] id: XAO:0003152 name: immune system def: "Anatomical system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medlineplus/immune+system] xref: UBERON:0002405 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003153 name: larval immune system def: "The immune system of a postembryonic, hatched or immature tadpole, prior to metamorphosis." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003154 name: adult immune system def: "The complete system of biological structures and processes within the adult organism that protects against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000093 ! adult frog stage [Term] id: XAO:0003155 name: lymphocyte def: "A cell of the B cell, T cell, or natural killer cell lineage." [CL:0000542] xref: CL:0000542 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0005323 ! lymphoblast relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003156 name: natural killer cell def: "A lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells." [CL:0000623] synonym: "natural killer T cell" RELATED [] synonym: "NK cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000623 is_a: XAO:0003157 ! T cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003157 name: T cell def: "A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex." [AAO:0010311] xref: CL:0000084 is_a: XAO:0003155 ! lymphocyte relationship: develops_from XAO:0003159 ! thymocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003158 name: B cell def: "One of the two types of lymphocytes (the others being T cells). All lymphocytes begin their development in the bone marrow. B cells are involved in so-called humoral immunity." [XAO:curators] xref: CL:0000236 is_a: XAO:0003155 ! lymphocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003159 name: thymocyte def: "An immature T cell located in the thymus." [AAO:0010312] is_a: XAO:0003155 ! lymphocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000163 ! thymus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003160 name: anatomical cluster def: "Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another." [CARO:0000041] xref: CARO:0000041 xref: UBERON:0000477 is_a: XAO:0003001 ! anatomical group relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003161 name: limb bud def: "Structure that is an early outgrowth of a presumptive limb." [AAO:0010375] xref: UBERON:0004347 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 [Term] id: XAO:0003162 name: acellular anatomical structure def: "Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue." [CARO:0000040] synonym: "acellular structure" EXACT [] xref: CARO:0000040 xref: UBERON:0000476 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0003163 name: basal lamina def: "Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue." [CARO:0000065] synonym: "basement lamina" BROAD [] xref: CARO:0000065 xref: UBERON:0000482 is_a: XAO:0003162 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0003164 name: solid compound organ def: "Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces." [CARO:0000074] xref: CARO:0000074 xref: UBERON:0000491 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0003165 name: cavitated compound organ def: "Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces." [CARO:0000072] xref: CARO:0000072 xref: UBERON:0000489 is_a: XAO:0003041 ! compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:0003166 name: appendicular skeleton def: "Skeletal structure that has as its parts the pectoral and pelvic girdles, which articulate with the axial skeleton, together with their associated limbs, the forelimbs and hindlimbs." [AAO:0000747] xref: UBERON:0002091 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003167 name: obsolete fore metapodium is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0003208 [Term] id: XAO:0003168 name: obsolete hind mesopodium is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0003211 [Term] id: XAO:0003169 name: dermatocranium def: "Subdivision of skeleton that includes all dermal bones in the cranial skeleton." [UBERON:0003113] xref: UBERON:0003113 is_a: XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003170 name: neurocranium def: "Anatomical cluster that consists of the cartilages and bones that surround the brain." [TAO:0001580, XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0001703 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003171 name: orbital region def: "An anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye." [AAO:0010220] xref: UBERON:0001697 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003172 name: olfactory region def: "Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the neurocranium and provides structural support for the olfactory organs." [AAO:0010206] xref: UBERON:0003112 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003173 name: occipital region def: "An anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the neurocranium and forms the margin of the foramen margin and occipital condyles." [AAO:0010199] xref: UBERON:0005902 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003174 name: sphenoid region def: "Anatomical cluster that forms the floor and side walls of the middle part of the cranium." [UBERON:0003111] xref: UBERON:0003111 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0003175 name: otic region def: "Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the neurocranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system." [AAO:0010208] xref: UBERON:0003110 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0003176 name: splanchnocranium def: "Regional skeletal system of the jaws, hyoid and branchial arches." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001216] xref: UBERON:0008895 is_a: XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0003177 name: hyoid arch skeleton def: "Skeletal subdivision comprising the skeletal elements of the hyoid arch." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0005884 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000098 ! hyoid arch relationship: part_of XAO:0003176 ! splanchnocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0003178 name: dorsal hyoid arch skeleton def: "Skeletal subdivision comprising the dorsal skeletal elements of the hyoid arch." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0011152 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003177 ! hyoid arch skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0003179 name: ventral hyoid arch skeleton def: "Skeletal subdivision comprising the ventral skeletal elements of the hyoid arch." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0011153 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003177 ! hyoid arch skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0003180 name: branchial arch skeleton def: "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the branchial arches; the last five of the set of seven pharyngeal arches; generally branchial arch no. 1 is the first branchial arch, or the third pharyngeal arch, but some authors do not follow this convention." [PMID:8589427] synonym: "gill arch skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "pharyngeal arch skeleton 3-7" RELATED [] synonym: "visceral arch skeleton" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005886 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000099 ! branchial arch relationship: part_of XAO:0003176 ! splanchnocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0003181 name: branchial arch skeleton 1 def: "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the first branchial or pharyngeal arch." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003180 ! branchial arch skeleton relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000447 ! branchial arch 1 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0003182 name: branchial arch skeleton 2 def: "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the second branchial or pharyngeal arch." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003180 ! branchial arch skeleton relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000449 ! branchial arch 2 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0003183 name: branchial arch skeleton 3 def: "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the third branchial or pharyngeal arch." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003180 ! branchial arch skeleton relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000451 ! branchial arch 3 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0003184 name: branchial arch skeleton 4 def: "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the fourth branchial or pharyngeal arch." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003180 ! branchial arch skeleton relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000453 ! branchial arch 4 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0003185 name: anatomical direction def: "Any spatial descriptor that describes the orientation of the anatomical features of an embryo." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity [Term] id: XAO:0003186 name: anatomical region def: "A region of the whole organism that contains a recognizable set of structures or anatomical entities." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity relationship: develops_from XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0003187 name: medial def: "Spatial concept pertaining to being toward the middle or inside." [NCIt:Medial] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0003188 name: proximal def: "Spatial concept denoting a part of the body that is closer to the center of the body than another part." [NCIt:Proximal] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0003189 name: distal def: "Spatial concept denoting a part of the body that is farther away from the center of the body than another part." [NCIt:Distal] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction [Term] id: XAO:0003190 name: anatomical space def: "Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures." [CARO:0000005] xref: CARO:0000005 xref: UBERON:0000464 is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity relationship: develops_from XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:0003191 name: left atrium def: "The chamber of the heart that receives blood from the lungs." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0002079 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005198 ! cardiac atrium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 [Term] id: XAO:0003192 name: right atrium def: "The chamber of the heart that receives blood from the sinus venosus." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0002078 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005198 ! cardiac atrium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 [Term] id: XAO:0003193 name: cardiac ventricle def: "Cardiac chamber that consists of a wall that surrounds the cavity of a ventricle. The amphibian heart has a single ventricle and an outflow tract with an incomplete spiral septum." [UBERON:0002082] xref: UBERON:0002082 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0003194 name: sensory system def: "Part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensory_system] xref: UBERON:0001032 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0003195 name: vestibuloauditory system def: "The sensory system used for balance and hearing." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0002105 is_a: XAO:0003194 ! sensory system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0003196 name: olfactory system def: "The sensory system used for olfaction (the sense of smell)." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_system] xref: UBERON:0005725 is_a: XAO:0003194 ! sensory system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0003197 name: gustatory system def: "The sensory system used for the sense of taste." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustatory_system] xref: UBERON:0001033 is_a: XAO:0003194 ! sensory system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0003198 name: visual system def: "The sensory system used for sight." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0002104 is_a: XAO:0003194 ! sensory system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0003199 name: lymphatic system def: "Part of the circulatory system that consists of a series of vessels that collect blood (exclusive of erythrocytes) which seeps through capillary walls and return it to the veins. The lymphatic system of vasculature drains lymph fluid from the tissue spaces of most organs and returns it to the blood vasculature for recirculation. The lymphatic sytem functions in immune responses. Anurans generate a lot of lymphatic fluid, largely as a consequence of their very leaky vasculature and high interstitial compliance. Lymph is ultimately pumped into the venous system by paired, dorsally located lymph hearts. Hedrick et al (2007) showed that lung inflation and deflation assists lymph movement. Lymph is moved during lung deflation to the subvertebral sac from anterior and posterior lymph sacs. During lung inflation, increased lymph sac pressure moves lymph to axillary regions, where lymph hearts can return lymph to the vascular space." [AAO:0010522, PMID:17981861, XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0002465 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0003200 name: gut epithelium def: "The epithelium of the gut." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0003929 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0003201 name: oral epithelium def: "Epithelium that lines the oral cavity, with many short microvilli as well as mucous cells, rodlet cells and taste buds." [UBERON:0002424] xref: UBERON:0002424 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003029 ! mouth relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0003202 name: pharyngeal epithelium def: "Epithelium lining the pharynx, consisting largely of simple columnar epithelium." [TAO:0001174, XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0003351 is_a: XAO:0004007 ! unilaminar epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:0003203 name: dental epithelium def: "Epithelium that is part of a developing tooth or dental organ." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0005134] xref: UBERON:0003843 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 [Term] id: XAO:0003204 name: neural tube def: "Hollow epithelial tube on the dorsal side of the embryo that develops into the brain and spinal cord." [AAO:0010617] xref: UBERON:0001049 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000248 ! neural groove relationship: develops_from XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! central nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0003205 name: chondrocyte def: "Polymorphic cell type that forms cartilage." [CL:0000138] synonym: "cartilage cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000138 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003238 ! chondroblast relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000170 ! cartilage tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0003206 name: podocyte def: "Cell type that is a component of the glomus." [XAO:curators] synonym: "podocytes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000653 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0000318 ! glomus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0003207 name: carpus def: "The cluster of bones in the wrist between the radius, ulna and metacarpus, they do not belong to individual fingers, but allow the wrist to move and rotate." [ISBN:0070179778] xref: UBERON:0009880 is_a: XAO:0004276 ! bone element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003061 ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0004299 ! hand relationship: start_stage XAO:1000069 ! NF stage 57 [Term] id: XAO:0003208 name: metacarpus def: "Each of the bones forming the part of the hand between the fingers and the wrist." [http://www.infovisual.info/02/028_en.html] xref: UBERON:0010544 is_a: XAO:0004276 ! bone element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003061 ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0004299 ! hand relationship: start_stage XAO:1000069 ! NF stage 57 [Term] id: XAO:0003209 name: radio-ulna def: "Either of the paired, long bones of endochondral origin formed by the fusion of the radius and ulna." [AAO:0000901] synonym: "radioulna" EXACT [] synonym: "radius-ulna" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0006715 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003061 ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0004297 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 [Term] id: XAO:0003210 name: humerus def: "Either of the paired, elongate, cylindrical forelimb bones of endochondral origin that extend from the pectoral girdle (shoulders) to the elbows." [AAO:0000679, XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0000976 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003061 ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0004295 ! forelimb stylopod relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 [Term] id: XAO:0003211 name: tarsus def: "A bone of the wrist of the hindlimb, which remains cartilaginous until NF stage 66." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "tarsalia" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0009879 is_a: XAO:0004276 ! bone element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003062 ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0004300 ! foot relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003212 name: metatarsus def: "Each of the bones forming the part of the foot between the toes and the heel." [http://www.infovisual.info/02/028_en.html] xref: UBERON:0010545 is_a: XAO:0004276 ! bone element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003062 ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0004300 ! foot relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003213 name: tibia-fibula def: "Bone of the lower hind leg, which undergoes ossification from NF stage 56 to stage 66." [ISBN:0471209627] synonym: "tibiofibula" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0006714 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003062 ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0004298 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003214 name: femur def: "Either of the paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that form the thighs, extending from the pelvic girdles to the knees. Proximal bone of the hind leg, which begins to ossify at NF stage 55." [ISBN:0471209627] xref: UBERON:0000981 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: develops_from XAO:0004238 ! femur rudiment relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003062 ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0004296 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0003215 name: photoreceptor layer def: "The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell receptor segments reside." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000143] synonym: "retinal photoreceptor layer" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001787 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0003216 name: retinal neural layer def: "The layer of nerve cells in the retina." [XAO:curators] synonym: "neural retina" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003902 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000266 ! retinal layer relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000009 ! retina relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:02:33Z [Term] id: XAO:0003217 name: retinal pigmented epithelium def: "The monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000144] synonym: "pigmented epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "pigmented retinal epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "RPE" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001782 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000009 ! retina relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:05:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0003218 name: retinal outer plexiform layer def: "The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the photoreceptor cells." [UBERON:0001790] xref: UBERON:0001790 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0003219 name: retinal outer nuclear layer def: "The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell bodies reside." [UBERON:0001789] xref: UBERON:0001789 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:30Z [Term] id: XAO:0003220 name: optic fiber layer def: "Fiber layer adjacent the retinal ganglion cell layer that comprises its axons as they traverse to the optic nerve." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001619] xref: UBERON:0001793 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0003221 name: retinal inner nuclear layer def: "The layer of the retina composed of the cell bodies of bipolar cells, horizontal cells, and some of the cell bodies of amacrine cells." [UBERON:0001791] xref: UBERON:0001791 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0003222 name: inner limiting membrane def: "Retinal layer composed of the basal lamina of Muller cells." [NCIt:Inner_Limiting_Membrane] xref: UBERON:0001794 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:37Z [Term] id: XAO:0003223 name: retinal ganglion cell layer def: "Innermost nuclear layer of the retina, consisting of retinal ganglion cells, containing neurons that project axons through the optic nerve to the brain." [UBERON:0001792] xref: UBERON:0001792 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0003224 name: outer limiting membrane def: "A thin fenestrated layer of the pars nervosa retinae adjacent to the outer nuclear layer and through which extend the visual rods and cones." [NCIt:Outer_Limiting_Membrane] xref: UBERON:0001788 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0003225 name: retinal inner plexiform layer def: "The plexiform layer of the retina positioned between the inner nuclear layer and the ganglion cell layer and containing the dendrites of retinal ganglion cells and processes of bipolar and amacrine cells." [UBERON:0001795] xref: UBERON:0001795 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T02:26:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0003226 name: optic tectum def: "Structure that is the anterodorsal-most region of the midbrain and is responsible for auditory and visual reflexes." [XAO:curators] synonym: "midbrain tectum" RELATED [] synonym: "OT" EXACT [] synonym: "tectum" RELATED [] synonym: "tectum opticum" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001945 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000014 ! midbrain relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! midbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-15T03:37:08Z [Term] id: XAO:0003227 name: pharynx def: "Anatomical cavity bounded by the derivatives of the branchial arches." [AAO:0000967] xref: UBERON:0001042 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-16T02:04:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0003228 name: hypaxial muscle def: "Type of trunk muscle that lies ventral to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae and is innervated by the ventral ramus of the spinal nerves. The arise from migratory somitic cells along the lower margin of the trunk somites." [UBERON:0008777, XAO:curator] synonym: "body wall muscle" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0008777 is_a: XAO:0000174 ! skeletal muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0001016 ! abdominal myoblast relationship: develops_from XAO:0005226 ! migrating myoblast relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003230 ! trunk musculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-16T02:14:05Z [Term] id: XAO:0003229 name: epaxial muscle def: "Trunk muscle that lies dorsal to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae." [XAO:curators] synonym: "epaxial muscles" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0008778 is_a: XAO:0000174 ! skeletal muscle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003230 ! trunk musculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-16T02:17:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0003230 name: trunk musculature def: "Muscle that is located posterior to the head and anterior to the tail and consists of epaxial and hypaxial muscle." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0001774 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! trunk relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-16T02:18:03Z [Term] id: XAO:0003231 name: absorptive cell def: "A cell that takes up stuff and metabolizes it." [CL:0000212] xref: CL:0000212 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:12:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0003232 name: acid secreting cell def: "Any of the cell types of the digestive system that secrete amino acid peptides or polypeptides." [CL:0000161] xref: CL:0000161 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:15:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0003233 name: acinar cell def: "Exocrine functioning cells of the pancreas." [CL:0000622] xref: CL:0000622 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000136 ! pancreas relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:16:38Z [Term] id: XAO:0003234 name: alkali secreting cell def: "A cell that secretes alkaline substances." [XAO:curators] xref: CL:0000435 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:17:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0003235 name: barrier cell def: "A cell whose primary function is to prevent the transport of stuff across compartments." [CL:0000215] xref: CL:0000215 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:18:52Z [Term] id: XAO:0003236 name: barrier epithelial cell def: "A surface epithelial cell of stratified squamous epithelium of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus or cloaca." [XAO:curators] xref: CL:0000073 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:19:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0003237 name: cementoblast def: "A cell of ectomesenchymal origin concerned with the formation of the layer of cementum on the roots of teeth." [ISBN:0781733901] xref: CL:0000061 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:23:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0003238 name: chondroblast def: "A cell that originates from a mesenchymal stem cell and forms chondrocytes (cartilage cells). Chondroblasts that become embedded in the matrix are called chondrocytes." [XAO:curators] xref: CL:0000058 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0004320 ! mesenchymal stem cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:24:55Z [Term] id: XAO:0003239 name: circulating cell def: "A cell that moves among different tissues of the body, via blood, lymph, or other medium." [CL:0000080] xref: CL:0000080 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! circulatory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:26:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0003240 name: digestive enzyme secreting cell def: "A type of cell, found in the digestive tract, that secrete enzymes that break down polymeric macromolecules into their smaller building blocks, in order to facilitate their absorption by the body." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestive_enzyme] synonym: "digestive enzyme secreting cells" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000470 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:30:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0003241 name: early embryonic cell def: "A cell found in the embryo before the formation of all the germ layers is complete." [CL:0000007] xref: CL:0000007 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 relationship: part_of XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:31:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0003242 name: morula cell def: "A cell of the early embryo at the developmental stage in which the blastomeres, resulting from repeated mitotic divisions of the fertilized ovum (zygote), form a compact cell mass." [CL:0000360] xref: CL:0000360 is_a: XAO:0003241 ! early embryonic cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000019 ! NF stage 9 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:32:43Z [Term] id: XAO:0003244 name: gastrula cell def: "A cell of the embryo in the early stage following the blastula, characterized by morphogenetic cell movements, cell differentiation, and the formation of the three germ layers." [CL:0000361] xref: CL:0000361 is_a: XAO:0003241 ! early embryonic cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:32:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0003245 name: ectodermal cell def: "A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo." [CL:0000221] synonym: "ectoderm cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000221 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:35:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0003246 name: electrically active cell def: "A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal." [CL:0000211] xref: CL:0000211 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:37:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0003247 name: endocrine cell def: "A cell of an endocrine gland, ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions." [CL:0000163] xref: CL:0000163 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0004208 ! adenohypophyseal placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000158 ! endocrine system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:38:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0003248 name: endodermal cell def: "A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo." [CL:0000223] synonym: "endoderm cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000223 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:40:37Z [Term] id: XAO:0003249 name: epithelial cell def: "A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface." [CL:0000066] xref: CL:0000066 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:42:50Z [Term] id: XAO:0003250 name: exocrine cell def: "A cell of an exocrine gland, i.e. a gland that discharges its secretion via a duct." [CL:0000152] xref: CL:0000152 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:44:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0003251 name: hatching gland cell def: "Individual secretory cells of the hatching gland that secrete an enzyme that dissolves or weakens the egg jelly and facilitates hatching." [XAO:curators] xref: CL:0000249 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: part_of XAO:0000034 ! hatching gland relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:48:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0003252 name: keratin accumulating cell def: "A cell that is specialized to accumulate keratins, a family of fibrous structural proteins." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratin] xref: CL:0000311 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:52:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0003253 name: ligament cell def: "Type of cell that is capable of generating and maintaining the fibrous connective tissue of the ligament." [XAO:EJS] xref: CL:0000384 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004031 ! ligament relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:52:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0003254 name: Merkel cell def: "A modified epidermal cell located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute." [CL:0000242] xref: CL:0000242 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T01:56:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0003255 name: mesodermal cell def: "A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo." [CL:0000222] synonym: "mesoderm cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000222 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:00:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0003256 name: mucus secreting cell def: "A type of epithelial cell, found in the epidermis and digestive system, whose function is to secrete mucin, which dissolves in water to form protective mucus." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucus] xref: CL:0000319 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:06:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0003257 name: myelin accumulating cell def: "A cell that is specialized to accumulate myelin." [XAO:EJS] xref: CL:0000328 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:06:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0003258 name: neuromast mantle cell def: "A non-sensory cell type surrounding the neuromast support cells and neuromast hair cells, separating the neuromast from the epidermis, and secreting cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all the hair cells are embedded." [CL:0000851] xref: CL:0000851 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! skin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:07:36Z [Term] id: XAO:0003259 name: neuromast support cell def: "A non-sensory cell of the neuromast that extends between the sensory hair cells from the basement membrane to the apical surface; neuromast support cells are surrounded by neuromast mantle cells." [CL:0000852] xref: CL:0000852 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! skin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:09:08Z [Term] id: XAO:0003260 name: nucleate erythrocyte def: "An erythrocyte having a nucleus." [CL:0000562] xref: CL:0000562 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:10:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0003261 name: olfactory epithelial support cell def: "A non-ciliated columnar cell that extends from the epithelial free margin to the basement membrane of the olfactory epithelium." [CL:0000853] xref: CL:0000853 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! olfactory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:14:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0003262 name: oxygen accumulating cell def: "A cell that is specialized to accumulate oxygen." [XAO:EJS] xref: CL:0000329 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:16:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0003263 name: paracrine cell def: "A secretory cell that secretes an agonist into intercellular spaces in which it diffuses to a target cell other than that which produced it." [CL:0000512] xref: CL:0000512 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:17:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0003264 name: pericyte def: "A slender, contractile, mesenchymal-like cell found in close association with capillary walls. They are relatively undifferentiated and may become fibroblasts, macrophages, or smooth muscle cells." [CL:0000669] xref: CL:0000669 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:21:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0003265 name: somatic stem cell def: "A stem cell that can give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line." [CL:0000723] xref: CL:0000723 is_a: XAO:0003054 ! stem cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T02:25:31Z [Term] id: XAO:0003266 name: liver primordium def: "Embryonic primordium consisting of an endodermal thickening that develops into the liver." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000124] synonym: "liver" BROAD [] synonym: "liver bud" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003894 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004270 ! hepato-pancreatic progenitor cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: part_of XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-07-20T04:05:12Z [Term] id: XAO:0003267 name: kidney def: "Either of the pair of structures lying on either side of the dorsal aorta in which fluid balance is regulated and waste is excreted out in the form of urine. Amphibians (and fish) have a early kidney, the pronephros/pronephric kidney, which consitsts of a single nephron attached to a pronephric duct, which in turn is linked to the cloaca. The pronephros functions as primary filtration system for the embryo while the mesonephric kidney develops. The pronephros starts to degenerate at NF stage 53. The mesonephros starts to form at NF stage 39 and contuinues to grow into the adult kidney." [AAO:0000250, XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0002113 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000143 ! urinary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-08-25T11:34:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0003268 name: cardiac progenitor cell def: "Type of presumptive precardiac cell that lie as paired primordia 30 to 45 degrees on either side of the dorsal midline of the embryo. As gastrulation proceeds, these migrate laterally, eventually fusing at the anterior ventral midline, where they differentiate into cardiac tissue. They give rise to the linear heart tube of the fused heart primordium and derive from the cardiac crescent." [PMID:17194606, PMID:2340810] synonym: "CPC" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005033 ! progenitor cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 relationship: part_of XAO:0000336 ! heart primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000024 ! NF stage 14 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-12-01T04:42:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0003269 name: jaw muscle def: "Type of muscle that arises in the zygomatic arch and closes the jaw." [UBERON:0003681] xref: UBERON:0011648 is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0005287 ! jaw muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2009-12-01T04:45:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004000 name: duct def: "A tube shaped portion of tissue lined with epithelial cells that collects secretions and routes them to their destination." [UBERON:0000058] synonym: "ducts" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0000058 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-16T10:41:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0004001 name: portion of organism substance def: "Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body." [CARO:0000004] xref: UBERON:0000463 is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-16T10:56:39Z [Term] id: XAO:0004002 name: lateral line def: "Any of the sense organs that detect vibrations carried through water. They develop from a specialized series of dorsolateral ectodermal placodes named lateral line placodes." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0010202 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! lateral line system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-16T11:03:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004003 name: anatomical line def: "Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface." [CARO:0000008] xref: CARO:0000008 xref: UBERON:0006800 is_a: XAO:0000000 ! Xenopus anatomical entity relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-16T11:18:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004004 name: atypical epithelium def: "Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one ore more layers." [AAO:0010057] xref: CARO:0000071 xref: UBERON:0000488 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T10:55:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0004005 name: extraembryonic structure def: "Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and comprises portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000020] xref: CARO:0000042 xref: UBERON:0000478 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:00:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0004006 name: multilaminar epithelium def: "Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells." [CARO:0000069] xref: CARO:0000069 xref: UBERON:0000486 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:10:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0004007 name: unilaminar epithelium def: "Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells." [CARO:MAH] xref: CARO:0000073 xref: UBERON:0000490 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:18:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004008 name: simple columnar epithelium def: "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells." [CARO:MAH] xref: CARO:0000068 xref: UBERON:0000485 is_a: XAO:0004007 ! unilaminar epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:19:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004009 name: simple cuboidal epithelium def: "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells." [CARO:MAH] xref: CARO:0000067 xref: UBERON:0000484 is_a: XAO:0004007 ! unilaminar epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:22:50Z [Term] id: XAO:0004010 name: simple squamous epithelium def: "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells." [CARO:MAH] xref: CARO:0000070 xref: UBERON:0000487 is_a: XAO:0004007 ! unilaminar epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-06-20T11:25:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004011 name: axial skeleton def: "Anatomical cluster of the central body axis including the cranium, vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum." [VSAO:0000056] xref: UBERON:0005944 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: develops_from XAO:0000058 ! somite relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T02:37:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0004012 name: skeletal element def: "Organ entity that is typically involved in mechanical support and may have different skeletal tissue compositions at different stages." [VSAO:0000128] xref: UBERON:0004765 is_a: XAO:0003164 ! solid compound organ relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004053 ! skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:11:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004013 name: cartilage element def: "Skeletal element that is composed of cartilage tissue and may be permanent or transient." [UBERON:0007844] synonym: "cartilage" RELATED [] synonym: "cartilaginous element" EXACT [] synonym: "chondrogenic element" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007844 is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element relationship: develops_from XAO:0004022 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:25:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0004014 name: membrane bone def: "Bone element that arises as a result of intramembranous ossification." [UBERON:0007842] xref: UBERON:0007842 is_a: XAO:0004276 ! bone element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:36:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004015 name: dermal bone def: "Skeletal element that forms superficially in the organism, usually in association with the ectoderm." [UBERON:0008907] xref: UBERON:0008907 is_a: XAO:0004014 ! membrane bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004025 ! dermal skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:36:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004016 name: regenerating skeletal element def: "Skeletal element that forms as a replacement or substitution of another element or tissue." [UBERON:0010522] synonym: "replacement element" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0010522 is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004026 ! endoskeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:37:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004017 name: endochondral element def: "A skeletal element that has the potential to participate in endochondral ossification, and may participate in intramembranous ossification." [UBERON:0010363] synonym: "endochondral replacement element" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0010363 is_a: XAO:0004016 ! regenerating skeletal element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:38:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004018 name: endochondral bone def: "Replacement bone that forms within cartilage." [UBERON:0002513] synonym: "ossified chondrogenic bone" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002513 is_a: XAO:0004017 ! endochondral element relationship: develops_from XAO:0004022 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:39:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004019 name: vertebra def: "Main component of the vertebral column. It consists of two essential parts, a dorsal neural arch and a ventral centrum." [AAO:0000691] synonym: "vertebrae" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0002412 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003074 ! vertebral column relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:44:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004020 name: process def: "Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, or fin." [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "bony projection" RELATED [] synonym: "flange" EXACT [] synonym: "lamellae" EXACT [] synonym: "laminae" EXACT [] synonym: "projection" EXACT [] synonym: "ridge" EXACT [] synonym: "shelf" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0004529 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T03:58:55Z [Term] id: XAO:0004021 name: cell condensation def: "Anatomical structure that is an aggregation of similar cells from which cartilages and bones form, and from which chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are initiated during repair and/or regeneration." [PMID:8901191, UBERON:0011585] xref: UBERON:0011585 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:26:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004022 name: cartilaginous condensation def: "Cell condensation that is an aggregation of mesenchymal cells that are committed to differentiate into chondroblasts and chondrocytes." [UBERON:0005863] synonym: "cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "chondrogenic condensation" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005863 is_a: XAO:0004021 ! cell condensation relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004053 ! skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:27:08Z [Term] id: XAO:0004023 name: craniofacial skeleton def: "Cranial skeleton derived from neural crest cells." [VSAO:00000082] synonym: "cranio-facial skeleton" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004279 ! cranial skeleton relationship: develops_from XAO:0001001 ! cranial neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:39:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004024 name: craniofacial region def: "Anatomical cluster that encompasses the cranium and facial structures." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:42:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0004025 name: dermal skeleton def: "Skeletal subdivision that undergoes direct development and includes elements that either develop in association with the basement membrane of the ectoderm or are homologous with such elements; includes dermatocranium, components of the appendicular skeleton, teeth and tooth-like elements of the oropharynx, and integumentary elements." [UBERON:0010364] synonym: "dermal skeletal system" RELATED [] synonym: "dermoskeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "desmoskeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "exoskeleton" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0010364 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:47:40Z [Term] id: XAO:0004026 name: endoskeleton def: "Skeletal system that undergoes indirect development and includes elements that develop as a replacement or substitution of other elements or tissues." [UBERON:0010362] synonym: "replacement skeleton" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0010362 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:49:15Z [Term] id: XAO:0004027 name: extracellular matrix def: "Anatomical structure composed of a combination of protein fibers, ground substance and tissue fluid; typically has embedded cells." [VSAO:0000022] synonym: "ECM" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003162 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:52:15Z [Term] id: XAO:0004028 name: fibrocartilage def: "Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns." [UBERON:0001995] synonym: "fibrocartilage tissue" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001995 is_a: XAO:0000170 ! cartilage tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:54:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004029 name: hyaline cartilage tissue def: "Cartilage tissue primarily composed of type II collagen (thin fibrils) and a glassy appearance." [UBERON:0001994] synonym: "hyaline cartilage" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001994 is_a: XAO:0000170 ! cartilage tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T04:56:37Z [Term] id: XAO:0004030 name: dense regular connective tissue def: "Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibers organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts)." [UBERON:0007846] synonym: "dense fibrous connective tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "dense regular collagenous connective tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "dense regular collagenous tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "regular dense connective tissue" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007846 is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:06:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004031 name: ligament def: "Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements or supporting an organ." [UBERON:0000211] xref: UBERON:0000211 is_a: XAO:0004030 ! dense regular connective tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:06:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004032 name: proteinaceous extracellular matrix def: "A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity." [VSAO:0000021] is_a: XAO:0004027 ! extracellular matrix relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:12:13Z [Term] id: XAO:0004033 name: avascular GAG-rich matrix def: "Proteinaceous extracellular matrix that is avascular and consists primarily of glycosaminoglycans." [VSAO:0000059] synonym: "avascular glycosaminoglycan-rich matrix" EXACT [] synonym: "cartilage matrix" EXACT [] synonym: "cartilage-like matrix" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004032 ! proteinaceous extracellular matrix relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:14:07Z [Term] id: XAO:0004034 name: mineralized extracellular matrix def: "Extracellular matrix that is mineralized." [VSAO:0000020] is_a: XAO:0004032 ! proteinaceous extracellular matrix relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:16:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004035 name: osteoid def: "Bone tissue that is an unmineralized bone matrix deposited by osteoblasts prior to the mineralization of bone tissue." [UBERON:0008883] synonym: "osteoid tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "pre-bone" EXACT [] synonym: "prebone" EXACT [] synonym: "prebone tissue" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0008883 is_a: XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue is_a: XAO:0005000 ! matrix-based tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:17:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004036 name: mineralized avascular GAG-rich matrix def: "Avascular GAG-rich matrix that is mineralized." [VSAO:0000120] is_a: XAO:0004033 ! avascular GAG-rich matrix is_a: XAO:0004034 ! mineralized extracellular matrix relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004055 ! mineralized cartilage tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:18:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0004037 name: non-mineralized avascular GAG-rich matrix def: "Avascular GAG-rich matrix that is not mineralized." [VSAO:0000119] synonym: "non-mineralized cartilage" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004033 ! avascular GAG-rich matrix relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004043 ! non-mineralized cartilage tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:18:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004038 name: skeletal tissue def: "A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support." [UBERON:0004755] xref: UBERON:0004755 is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:21:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004039 name: mineralized tissue def: "Skeletal tissue that is mineralized." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004038 ! skeletal tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:22:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004040 name: mineralized bone tissue def: "Bone tissue mineralized with hydroxyapatite." [UBERON:4000115] xref: UBERON:4000115 is_a: XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue is_a: XAO:0004039 ! mineralized tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004035 ! osteoid relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:23:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004041 name: mineralized hyaline cartilage tissue def: "Hyaline cartilage tissue that is mineralized." [VSAO:0000109] is_a: XAO:0004039 ! mineralized tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:25:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004042 name: muscular system def: "Anatomical system comprising the sum of all muscles in the body." [UBERON:0000383] xref: UBERON:0000383 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000168 ! musculoskeletal system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:28:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004043 name: non-mineralized cartilage tissue def: "Cartilage tissue that is not mineralized." [VSAO:0000089] is_a: XAO:0000170 ! cartilage tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:30:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004044 name: non-mineralized hyaline cartilage tissue def: "Hyaline cartilage tissue that is not mineralized." [VSAO:0000108] is_a: XAO:0004029 ! hyaline cartilage tissue is_a: XAO:0004043 ! non-mineralized cartilage tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-22T05:32:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004045 name: odontogenic papilla def: "Cell condensation that is a well-defined population of densely organized mesenchymal cells that aggregates adjacent to an epithelium." [VSAO:0000025] synonym: "dental papilla" RELATED [] synonym: "odontogenic condensation" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001763 is_a: XAO:0004021 ! cell condensation relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:43:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004046 name: odontoid tissue def: "Skeletal tissue that is part of the exoskeleton and derived from an odontogenic papilla." [UBERON:0010365] synonym: "dental tissue" RELATED [] synonym: "odontogenic tissue" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0010365 is_a: XAO:0004038 ! skeletal tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004045 ! odontogenic papilla relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004025 ! dermal skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:45:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004047 name: oropharyngeal papilla def: "Odontogenic papilla located along the jaws or pharyngeal skeleton." [VSAO:0000030] synonym: "oropharyngeal dental papilla" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004045 ! odontogenic papilla relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:47:31Z [Term] id: XAO:0004048 name: oropharynx def: "Anatomical cluster that comprises the oral part of the pharynx." [UBERON:0001729] xref: UBERON:0001729 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003227 ! pharynx relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:50:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004049 name: perichondrium def: "A layer of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the cartilage of developing bone, consisting of two separate layers: an outer fibrous layer and inner chondrogenic layer. The fibrous layer contains fibroblasts, which produce collagenous fibers. The chondrogenic layer remains undifferentiated and can form chondroblasts or chondrocytes. Perichondrium is a type of connective tissue, and also functions in the growth and repair of cartilage. Once vascularized, the perichondrium becomes the periosteum." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perichondrium] xref: UBERON:0002222 is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:52:43Z [Term] id: XAO:0004050 name: perichordal tissue def: "Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the notochord; includes a layer of elastin." [UBERON:0007862] synonym: "notochord" RELATED [] synonym: "perichordal connective tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "perichordal sheath" EXACT [] synonym: "perichordal sheath tissue" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007862 is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000074 ! NF stage 62 relationship: part_of XAO:0000055 ! notochord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:53:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004051 name: dentine def: "Collagen-rich odontogenic tissue characteristic of teeth and tooth-like skeletal elements (e.g., odontodes); mature dentine is mineralized and develops from predentine tissue; often (but not always) tubular and acellular." [UBERON:0001751] synonym: "dental tissue" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001751 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004052 ! pre-dentine relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:56:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004052 name: pre-dentine def: "Odontogenic tissue that is collagen-rich and characteristic of vertebrate teeth and tooth-like structures (e.g., odontodes) deposited by preodontoblasts and odontoblasts that are typically excluded from the matrix." [UBERON:0011587] synonym: "pre-dentine tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "predentine tissue" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0011587 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T08:58:05Z [Term] id: XAO:0004053 name: skeleton def: "Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg, bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body." [UBERON:0004288] xref: UBERON:0004288 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003060 ! skeletal system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T09:00:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004054 name: vacuolated notochordal tissue def: "Connective tissue that is matrix-poor with large number of vacuolated cells." [VSAO:0000053] synonym: "notochord proper" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000074 ! NF stage 62 relationship: part_of XAO:0000055 ! notochord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T09:02:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0004055 name: mineralized cartilage tissue def: "Cartilage tissue that is mineralized." [VSAO:0000088] is_a: XAO:0000170 ! cartilage tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-23T09:31:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004056 name: distal mesenchyme def: "Mesenchyme cells that proliferate in the progress zone of developing limb buds." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 relationship: part_of XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:22:39Z [Term] id: XAO:0004057 name: tail tip def: "Portion of tissue comprising the posterior end of the tail fin." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0010162 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004062 ! tail fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:30:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0004058 name: ampullary nerve def: "Nerve that is a branch of cranial nerve VIII and innervates the cristae ampullaris." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0005144] synonym: "neural ampulla" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003095 ! vestibulocochlear nerve relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:33:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004059 name: regenerating tissue def: "A portion of tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0005147] xref: UBERON:0007567 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:40:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004060 name: blastema def: "A regenerating tissue composed of a proliferative mass of undifferentiated progenitor cells from which new differentiated structures arise." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001270] xref: UBERON:0005306 is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000061 ! NF stage 49 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:42:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004061 name: dorsal fin margin def: "Fin margin which is part of the dorsal fin." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0005171 ! fin margin relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000469 ! dorsal tail fin relationship: part_of XAO:0004063 ! dorsal fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:45:04Z [Term] id: XAO:0004062 name: tail fin def: "The fin at the posterior part of the body of the tadpole." [BTO:0001827] synonym: "caudal fin" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003026 ! tail relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:47:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0004063 name: dorsal fin def: "The unsupported flaps of epidermis-covered, loose connective tissue extending the length of the dorsal tail muscle, originating at or near the tail-body junction, and extending posteriorly to slightly beyond the tip of the notochord and tail musculature." [ISBN:0226557634] is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T10:57:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004064 name: ventral tail fin def: "The ventral part of the tail fin." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004062 ! tail fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:06:36Z [Term] id: XAO:0004065 name: ventral fin margin def: "Fin margin which is part of the ventral fin." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0005171 ! fin margin relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004064 ! ventral tail fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:08:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004066 name: vegetal endoderm def: "Portion of the cleavage-stage embryo below the equator and consisting of prospective endodermal cells." [ISBN:0123646200] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000011 ! NF stage 2 (2-cell) created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:12:31Z [Term] id: XAO:0004067 name: suprablastoporal endoderm def: "During gastrulation, the ring of endodermal cells that overlie the larger sub-blastoral endoderm cells." [ISBN:0123646200] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:14:55Z [Term] id: XAO:0004068 name: sub-blastoporal endoderm def: "During gastrulation, the vegetal endodermal cells that lie just below the ring of smaller suprablastoral endoderm cells." [ISBN:0123646200] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:15:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0004069 name: migratory neural crest cell def: "Neural crest that lose their connections to other neuroepithelial cells during the delamination process and begin to migrate. This involves either partial or complete epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Numerous molecules have been demonstrated to guide a neural crest cell's migration to its target tissue." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "migratory neural crest" RELATED [] synonym: "migratory neural crest cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "NCMC" RELATED [] synonym: "neural crest migrating cells" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000333 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 relationship: part_of XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:22:55Z [Term] id: XAO:0004070 name: hypothalamus def: "Multi-tissue structure that is part of the diencephalon ventral to the thalamus consisting of connecting fibers and is a center for control of the autonomous nervous system." [AAO:0010484] xref: UBERON:0001898 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:29:04Z [Term] id: XAO:0004071 name: optic chiasm def: "Decussation of cranial nerve II axons whereby some cross the midline and some remain ipsilateral." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000556] synonym: "OC" EXACT [] synonym: "optic chiasma" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000959 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:35:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004072 name: suprachiasmatic nucleus def: "The ventral region of the alar hypothalamus. It is a diencephalic nucleus that is part of the preoptic area and is ventrolateral to the caudal parvocellular preoptic nucleus." [PMID:24122702, XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000441] synonym: "SC" RELATED [] synonym: "SCN" EXACT [] synonym: "suprachiasmatic region" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002034 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004230 ! anterior hypothalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T11:41:40Z [Term] id: XAO:0004074 name: intersomitic region def: "Anatomical region between somites." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "intersomitic junction" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T12:21:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0004075 name: intersomitic vessel def: "Primary blood vessel sprouts that originate from the aorta and grow dorsally between the somites." [PMID:17119151] synonym: "intersomitic blood vessel" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! circulatory system relationship: part_of XAO:0004074 ! intersomitic region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T12:25:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0004076 name: intersomitic tendon def: "A tendon located in the intersomitic region." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000173 ! tendon relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0004074 ! intersomitic region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T12:28:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004077 name: intersomitic epithelium def: "Epithelium located in the intersomitic region." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "intersomitic membrane" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0004074 ! intersomitic region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T12:31:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004078 name: intersomitic neuron def: "Neuron located in the intersomitic region." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0004074 ! intersomitic region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T12:34:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004079 name: rhombomere def: "Any of the transient sequential subdivisions of the developing hindbrain, all posterior to the midbrain-hindbrain boundary." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "rhombomeres" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0001892 is_a: XAO:0004597 ! neuromere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005026 ! presumptive rhombomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! hindbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T01:19:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004080 name: rhombomere R2 def: "The 2nd most anterior segment of the developing hindbrain, which along with r3 is dorsal to brancial arch 1." [XAO:curators] synonym: "r2" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 2" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005569 is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:00:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004081 name: rhombomere R3 def: "The 3rd segment of the developing hindbrain, between rhombomeres r2 and r4, which along with r2 is dorsal to branchial arch 1." [XAO:curators] synonym: "r3" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 3" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005507 is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:04:40Z [Term] id: XAO:0004082 name: rhombomere R4 def: "The 4th segment of the developing hindbrain, between rhombomeres r3 and r5 and dorsal to branchial arch 2." [XAO:curators] synonym: "r4" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 4" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005511 is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:06:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004083 name: rhombomere R5 def: "The 5th segment of the developing hindbrain, between rhombomeres r4 and r6, and dorsal to branchial arch 3." [XAO:curators] synonym: "r5" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 5" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005515 is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:08:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004084 name: rhombomere R6 def: "The 6th segment of the developing hindbrain, directly bordering the midbrain-hindbrain boundary, and dorsal to branchial arch 4." [XAO:curators] synonym: "r6" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 6" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005519 is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:09:39Z [Term] id: XAO:0004085 name: ionocyte def: "Specialized epithelial cells involved in the maintenance of osmotic homeostasis. They are characterized by abundant mitochondria and ion transporters. In Xenopus there are two distinct types of ionocytes, described as alpha- and beta- subtypes." [CL:0005006] synonym: "clear cell" BROAD [] synonym: "FORE cell" RELATED [] synonym: "IC" EXACT [] synonym: "intercalated cell" BROAD [] synonym: "mitochondria-rich cell" BROAD [] synonym: "narrow cell" BROAD [] synonym: "proton-secreting cell" RELATED [] synonym: "PSC" RELATED [] xref: CL:0005006 is_a: XAO:0004225 ! non-ciliated epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: part_of XAO:0004091 ! non-neural ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:12:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0004086 name: presumptive midbrain-hindbrain boundary def: "Part of the neural ectoderm that will become the embryonic midbrain-hindbrain boundary." [UBERON:0007281] xref: UBERON:0007281 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! central nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:24:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004087 name: neural fold def: "One of the two edges of the neural groove." [UBERON:0005062] xref: UBERON:0005062 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T02:42:38Z [Term] id: XAO:0004088 name: animal pole def: "The apical region of the animal hemisphere." [XAO:curator] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000021 ! NF stage 11 relationship: part_of XAO:0000202 ! animal hemisphere relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:18:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004089 name: periocular region def: "Anatomical region that surrounds the eye but is within the orbit." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/periocular] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000040 ! head region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:20:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004090 name: optic field def: "Portion of tissue that is part of the anterior neural plate and will form the optic vesicle." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000570] synonym: "eye primordium" RELATED [] synonym: "optic primordium" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0003071 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000024 ! NF stage 14 relationship: part_of XAO:0000045 ! pre-chordal neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:24:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004091 name: non-neural ectoderm def: "The portion of the embryonic ectoderm, including the preplacodal ectoderm, that does not give rise to nervous tissue." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "NNE" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005497 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004132 ! presumptive ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:28:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004092 name: preplacodal ectoderm def: "A thick, U-shaped primordium positioned at the border of the future epidermis and the neural plate/neural crest forming regions, in the neural stage embryo. This field of naive ectoderm is subdivided into 3 domains, each with distinct gene expression profiles: the anterior PPE (bottom of the U), the lateral PPE (the curves of the U), and the posterior PPE (arms of the U and adjacent to the neural crest/neural plate border). The PPE differentiates into the sensory placodes, which in turn form the adenohypophysis/anterior pituitary gland and sensory organs (such as the olfactory epithelium, lens, trigeminal nerves, epibranchial nerves, otic vesicles and lateral lines)." [PMID:30291163] synonym: "placodal area" RELATED [] synonym: "PPE" EXACT [] synonym: "pre-placodal ectoderm" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000270 ! sensorial layer of neurectoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0004104 ! neural plate border relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0000270 ! sensorial layer of neurectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:30:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004093 name: profundal placode def: "An embryonic structure positioned halfway between the prospective eye and ear, adjacent to the future midbrain-hindbrain boundary. The profundal and the trigeminal ganglia are separate distally but fused at their proximal end as they condense around NF stage 24." [PMID:21452441] synonym: "profundus placode" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004620 ! neurogenic placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:36:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004094 name: lens epithelium def: "Epithelium that borders the anterior and equitorial region of the lens. Lens growth occurs via the differentiation of additional fibre cells from lens epithelial cells." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001326] xref: UBERON:0001803 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000008 ! lens relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:40:12Z [Term] id: XAO:0004095 name: lens transitional zone def: "The region of the lens of the eye where cells from the anterior epithelial capsule become transformed into the fibers that compose the lens substance." [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/transitional+zone] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000008 ! lens relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:43:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004096 name: lens fiber cell mass def: "Portion of tissue comprising fibers that form the bulk of the lens. They are long, thin, transparent cells." [UBERON:0002444] synonym: "lens fiber" RELATED [] synonym: "lens fiber cells" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002444 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000008 ! lens relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:45:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0004097 name: horizontal cell def: "A neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina." [CL:0000745] synonym: "horizontal neuron" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000745 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T03:58:01Z [Term] id: XAO:0004098 name: bipolar neuron def: "A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body." [CL:0000103] synonym: "bipolar cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000103 is_a: XAO:0004267 ! interneuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T04:01:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004099 name: amacrine cell def: "Interneuron of the retina. They integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer. They lack large axons." [CL:0000561] synonym: "amacrine neuron" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000561 is_a: XAO:0004267 ! interneuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003216 ! retinal neural layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T04:06:40Z [Term] id: XAO:0004100 name: retinal ganglion cell def: "Type of neuron that receives neural inputs via bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells. The axons of these cells make up the optic nerve." [CL:0000740] synonym: "RGC" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000740 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003223 ! retinal ganglion cell layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-24T04:08:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004101 name: optic tract def: "Diencephalic white matter (tract) that is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons after which they have passed through the optic chiasm." [UBERON:0001908] xref: UBERON:0001908 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T09:25:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004102 name: pre-chordal neural plate border def: "The portion of the neural plate border that is anterior to the mid-hindbrain junction." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "anterior neural plate border" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000045 ! pre-chordal neural plate relationship: part_of XAO:0004104 ! neural plate border relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T09:47:05Z [Term] id: XAO:0004103 name: chordal neural plate border def: "The portion of the neural plate border that is posterior to the mid-hindbrain junction, and from which neural crest cells arise." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000046 ! chordal neural plate relationship: part_of XAO:0004104 ! neural plate border relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T09:47:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004104 name: neural plate border def: "The boundary between non-neural ectoderm and the neural plate of neurula stage embryos, giving rise to the neural crest and cranial placodes." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "NPB" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T09:49:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004105 name: pronephric tubule def: "Any of bilaterally paired tubes that perform the resorptive and excretory functions of the pronephros, and which connect the pronephric glomeruli to the pronephric ducts." [ISBN:0127224416, ZFA:0001558] xref: UBERON:0005310 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0000285 ! pronephric nephron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T09:56:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004106 name: regenerating forelimb def: "A portion of forelimb tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XAO:curators] synonym: "forelimb" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004311 ! regenerating limb relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:02:27Z [Term] id: XAO:0004107 name: regenerating hindlimb def: "A portion of hind limb tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XAO:curators] synonym: "hind limb" BROAD [] synonym: "hindlimb" BROAD [] synonym: "regenerating hind limb" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004311 ! regenerating limb relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:02:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004108 name: regenerating tail def: "A portion of tail tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XAO:curators] synonym: "tail" BROAD [] synonym: "tail blastema" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:03:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004109 name: regenerating eye def: "A portion of eye tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XAO:curators] synonym: "eye" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:03:22Z [Term] id: XAO:0004110 name: eye photoreceptor cell def: "A cell found in the retina of the eye that is specialized to detect and transduce light." [CL:0000210] xref: CL:0000287 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003215 ! photoreceptor layer relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:17:43Z [Term] id: XAO:0004111 name: retinal cone cell def: "One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision." [CL:0000573] synonym: "cone photoreceptor cell" EXACT [] synonym: "eye photoreceptor cell (cone)" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000573 is_a: XAO:0004110 ! eye photoreceptor cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:19:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004112 name: retinal rod cell def: "One of the two photoreceptor cell types of the retina. In rods the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane. Rods are more sensitive to light than cones, but rod mediated vision has less spatial and temporal resolution than cone vision." [CL:0000604] synonym: "eye photoreceptor cell (rod)" EXACT [] synonym: "rod photoreceptor cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000604 is_a: XAO:0004110 ! eye photoreceptor cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:22:13Z [Term] id: XAO:0004113 name: vegetal pole def: "The apical region of the vegetal hemisphere." [XAO:curator] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000021 ! NF stage 11 relationship: part_of XAO:0000280 ! vegetal hemisphere relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:25:07Z [Term] id: XAO:0004114 name: stage I oocyte def: "A developing female gamete that is at the pre-vitellogenic stage." [XAO:curators] synonym: "pre-vitellogenic oocyte" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:27:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004115 name: stage II oocyte def: "A developing female gamete that is at the early vitellogenic stage." [XAO:curators] synonym: "early vitellogenic oocyte" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000084 ! oocyte stage II relationship: start_stage XAO:1000084 ! oocyte stage II created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:28:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004116 name: stage III oocyte def: "A developing female gamete that is at the mid-vitellogenic stage." [XAO:curators] synonym: "mid-vitellogenic oocyte" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000085 ! oocyte stage III relationship: start_stage XAO:1000085 ! oocyte stage III created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:30:01Z [Term] id: XAO:0004117 name: stage IV oocyte def: "A developing female gamete that is at the stage in which polarization along the animal-vegetal axis is established." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000086 ! oocyte stage IV relationship: start_stage XAO:1000086 ! oocyte stage IV created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:30:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004118 name: stage V oocyte def: "A developing female gamete that is at the late vitellogenic stage." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "late vitellogenic oocyte" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000087 ! oocyte stage V relationship: start_stage XAO:1000087 ! oocyte stage V created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:31:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004119 name: stage VI oocyte def: "A female gamete that is at the fully grown stage." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "post-vitellogenic oocyte" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000088 ! oocyte stage VI relationship: start_stage XAO:1000088 ! oocyte stage VI created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:32:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0004120 name: cardiac jelly def: "A sheet of extracellular matrix that separates the outer myocardial cell layer from the inner endocardial tube in the early embryonic heart. As the heart is going through the looping stages, this extracellular matrix/cardiac jelly starts to thicken in two regions, the atrioventricular canal region and the ventricular outflow tract region. These two discrete swellings of cardiac jelly are known as cardiac cushions. The cardiac jelly plays a central role in the septation of the heart and comprises most of the thickness of the heart wall at early stages, but disappears as the heart differentiates." [PMID:19890915] xref: UBERON:0003906 is_a: XAO:0004027 ! extracellular matrix relationship: end_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:49:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004121 name: apical ectodermal ridge def: "A thickened layer of ectodermal cells at the distal tip of a developing limb bud. Along with the zone of polarizing activity, it is a crucial organizing region during limb development." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apical_ectodermal_ridge] synonym: "AER" EXACT [] synonym: "apical epidermal ridge" EXACT [] synonym: "epidermal ridge" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0004356 is_a: XAO:0004122 ! proliferative region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 relationship: part_of XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:53:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0004122 name: proliferative region def: "Anatomical cluster that consists of rapidly dividing cells." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000098] is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000018 ! NF stage 8 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T10:57:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004123 name: atrioventricular canal def: "The part of the heart connecting the atrium to the cardiac ventricle." [PMID:10644411, ZFA:0001315] synonym: "AV canal" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002087 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:16:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004124 name: atrioventricular canal endocardium def: "Endocardium that is part of the atrioventricular canal." [PMID:10644411, ZFA:0001616] xref: UBERON:0003930 is_a: XAO:0000066 ! endocardium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004123 ! atrioventricular canal relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:19:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004125 name: atrioventricular valve leaflet def: "A portion of tissue forming a cusp guarding the opening of the atrioventricular valve." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "atrioventricular valve leaflets" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005308 ! atrioventricular valve relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:20:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004126 name: cardiac valve def: "Portion of tissue that prevents regurgitation of blood from the ventricles to the atria or from the pulmonary arteries or aorta to the ventricles." [UBERON:0000946] synonym: "heart valve" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000946 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:22:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0004127 name: m. geniohyoideus alt_id: XAO:0004347 def: "Muscle that pulls the hyoid apparatus forward and depresses the lower jaw." [XAO:curators] synonym: "geniohyoideus" EXACT [] synonym: "mgh" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0011151 is_a: XAO:0004326 ! hypobranchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004444 ! m. geniohyoideus primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:33:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004128 name: m. rectus abdominis def: "Muscle of the abdomen that continues anteriorly as the m. rectus cervicis." [ISBN:080184780X, XAO:curators] synonym: "rectus abdominis" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002382 is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:34:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0004129 name: m. rectus cervicus alt_id: XAO:0004348 def: "Muscle that retracts the hyoid and, therefore, the tongue." [XAO:curators] synonym: "mrc" EXACT [] synonym: "rectus cervicis" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004326 ! hypobranchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004445 ! m. rectus cervicis primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:34:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0004130 name: auditory hair cell def: "A mechanoreceptor cell located in the inner ear that is sensitive to auditory stimuli. The accessory sensory structures are arranged so that appropriate stimuli cause movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system." [CL:0000202] xref: CL:0000202 is_a: XAO:0004138 ! sensory epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:41:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004131 name: lateral crista def: "Horizontal (lateral) patch of cristae/sensory epithelia cells of the inner ear." [PMID:20201105] synonym: "horizontal crista" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004138 ! sensory epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-25T11:44:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004132 name: presumptive ectoderm def: "Presumptive structure at the animal pole of the blastula that will develop into ectoderm." [UBERON:0006601] xref: UBERON:0006601 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000019 ! NF stage 9 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T08:59:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004133 name: posterior crista def: "Posterior patch of cristae/sensory epithelia cells of the inner ear." [PMID:20201105] xref: UBERON:0007275 is_a: XAO:0004138 ! sensory epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:03:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004134 name: presumptive paraxial mesoderm def: "Presumptive structure that will develop into paraxial mesoderm." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0007285 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000083 ! involuted dorsal mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000031 ! NF stage 10.5 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:08:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0004135 name: rhombic lip def: "The interface between the dorsal neuroepithelium and the roof plate of the fourth ventricle. The source of a number of migratory neuron populations of the hindbrain." [UBERON:0006215] xref: UBERON:0006215 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! hindbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:25:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004136 name: saccular macula def: "Portion of tissue that is a patch of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium in the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. The macula saccule senses linear acceleration and gravity." [PMID:20201105] xref: UBERON:0002212 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:31:03Z [Term] id: XAO:0004137 name: anterior crista def: "Anterior patch of cristae/sensory epithelia cells of the inner ear." [PMID:20201105] synonym: "anterior cristae" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0007274 is_a: XAO:0004138 ! sensory epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:42:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004138 name: sensory epithelial cell def: "A specialized epithelial cell involved in sensory perception. Restricted to special sense organs of the olfactory, gustatory, and vestibuloauditory systems; they contain sensory cells surrounded by supportive, non-receptive cells." [CL:0000098] xref: CL:0000098 is_a: XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T09:52:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0004139 name: outflow tract def: "The portion of the heart through which blood flows into the pulmocutaneous and systemic arteries. It is derived from cardiac precusor cells of the secondary heart field, and septation is incomplete." [PMID:10644411, PMID:20671188, UBERON:0004145] xref: UBERON:0004145 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004190 ! cardiac neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T10:12:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004140 name: ventricular outflow tract def: "A portion of either the left ventricle or right ventricle of the heart through which blood passes in order to enter the great arteries. The right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is an infundibular extension of the ventricular cavity which connects to the pulmonary artery. The left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), which connects to the aorta, is nearly indistinguishable from the rest of the ventricle." [PMID:10644411, UBERON:0005337] xref: UBERON:0005337 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004139 ! outflow tract relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T10:17:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004141 name: spiral septum def: "The thin, spiral-shaped membranous structure within the ventricular outflow tract of the heart." [PMID:10644411] synonym: "spiral septa" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0002099 is_a: XAO:0005422 ! septum relationship: develops_from XAO:0004186 ! secondary heart field relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004140 ! ventricular outflow tract relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T10:22:27Z [Term] id: XAO:0004142 name: vestibulocochlear ganglion def: "Ganglion that provides afferent innervation for hair cells associated with both the auditory and vestibular components of the inner ear. As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII." [PMID:21452441] synonym: "statoacoustic (VIII) ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "statoacoustic ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002827 is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0000223 ! otic placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003095 ! vestibulocochlear nerve relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T10:41:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004143 name: vascular plexus def: "Any network of intercommunicating blood vessels." [XAO:curators] xref: UBERON:0005629 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T10:59:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004144 name: anterior ventral blood island def: "Region that is overlapping, anterior, and dorsal to the main body of the ventral blood island." [PMID:21069823] synonym: "aVBI" EXACT [] synonym: "blood island" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004473 ! ventral mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: part_of XAO:0000067 ! ventral blood island relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T11:20:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0004145 name: vestibular apparatus def: "A small, oval, bony chamber of the labyrinth. The vestibule contains the utricle and saccule, organs which are part of the balancing apparatus of the ear." [UBERON:0005236] xref: UBERON:0001862 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: xenbase3 creation_date: 2011-08-26T11:46:49Z [Term] id: XAO:0004146 name: hemangioblast def: "A pluripotent cell in the ventral blood island that can give rise to mesenchymal cells including erythrocytes and endothelial cells." [PMID:11495698] xref: CL:0002418 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! hematological system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T10:27:52Z [Term] id: XAO:0004147 name: vitelline vein def: "One of two veins that run upward at first in front, and subsequently on either side of the intestinal canal. They unite on the ventral aspect of the canal, and beyond this are connected to one another by two anastomotic branches, one on the dorsal, and the other on the ventral aspect of the duodenal portion of the intestine, which is thus encircled by two venous rings; into the middle or dorsal anastomosis the superior mesenteric vein opens. The portions of the veins above the upper ring become interrupted by the developing liver and broken up by it into a plexus of small capillary-like vessels termed sinusoids." [UBERON:0005487] synonym: "vascular vitelline network" EXACT [] synonym: "vitelline veins" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0005487 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: develops_from XAO:0004144 ! anterior ventral blood island relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T10:36:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004148 name: myeloid cell def: "A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage." [CL:0000763] xref: CL:0000763 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0004144 ! anterior ventral blood island relationship: develops_from XAO:0004628 ! posterior ventral blood island relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! hematological system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T10:44:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0004149 name: endothelial cell def: "Cell that comprises the outermost layer or lining of anatomical structures and can be squamous or cuboidal." [CL:0000115] xref: CL:0000115 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000356 ! vascular endothelium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T10:48:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004150 name: erythroid cell def: "An immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to and including erythrocytes." [CL:0000764] synonym: "erythroid lineage cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000764 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0004144 ! anterior ventral blood island relationship: develops_from XAO:0004628 ! posterior ventral blood island relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000122 ! hematological system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T10:53:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004151 name: tail vasculature def: "Posterior vascular precursor cells of the tail region." [PMID:21069823] xref: UBERON:0010204 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: part_of XAO:0003026 ! tail relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:01:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004152 name: head vasculature def: "The blood vessels of the head region." [PMID:21069823] xref: UBERON:0002200 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:05:38Z [Term] id: XAO:0004153 name: retinal blood vessel def: "Blood vessels of the retina. May be visible in periocular stainings." [XAO:curators] synonym: "retinal blood vessels" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0004864 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:39:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004154 name: hyaloid blood vessel def: "Vessels that are associated with the posterior region of the lens." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0005046] synonym: "hyaloid blood vessels" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "hyaloid vessel" EXACT [] synonym: "hyaloid vessels" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0005492 is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:43:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004155 name: hyaloid artery def: "The hyaloid artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery, which is itself a branch of the internal carotid artery. It is contained within the optic stalk of the eye and extends from the optic disc through the vitreous humor to the lens. Its purpose is to supply nutrient to the developing lens." [UBERON:0002270] xref: UBERON:0002270 is_a: XAO:0004154 ! hyaloid blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:47:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004156 name: hyaloid vein def: "Vein internal to the eye." [UBERON:006011] xref: UBERON:0006011 is_a: XAO:0004154 ! hyaloid blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:51:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0004157 name: hyaloid vascular plexus def: "Network of intersecting blood vessels associated with the posterior region of the lens." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0005607 is_a: XAO:0004154 ! hyaloid blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T11:53:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0004158 name: anterior cerebral vein def: "Vein that crosses the head dorsally at NF stage 37/38 and drains into the vena capitis medialis." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0001672 is_a: XAO:0004160 ! cerebral vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T12:00:30Z [Term] id: XAO:0004159 name: posterior cerebral vein def: "Vein that drains the dorsal longitudinal vessel and the caudal portions of the venous capillary network of the medulla oblongata. The cerebral veins cross the head dorsally at NF stage 37-38. It drains into the vena capitis lateralis." [PMID:12606281, ZFA:0005027] is_a: XAO:0004160 ! cerebral vein relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T12:13:01Z [Term] id: XAO:0004160 name: cerebral vein def: "The cerebral veins are divisible into external and internal groups according to the outer surfaces or the inner parts of the hemispheres they drain into. The veins are the anterior cerebral veins, posterior cerebral veins, and middle cerebral vein which cross dorsally between the bilateral vena capitis lateralis." [UBERON:001663] xref: UBERON:0001663 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T12:16:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004161 name: middle cerebral vein def: "Type of vein that crosses the head dorsally at NF stage 37/38 and drains into the vena capitis lateralis." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "mid cerebral vein" EXACT [] synonym: "mid-cerebral vein" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004160 ! cerebral vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T12:23:07Z [Term] id: XAO:0004162 name: pulmonary artery def: "Type of artery that carries blood from the heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries that carry deoxygenated blood. Develops from aortic arch 6." [UBERON:0002012] xref: UBERON:0002012 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: develops_from XAO:0000353 ! aortic arch 6 relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T01:59:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004163 name: angioblast def: "A mesenchymal stem cell capable of developing into blood vessel endothelium." [CL:0000566] synonym: "angioblasts" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000566 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T02:11:31Z [Term] id: XAO:0004164 name: intersomitic vein def: "Type of vein that sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein, growing dorsally between the somites, and then joining, and draining the dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0004075 ! intersomitic vessel relationship: develops_from XAO:0000241 ! posterior cardinal vein relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T02:26:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004165 name: intersomitic artery def: "The small branching sprouts of the dorsal aorta that grow across the medial surface of the somite, turn right angles to grow over that surface and then fuse with other sprouts and form the vertebral arteries adjacent to the neural tube; the intersomitic arteries supply the body wall and persist in the adult as the posterior intercostal, subcostal and the lumbar arteries." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0006001 is_a: XAO:0004075 ! intersomitic vessel relationship: develops_from XAO:0000051 ! dorsal aorta relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-30T02:29:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0004166 name: left omphalomesenteric vein def: "In the trunk region, one of the veins into which the subintestinal vein drains, and which breaks up to merge with the vitelline network at NF stage 40." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000376 ! omphalomesenteric vein relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T10:32:04Z [Term] id: XAO:0004167 name: metencephalic artery def: "The artery that crosses the brain dorsally, and meets the metencephalic vein." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T10:38:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004168 name: metencephalic vein def: "The vein that crosses the brain dorsally, parallel with the mid-cerebral vein, and meets the metencephalic artery." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T10:43:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004169 name: ophthalmic vein def: "The dorsal branch/remnant of the vena capitis medialis, that drains blood from the eye. Together with the opthalmic artery, form a double ring encircling the eye and retina." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0011191 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: part_of XAO:0004170 ! vena capitis medialis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T11:03:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004170 name: vena capitis medialis def: "One of the major dorsal head veins that drains into the anterior cardinal vein, the other being the vena capitis lateralis." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "VCM" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T11:14:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004171 name: vena capitis lateralis def: "One of the major dorsal head veins that drains into the anterior cardinal vein, the other being the vena capitis medialis." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T11:22:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004172 name: subintestinal vein def: "Vein that is formed from and drains into the left omphalomesentric vein, and by NF stage 40, it is on the left side of the gut. It moves to the most ventral aspect of the gut during stage 41, and is on the right side of the gut by stage 43." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0011944 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004151 ! tail vasculature relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T11:24:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004173 name: mesencephalic artery def: "The major artery of the midbrain, which crosses the midbrain medially to meet its partner the mesencephalic vein." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0001634 is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! midbrain relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T12:02:13Z [Term] id: XAO:0004174 name: mesencephalic vein def: "The major vein of the midbrain, which crosses the midbrain medially to meet its partner the mesencephalic artery." [PMID:12606281] xref: UBERON:0010205 is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! midbrain relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T12:04:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004175 name: nasociliary artery def: "The main artery of the olfactory region which arises from the cerebral artery at NF stage 41." [PMID:12606281] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T12:13:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004176 name: optic choroid vascular plexus def: "A plexus of capillaries that is located anteromedial to the eye. It is a capillary layer in the choroid. It is in contact with the basal surface of the retinal pigmented epithelium and supplies the photoreceptors with oxygen and nutrients. The fused basement membrane of this capillary layer and the pigmented epithelium is called Bruch's membrane." [ISBN:1402073755] synonym: "capillary lamina of choroid" EXACT [] synonym: "choriocapillaris" EXACT [] synonym: "choroidal vascular plexus" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0010078 is_a: XAO:0004143 ! vascular plexus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T12:26:08Z [Term] id: XAO:0004177 name: dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel def: "Vessel into which intersomitic vessels enter in a regular pattern at each intersomitic junction. Posterior to the gut, the DLAV drains into the fused posterior cardinal vein by a minor right branch and a major left branch. By NF stage 36 the DLAV extends fully to the tip of the tail." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "DLAV" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T01:27:30Z [Term] id: XAO:0004178 name: dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel - left branch def: "The major (left) branch of the dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel (dlav); it remains as the sole branch after the right branch breaks up at NF stage 44." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "DLAV - left branch" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004177 ! dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T01:33:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004179 name: dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel - right branch def: "The minor (right) branch of the dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel (dlav); the right branch disappears during NF stage 44." [PMID:12606281] synonym: "DLAV - right branch" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004177 ! dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T01:38:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0004180 name: olfactory bulb def: "Part of the telencephalon, comprising paired anterior outgrowths of either of the cerebral hemispheres in which the olfactory nerve exits. The olfactory bulbs begin to fuse at NF stage 50, and fusion is complete around NF stage 58. The cerebral vein loops around the olfactory bulb by NF stage 43." [AAO:0010165, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "bulbus olfactorius" EXACT [] synonym: "OB" EXACT [] synonym: "olfactory lobe" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002264 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000012 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! olfactory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-08-31T02:08:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004181 name: cardiac myocyte def: "Type of myocyte that is responsible for heart contraction." [CL:0000746] synonym: "cardiac muscle cell" RELATED [] synonym: "cardiac muscle cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "cardiac myocytes" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "cardiomyocyte" RELATED [] synonym: "cardiomyocytes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000746 is_a: XAO:0004475 ! myocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000065 ! myocardium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T09:18:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004182 name: pericardium def: "The outer membrane/wall of the developing heart, surrounding the myocardium. Peritoneum that surrounds the heart." [AAO:0010817] xref: UBERON:0002407 is_a: XAO:0000139 ! peritoneum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T09:40:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004183 name: pericardial muscle def: "Muscle that is paired and runs anterio-posteriorly along the heart and is covered with epicardium." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001653] is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T09:46:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004184 name: pericardial roof def: "The dorsal region of the pericardium." [PMID:18598690] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004182 ! pericardium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T10:01:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0004185 name: primary heart field def: "The field of cardiac progenitor cells that form the heart tube in the embryonic heart." [PMID:18598690, PMID:20671188] synonym: "FHF" RELATED [] synonym: "first heart field" EXACT [] synonym: "PHF" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004140 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000235 ! cardiac mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T10:49:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0004186 name: secondary heart field def: "The population of cells located in the splanchnic mesoderm that contribute to the formation of the spiral septum of the outflow tract of the embryonic heart; it is located anterior to the primary heart field." [PMID:18598690, PMID:20671188] synonym: "second heart field" EXACT [] synonym: "SHF" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0009889 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000235 ! cardiac mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T10:56:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004187 name: anterior branchial crest def: "Branchial crest that is the 3rd neural crest stream and lays between hyoid crest and posterior branchial crest." [PMID:21490068] synonym: "ABC" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000026 ! branchial crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000026 ! branchial crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T11:14:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004188 name: posterior branchial crest def: "Branchial crest that is the most posterior of the five neural crest streams." [PMID:21490068] synonym: "PBC" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000026 ! branchial crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000026 ! branchial crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T11:18:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004189 name: endocardial cushion def: "The discrete swellings of cardiac jelly in the outflow tract and ventricular walls of the developing embryonic heart." [PMID:21490068] synonym: "cardiac cushion" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002062 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: part_of XAO:0000066 ! endocardium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T02:17:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004190 name: cardiac neural crest def: "Neural crest that develops from the dorsal neural tube. It overlaps the vagal neural crest and migrates to contribute to the pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 (producing structures in the head) and to the heart where it contributes to connective tissue (septa) that separates the vessels of the heart. Cardiac neural crest develops into melanocytes, cartilage, connective tissue and neurons of some pharyngeal arches." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_neural_crest_complex] xref: UBERON:0000095 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T02:35:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0004191 name: vagal neural crest def: "One of the 5 distinct and partially overlapping functional domains of the premigratory neural crest. Together with the sacral neural crest cells, they develop into the ganglia of the enteric nervous system, also known as the parasympathetic ganglia. These cells, between the head and trunk, contribute post-cranially to the heart and gut, the chromatophores (pigment cells) of the epidermis, and the majority of the neurons and glial cells of the enteric nervous system. Both vagal and sacral neural crest cells contribute to the enteric nervous system in the hindgut." [PMID:9753687, XAO:CJZ] synonym: "VNC" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0005428 is_a: XAO:0005327 ! chordal neural crest relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 relationship: part_of XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T02:50:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004192 name: sacral neural crest def: "One of the 5 distinct and partially overlapping functional domains of the premigratory neural crest. Together with the vagal neural crest cells, they develop into the ganglia of the enteric nervous system, also known as the parasympathetic ganglia. Sacral crest cells are associated with extrinsic nerve fibers of the hindgut and colon." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "SNC" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0010075 is_a: XAO:0005327 ! chordal neural crest relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 relationship: part_of XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-02T02:53:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004193 name: ossicle def: "Skeletal element that is often isolated, small, and variable in composition." [UBERON:0010911] xref: UBERON:0010911 is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:36:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0004194 name: appendicular ossicle def: "Ossicle that is part of the appendicular skeleton." [UBERON:0011141] xref: UBERON:0011141 is_a: XAO:0004193 ! ossicle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003166 ! appendicular skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:38:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004195 name: cellular bone tissue def: "Mineralized bone tissue that always includes non-terminally differentiated osteoblasts and osteocytes." [UBERON:4000118] xref: UBERON:4000118 is_a: XAO:0004040 ! mineralized bone tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:43:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004196 name: cementum def: "Odontoid tissue that is deposited by cementoblasts onto dentine tissue and functions to attach teeth, odontodes and other odontogenic derivatives to bone tissue and the integument." [UBERON:0001753] synonym: "bone of attachment" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001753 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:46:43Z [Term] id: XAO:0004197 name: elastic cartilage tissue def: "Cartilage tissue that is flexible and contains abundant elastic fibers." [UBERON:0001996] synonym: "elastic cartilage" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001996 is_a: XAO:0004044 ! non-mineralized hyaline cartilage tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004022 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:48:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0004198 name: enamel def: "Skeletal tissue that consists of an avascular, noncollagenous, hypermineralized matrix that is deposited by ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. It develops from organic pre-enamel tissue that is replaced by a largely inorganic matrix." [VSAO:0000065] synonym: "enamel tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "tooth enamel" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001752 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004202 ! pre-enamel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:51:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0004199 name: enameloid def: "Skeletal tissue that is hypermineralized and aprismatic and deposited by a combination of ameloblasts and odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix. It develops from pre-enameloid tissue." [UBERON:0011692] synonym: "bitypic enamel" EXACT [] synonym: "durodentine" EXACT [] synonym: "enameloid tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "vitrodentine" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0011692 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004203 ! pre-enameloid relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:56:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004200 name: non-mineralized chondroid tissue def: "Chondroid tissue that is not mineralized." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004038 ! skeletal tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T09:59:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004201 name: odontode tissue def: "Skeletal tissue that is avascular tubular mineralized matrix, primarily made of dentine that is deposited by odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix; develops from pre-dentine tissue." [VSAO:0000123] synonym: "dental tissue" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004052 ! pre-dentine relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T10:00:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004202 name: pre-enamel def: "Odontogenic tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by preameloblast and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix." [UBERON:0011588] synonym: "pre-enamel tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "preenamel tissue" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0011588 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T10:08:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004203 name: pre-enameloid def: "Odontoid tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by odontoblasts and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix." [UBERON:0011688] synonym: "non-mineralized enameloid tissue" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0011688 is_a: XAO:0004046 ! odontoid tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T10:15:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004204 name: sesamoid def: "Replacement element; an ossicle; often an endochondral replacement element that has cartilage and bone states that develops in dense regular connective tissue (e.g., tendons and ligaments)." [VSAO:0000137] xref: UBERON:0013631 is_a: XAO:0004193 ! ossicle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000074 ! NF stage 62 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T10:23:39Z [Term] id: XAO:0004205 name: gall bladder primordium def: "A sac-like cavity ventral to the liver, lying in the sub-mesodermal space and closed by a thin sheet of ectodermal cells, from which the future gall bladder develops." [ISBN:0815318960] xref: UBERON:0006242 is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T01:15:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004206 name: anterior placodal area def: "One of the 3 domains of the U-shaped preplacodal ectoderm (PPE), which lies abutting and anterior to the neural plate." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "anterior preplacodal ectoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "APA" EXACT [] synonym: "APPE" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 relationship: part_of XAO:0004092 ! preplacodal ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T01:29:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004207 name: posterior placodal area def: "One of the 3 domains of the U-shaped preplacodal ectoderm (PPE), which lies abutting and lateral to the chordal neural plate border and neural crest." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "posterior preplacodal ectoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "PPA" EXACT [] synonym: "PPPE" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0004092 ! preplacodal ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T01:40:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004208 name: adenohypophyseal placode def: "The small pre-placodal ectoderm area that develops at the midline of the anterior neural ridge, abutting the anterior neural plate, and invaginates to form Rathke's pouch, which in turn forms the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and gives rise to the endocrine secretory cells of the pituitary." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "pituitary placode" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0009122 is_a: XAO:0005283 ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: part_of XAO:0004091 ! non-neural ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T01:47:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0004209 name: anterior neural ridge def: "The region that delineates the rostral boundary of the neural plate in the neural stage embryo, and is devoid of neural crest cells. It gives rise to the pre-placodal region, some elements of the forebrain, and the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "ANR" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T02:26:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0004210 name: infundibulum def: "The region of the diencephalon above Rathke's pouch, and forms the posterior lobe of the pituitary." [XAO:curators] synonym: "hypophysial stalk" EXACT [] synonym: "infundibulum of hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "pituitary stalk" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002434 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-13T02:33:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004211 name: facial epibranchial placode def: "The most anterior of the epibranchial placodes, associated with the 1st pharyngeal cleft and contributing to the distal ganglia of cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "epVII" EXACT [] synonym: "geniculate placode" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0009124 is_a: XAO:0000284 ! epibranchial placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T09:21:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0004212 name: glossopharyngeal epibranchial placode def: "The central of the three epibranchial placodes, associated with the 2nd pharyngeal cleft and contributing to the distal ganglia of cranial nerve IX (glossopharyngeal nerve)." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "epIX" EXACT [] synonym: "petrosal placode" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0009125 is_a: XAO:0000284 ! epibranchial placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T09:25:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0004213 name: vagal epibranchial placode def: "The most posterior of the epibranchial placodes, in 3 distinct zones, associated with the 3rd to 6th pharyngeal clefts, and contributing to the facial, lateral line and glossopharyngeal ganglion." [ISBN:0878933840] synonym: "nodose placode" EXACT [] synonym: "nodose placodes" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "vagal epibranchial placodes" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0009126 is_a: XAO:0000284 ! epibranchial placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T09:36:07Z [Term] id: XAO:0004214 name: accessory nerve def: "Small motor nerve that emerges from the lateral wall of the medulla with the roots of the vagus nerve, and innervates a single pectoral suspensory muscle, the m. cucullaris." [ISBN:080184780X] synonym: "accessorius" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial nerve XI" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002019 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T10:03:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004215 name: hypoglossal nerve def: "Nerve that leads to the muscles of the tongue (mm geniohyoideus, genioglossus, hyoglossus, and rectus cervicis) and has both sensory and motor functions." [ISBN:080184780X] comment: Duellman and Trueb (pg. 395) note that although the primordia of this nerve are in the 1st and 2nd spinal nerves, this nerve contains fibers representing the hypoglossal nerve in amniotes and is thus considered one of the cranial nerves. synonym: "cranial nerve XII" EXACT [] synonym: "hypoglossus" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001650 is_a: XAO:0000429 ! cranial nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T10:07:12Z [Term] id: XAO:0004216 name: glomeral nexus def: "The narrow bridge that links the two glomera of the pronephric kidney." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000318 ! glomus relationship: end_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 relationship: part_of XAO:0000318 ! glomus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-14T10:38:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004217 name: motor neuron def: "An efferent neuron that passes from the central nervous system or a ganglion toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement." [CL:0000100] synonym: "motoneuron" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000100 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-27T09:25:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004218 name: palatoquadrate def: "The dorsal component of the mandibular arch, the ventral one being Meckel's cartilage. Together with the ceratohyal and connecting musculature, it is responsible for the ventilation and irrigation of the filter apparatus." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000024 ! mandibular crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000097 ! mandibular arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004219 name: ceratohyal def: "Cartilaginous element that, together with the palatoquadrate and connecting musculature, is responsible for the ventilation and irrigation of the of the filter apparatus." [XAO:curators] synonym: "ch" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0000025 ! hyoid crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000098 ! hyoid arch relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004220 name: anteroventral lateral line placode def: "Lateral line placode that gives rise to the anteroventral lateral line nerve." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "anterior ventral lateral line placode" EXACT [] synonym: "pAV" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000440 ! lateral line placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-27T09:32:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004221 name: anterior lateral line placode def: "Lateral line placode that gives rise to the anterior lateral line nerve." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "pre-auditory lateral line placode" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000440 ! lateral line placode relationship: develops_from XAO:0000440 ! lateral line placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004222 name: middle lateral line placode def: "Lateral line placode that gives rise to the middle lateral line nerve." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "intermediate lateral line placode" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000440 ! lateral line placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004223 name: posterior lateral line placode def: "Lateral line placode that gives rise to the posterior lateral line nerve." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "pP" EXACT [] synonym: "vagus lateral line placode" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000440 ! lateral line placode relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004224 name: transporting epithelium def: "Type of epithelium that facilitates the transcellular transport of solutes. This transport can either be absorption, transport from lumen (apical membrane surface) to blood; or secretion, transport from blood (basolateral membrane surface) to lumen." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcellular_transport] synonym: "transporting epithelia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004225 name: non-ciliated epithelial cell def: "Type of cell of the epidermis lacking cilia, which separate and space the ciliated epidermal cells." [PMID:16728476] synonym: "intercalating non-ciliated cell" RELATED [] synonym: "non-ciliated epithelial cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004226 name: ventral tegmentum def: "Region of the mesencephalon that arises from a small area of the neural plate, spanning the midline immediately adjacent, and being slightly posterior to the dorsal tegmentum area." [PMID:2351962] synonym: "tegmentum ventrale" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral brain stem" RELATED [] synonym: "ventral tegmental area" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004271 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004227 name: dorsal tegmentum def: "Region of the mesencephalon that arises from a small area of the neural plate immediately adjacent and slightly anterior to the ventral tegmentum area." [PMID:2351962] synonym: "dorsal brain stem" RELATED [] synonym: "tegmentum dorsale" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004271 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004228 name: lateral abdominal vein def: "Laterally located vein that drains the ventral abdominal wall." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-27T09:37:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004229 name: fin crest def: "The thin epidermis extension of the inner fin visible in the mid trunk region of the inner fin at NF stage 27, and extending posteriorly and then ventrally, ending just before the proctodeum. The fin is more homogeneous in NF stage 46 tadpoles, and the inner fin and fin crest are no longer discrete." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000004 ! inner fin relationship: end_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: part_of XAO:0003026 ! tail relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004230 name: anterior hypothalamus def: "Anterior part of the hypothalamus, given rise by the midanterior neural ridge along with the chiasmatic ridge during forebrain morphogenesis." [PMID:8537821] synonym: "alar hypothalamus" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004070 ! hypothalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-27T09:51:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0004231 name: barbel def: "A single long structure at each corner of the mouth that has muscle fibers attached to an internal cartilaginous support and that is mobile." [ISBN:0226557626] is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000073 ! NF stage 61 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004232 name: spiracle def: "The exit for respiratory water in the tadpole." [ISBN:0226557626] is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004233 name: truncus arteriosus def: "A cranial continuation of the bulbis cordis that contains two lateral branches and divides into the carotid arch, systemic arch, and pulmocutaneous arch." [ISBN:0801836018] is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004234 name: bulbous arteriosis def: "Multi-tissue structure through which the blood exits the heart. It is a chamber that functions as a capacitor, maintaining continuous blood flow into the gill arches." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000173] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004235 name: manicotto glandulare def: "The larval stomach." [ISBN:0226893340] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004236 name: posterior hypothalamus def: "Posterior part of the hypothalamus, given rise by the midanterior neural plate during forebrain morphogenesis." [PMID:8537821] synonym: "basal hypothalamus" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004070 ! hypothalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-27T09:51:49Z [Term] id: XAO:0004237 name: lateral ganglionic eminence def: "A distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the striatum; however, neocortex, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the LGE." [UBERON:0004025] synonym: "LGE" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004025 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 relationship: part_of XAO:0004258 ! subpallium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-27T09:59:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004238 name: femur rudiment def: "A cartilaginous element that is the primordium or commencement of a femur." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000063 ! NF stage 51 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004239 name: hindlimb digit 1 def: "The most posterior of the hind digits, consisting of a single metatarsal, 2 phalanges, and a claw." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "hallux" RELATED [] synonym: "hind digit 1" EXACT [] synonym: "pedal digit 1" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 1" EXACT [] synonym: "toe I" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003035 ! hindlimb digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004240 name: branchial vein def: "Type of vein that drains the gill region and which passes backwards lateral to the gill chambers and opens into the pronephric sinus." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004241 name: ischiadic vein def: "A vein of the hind limb, first visible in the developing hind limb bud at c. NF stage 50 when it enters the ventral commissural vessel." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000062 ! NF stage 50 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004242 name: ischiadic artery def: "The accompanying artery of the ischiadic nerve." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accompanying_artery_of_ischiadic_nerve] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004243 name: femoral vein def: "Either of the primary veins in the hindlimbs that collect blood from the hindlimb region." [AAO:0010237] synonym: "vena femoralis" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004296 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: start_stage XAO:1000063 ! NF stage 51 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004244 name: mandibular artery def: "Part of the lateral pretrosal artery that supplies blood to the roof of the mouth." [AAO:0010496] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004245 name: maxillary artery def: "A type of artery that supplies the deep structures of the facial region. It branches from the external carotid artery." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxillary_artery] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004246 name: rhombomere R7 def: "The 7th segment of the developing hindbrain." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "r7" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 7" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:01:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004247 name: vertebral artery def: "A major artery of the neck that branches from the subclavian arteries and merge to form the single midline basilar artery." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebral_artery] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004248 name: epigastric artery def: "Artery that supplies the anterior wall of the abdomen." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/epigastric+artery] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004249 name: renal artery def: "Artery that supplies blood via branches to the gonads, oviducts, and kidneys." [AAO:0010223] synonym: "interrenal artery" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000114 ! artery relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000140 ! urogenital system relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004250 name: facial vein def: "Vein that collects blood from muscles of the head and drains into the external jugular vein." [AAO:0010513] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004152 ! head vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004251 name: cutaneous magnus def: "Vein that comes from the skin of the trunk." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004252 name: cutaneous femoral vein def: "Vein that comes from the subcutaneous tissue of the hindlimb stylopod." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004296 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004253 name: postcaval vein def: "One of three major veins that enter the sinus venosus." [AAO:0010506] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004254 name: subclavian vein def: "Vein that collects blood from the forelimb via the branchial veins and from the muscles and skin of the trunk via the anterior epigastric and lateral veins." [AAO:0010510] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-28T05:08:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004255 name: lateral vein def: "Either of the veins that collect blood from the trunk and skin and drain into the subclavian vein." [AAO:0010515] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004256 name: ventral abdominal vein def: "A vein formed by the combination of veins in the pelvic region that collects blood from the liver, stomach, intestines, and gall bladder." [AAO:0010517] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004423 ! trunk vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004257 name: Jacobson's vein def: "Vein that drains Jacobson's organ." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004258 name: subpallium def: "Structure that comprises the base region of the telencephalon." [UBERON:0000204] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000012 ! telencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004259 name: medial ganglionic eminence def: "A distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the neocortex; however, hippocampal neurons, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the MGE." [UBERON:0004024] synonym: "MGE" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0004024 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 relationship: part_of XAO:0004258 ! subpallium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004260 name: pharyngeal pouch def: "Any of the outpocketings of pharyngeal endoderm that interdigitate with the neural crest derived pharyngeal arches. The pouches later fuse with the surface ectoderm to form the gill slits." [TAO:0001106, XAO:EJS] synonym: "pharyngeal pouches" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0004117 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004463 ! pharyngeal endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: part_of XAO:0004261 ! pharyngeal region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004261 name: pharyngeal region def: "Region encompassing the oral end of the alimentary canal." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004262 name: ventral caudal lymphatic vessel def: "Lymphatic vessel located in the posterior ventral region of the trunk, ventral to the posterior cardinal vein." [PMID:9048122465] synonym: "VCLV" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000375 ! lymph vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004263 name: stylopod def: "Limb segment that is the proximal part of the limb (i.e. the humerus of the forelimb, and the femur of the hindlimb, and surrounding tissues)." [UBERON:0002472] synonym: "mesopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "stylopodium" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002472 is_a: XAO:0004294 ! limb segment relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004264 name: zeugopod def: "Limb segment that is the middle part of the limb (i.e. the radio-ulna of the forelimb, and the tarsus and tibia-fibula of the hindlimb, and surrounding tissues)." [UBERON:0002471] synonym: "metapodium" EXACT [] synonym: "zeugopodium" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002471 is_a: XAO:0004294 ! limb segment relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004265 name: autopod def: "Limb segment that is the terminal part of the limb (i.e. the metacarpels and phalanges of the forelimb, and the metatarsals and phalanges of the hindlimb, and surrounding tissues)." [XAO:curators] synonym: "acropodium" EXACT [] synonym: "autopodium" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004294 ! limb segment relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004266 name: rhombomere R8 def: "The 8th and most posterior segment of the developing hindbrain." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "r8" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 8" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:01:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004267 name: interneuron def: "A multipolar neuron that connects afferent neurons and efferent neurons in neural pathways. They are found within the central nervous system and enteric nervous system." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interneuron] xref: CL:0000099 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005195 ! enteric nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-27T10:24:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004268 name: posterior lateral line def: "A lateral line that extends from the ear in a posterior-ventral direction." [PMID:2652193] is_a: XAO:0004002 ! lateral line relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004269 name: anterodorsal lateral line placode def: "Lateral line placode that gives rise to the anterodorsal lateral line nerve." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "anterior dorsal lateral line placode" EXACT [] synonym: "antero-dorsal lateral line placode" EXACT [] synonym: "pAD" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000440 ! lateral line placode relationship: develops_from XAO:0004206 ! anterior placodal area relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004270 name: hepato-pancreatic progenitor cell def: "Any of a field of cells in the posterior section of the foregut that will give rise to the liver bud and dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds." [XAO:curators] synonym: "hepato-pancreatic progenitor cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0005033 ! progenitor cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000101 ! liver diverticulum relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell [Term] id: XAO:0004271 name: midbrain tegmentum def: "Multi-tissue structure that is the ventral part of the midbrain." [UBERON:0001943] synonym: "Tegm" EXACT [] synonym: "tegmentum" RELATED [] synonym: "tegmentum mesencephali" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral midbrain" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001943 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! midbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-01-28T06:06:15Z [Term] id: XAO:0004272 name: migrating neuroblast def: "Any of the neuronal precursor cells that are isolated and scattered throughout the anterior ventro-lateral region of the embryo, generally in a punctate pattern, immediately below the ectoderm." [PMID:17554687, XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 relationship: part_of XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-02-08T12:22:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0004274 name: articular system def: "Anatomical system that consists of all the joints of the body." [UBERON:0004770] synonym: "joint system" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0004770 is_a: XAO:0003002 ! anatomical system relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003060 ! skeletal system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0004275 name: axial ossicle def: "Ossicle that is part of the axial skeleton." [UBERON:0011142] synonym: "vertebral ossicle" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0011142 is_a: XAO:0004193 ! ossicle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003073 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0004276 name: bone element def: "Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue." [UBERON:0001474] synonym: "bone" RELATED [] synonym: "bone organ" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001474 is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0004277 name: caudal fin skeleton def: "Median fin skeleton supporting the caudal fin." [VSAO:0000167] is_a: XAO:0004282 ! median fin skeleton relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004062 ! tail fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0004278 name: coracoid bone def: "Paired bone that is part of the shoulder assembly, joining the scapula to the front end of the sternum." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coracoid] synonym: "coracoid" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004743 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003063 ! pectoral girdle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 [Term] id: XAO:0004279 name: cranial skeleton def: "Skeletal subdivision of the head that includes the skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus." [VSAO:0000049] is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004011 ! axial skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0004280 name: dorsal fin skeleton def: "Median fin skeleton located on the dorsal surface of the organism." [VSAO:0000168] is_a: XAO:0004282 ! median fin skeleton relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004063 ! dorsal fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0004281 name: median fin def: "Fin that is an unpaired fin located in the sagittal plane of the organism." [VSAO:0000162] is_a: XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0004282 name: median fin skeleton def: "Postcranial axial skeleton that is unpaired and located on the sagittal plane of the organism." [VSAO:0000170] synonym: "axial fin skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "unpaired fin skeleton" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004281 ! median fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0004283 name: paired appendage def: "Appendage that is one of the anterior or posterior paired appendages (i.e. the forelimbs and hindlimbs)." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000218 ! appendage relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0004284 name: pectoral appendage def: "Appendage that is one of the anterior paired appendages (i.e. the forelimbs)." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "anterior paired appendage" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004283 ! paired appendage relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0004285 name: pelvic appendage def: "Appendage that is one of the posterior paired appendages (i.e. the hindlimbs)." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "posterior paired appendage" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004283 ! paired appendage relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0004286 name: scapula def: "Bone that forms the posterior part of the pectoral (shoulder) girdle." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapula] is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003063 ! pectoral girdle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 [Term] id: XAO:0004287 name: vertebral centrum def: "Skeletal element that surrounds the notochord." [VSAO:0000183] synonym: "centrum" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004288 ! vertebral element relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0004288 name: vertebral element def: "Skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column." [UBERON:0010913] xref: UBERON:0010913 is_a: XAO:0004012 ! skeletal element relationship: develops_from XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003074 ! vertebral column relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0004289 name: skeletal subdivision def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements that are part of the skeleton." [VSAO:0000042] synonym: "subdivision of skeleton" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0010912 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004053 ! skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:0004290 name: cell part def: "Anatomical structure that is part of a cell and that has a granularity level equal to that of a protein complex or higher." [CARO:0000014] synonym: "cell component" EXACT [] xref: CARO:0000014 xref: GO:0044464 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-02-23T11:17:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0004291 name: cell-free extract namespace: xenopus_anatomy_in_vitro def: "A solution obtained by rupturing cells (especially unfertilized oocytes) and removing all particulate matter." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cell-free+extract] synonym: "cell-free extracts" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003007 ! anatomical entity in vitro created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T01:20:30Z [Term] id: XAO:0004292 name: wedge region def: "Region of the oocyte vegetal cortex that contains a subdomain of ER organized on top of the mitochondrial cloud and where localization of Vg1 mRNA takes place." [PMID:15654016] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000085 ! oocyte stage III relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000084 ! oocyte stage II created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T01:46:15Z [Term] id: XAO:0004293 name: ring structure def: "Contractile ring formed at the division plane of the oocyte during first cleavage." [PMID:11942608] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000085 ! oocyte stage III created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T01:47:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004294 name: limb segment def: "A major subdivision of a limb." [UBERON:0002529] is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003027 ! limb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T02:08:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0004295 name: forelimb stylopod def: "Stylopod (the limb segment closest to the body) that is part of a forelimb." [UBERON:0003822] synonym: "upper arm" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004263 ! stylopod relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003030 ! forelimb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T02:21:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004296 name: hindlimb stylopod def: "Stylopod (the limb segment closet to the body) that is part of a hindlimb." [XAO:curators] synonym: "upper leg" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004263 ! stylopod relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! hindlimb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T02:22:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0004297 name: forelimb zeugopod def: "Limb segment that is the middle part of the forelimb (i.e. the radio-ulna and surrounding tissues)." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0004264 ! zeugopod relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003030 ! forelimb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T02:29:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004298 name: hindlimb zeugopod def: "Limb segment that is the middle part of the hindlimb (i.e. the tarsus and tibia-fibula and surrounding tissues)." [UBERON:0003823] is_a: XAO:0004264 ! zeugopod relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! hindlimb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T02:30:08Z [Term] id: XAO:0004299 name: hand def: "Terminal portion of a forelimb." [UBERON:0002398] synonym: "front foot" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004265 ! autopod relationship: develops_from XAO:0004490 ! forelimb bud tip relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003030 ! forelimb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T02:45:33Z [Term] id: XAO:0004300 name: foot def: "Terminal portion of a hindlimb that bears weight and allows locomotion." [UBERON:0002387] synonym: "hind foot" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004265 ! autopod relationship: develops_from XAO:0004491 ! hindlimb bud tip relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! hindlimb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T02:45:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004301 name: eminentia thalami def: "Part of the diencephalon that is located between the prethalamus, hypothalamus, and the telencephalon." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T03:15:31Z [Term] id: XAO:0004302 name: pallium def: "Structure that comprises the roof region of the telencephalon." [UBERON:0000203] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000012 ! telencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T03:21:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004303 name: pretectum def: "Multi-tissue structure that is the dorsal part of the diencephalon and the major sensory input to which is visual." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000418] synonym: "P1" RELATED [] synonym: "prosomere 1" RELATED [] synonym: "PT" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000024 ! NF stage 14 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T03:28:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0004304 name: prethalamus def: "Multi-tissue structure forming the anterior part of the diencephalon and lying between the thalamus, hypothalamus, and eminentia thalami." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "P3" RELATED [] synonym: "prosomere 3" RELATED [] synonym: "PTh" EXACT [] synonym: "subthalamus" RELATED [] synonym: "ventral thalamus" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004306 ! thalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T03:34:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0004305 name: zona limitans intrathalamica def: "A narrow stripe of cells that lies between the prospective dorsal and ventral thalami. This boundary contains signals that pattern the prethalamic and thalamic territories of the future mid-diencephalon." [UBERON:0009848] synonym: "Zli" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T03:39:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0004306 name: thalamus def: "A midline paired symmetrical structure within the brain; the main product of the embryonic diencephalon." [UBERON:0001897] synonym: "Th" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T03:44:52Z [Term] id: XAO:0004307 name: head mesenchyme def: "Mesoderm that will give rise, along with cranial neural crest cells, to connective tissue, bone and musculature in the head." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000113] synonym: "cephalic mesenchyme" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T04:21:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004308 name: glial cell def: "Any of the non-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons in the brain, and for neurons in other parts of the nervous system such as in the autonomic nervous system. Neural crest derived." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "glia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "glial cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "neuroglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "neuroglial cells" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000125 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T09:44:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004309 name: postmigratory neural crest cell def: "Any of the cells that are of neural crest origin, now in place in their postmigratory target tissues, such as the sciatic nerve, dorsal root ganglia, gut or skin. They can be visualised or detected by specific molecular markers." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "postmigratory neural crest cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 relationship: part_of XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T09:50:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004310 name: stapes def: "Bone of the ear that is connected to the tympanic membrane via the extrastapes. This structure is the amphibian ear ossicle, also known as the columella. It extends between extrastapes cartilage and the oval window. The extrastapes forms a cartilaginous tympanic disk." [ISBN:0520252780, XAO:curators] synonym: "columella" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000214 ! auditory ossicle is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000191 ! middle ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T10:07:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0004311 name: regenerating limb def: "A portion of limb tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T10:08:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0004312 name: regenerating fin def: "A portion of fin tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T10:10:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0004313 name: joint region def: "Anatomical region at which two or more bones make contact and that includes some of the surrounding tissues of various types." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "joint" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T10:13:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0004314 name: digit-joint region def: "A joint region within a digit, one of several most distal parts of a limb." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004313 ! joint region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003032 ! digit relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T10:14:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0004315 name: perichondrial cell def: "A cell of the perichondrium, the fibrous membrane of connective tissue covering the surface of cartilage." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Perichondrial] synonym: "perichondrial cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004049 ! perichondrium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T10:15:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004316 name: interdigital region def: "Anatomical region between digits, the most distal parts of a limb." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T10:16:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0004317 name: amputated tissue def: "A portion of tissue that has been removed from the body." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T10:19:48Z [Term] id: XAO:0004318 name: amputated fin def: "A portion of fin tissue that has been removed from the body." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004317 ! amputated tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T10:22:32Z [Term] id: XAO:0004319 name: amputated limb def: "A portion of limb tissue that has been removed from the body." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004317 ! amputated tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T10:23:05Z [Term] id: XAO:0004320 name: mesenchymal stem cell def: "Multipotent stromal cell that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including: osteoblasts/osteocytes (bone cells), chondroblasts/chondrocytes (cartilage cells), and adipoblasts/adipocytes (fat cells)." [XAO:curators] synonym: "mesenchymal cell" RELATED [] synonym: "mesenchymal stem cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003054 ! stem cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-10T11:14:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004321 name: dorsal caudal lymphatic vessel def: "Lymphatic vessel located in the posterior dorsal region of the trunk." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "DCLV" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000375 ! lymph vessel relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-03-25T03:48:38Z [Term] id: XAO:0004322 name: cranial muscle def: "Any of the muscles that are part of the head." [XAO:curators] synonym: "head muscle" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004323 name: mandibular head muscle def: "Any of the paired mandibular arch muscles." [PMID:21050205] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004324 name: hyoid head muscle def: "Any of the bilateral hyoid arch muscles innervated by cranial nerve VII." [PMID:21050205] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004325 name: branchial head muscle def: "Any of the muscles that support the filigreed structure of the gill basket necessary for filter feeding, through the stabilisation, extension and compression of the gill basket." [PMID:21050205] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004326 name: hypobranchial head muscle def: "Straplike muscle that arises from elements of the pectoral girdle and passes to the hyoid bone and laryngeal cartilages." [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/279858/hypobranchial-muscle] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004327 name: eye muscle def: "A muscle that is part of the eye region and controls the movement of the eye." [UBERON:0004277] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004328 name: m. levator mandibulae longus internus def: "Muscle that is part a complex that arises from the skull roof and acts to elevate or close the lower jaw. It separates medially from levator mandibulae longus supeficialis, with which it shares a common origin." [PMID:17624928] synonym: "mlmli" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004323 ! mandibular head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004425 ! m. levator mandibulae longus internus primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004329 name: m. levator mandibulae longus profundus def: "Muscle that is part a complex that arises from the skull roof and acts to elevate or close the lower jaw. After separating from levator mandibulae longus superficialis, it parallels it and inserts in the connective tissue. Only at later stages, its rostral third is slightly curved laterally and inserts in the region of the anlage of the tentacular cartilage." [PMID:17624928] synonym: "mlmlp" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004323 ! mandibular head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004426 ! m. levator mandibulae longus profundus primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004330 name: m. levator mandibulae longus superficialis def: "Muscle that is part a complex that arises from the skull roof and acts to elevate or close the lower jaw. The first mandibular arch muscle to appear, it originates ventral to the center of the eye, and extends rostroventrally to end lateral to the buccal cavity." [PMID:17624928] synonym: "mlmls" EXACT [] synonym: "superior long mandibular levator muscle" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004323 ! mandibular head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004427 ! m. levator mandibulae longus superior primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004331 name: m. levator mandibulae articularis def: "Muscle that is part a complex that arises from the skull roof and acts to elevate or close the lower jaw. It originates from the ventral bend of the anlage of processus muscularis palatoquadrati. It runs ventrally near the levator mandibulae longus supeficialis and inserts anterior of it at Meckel's cartilage." [PMID:17624928] synonym: "articularis mandibular levator muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "mlma" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004323 ! mandibular head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004428 ! m. levator mandibulae articularis primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004332 name: m. levator mandibulae externus def: "Muscle that is part a complex that arises from the skull roof and acts to elevate or close the lower jaw. The last jaw levator to develop, it originates rostral to the palatoquadrate." [PMID:17624928] synonym: "external mandibular levator muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "mlme" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004323 ! mandibular head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004429 ! m. levator mandibulae externus primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004333 name: m. intermandibularis def: "Ventral muscle of the larval head that is a broad transverse sheet lying between the Meckel's cartilages and joining its opposite mid-ventrally in an median raphe." [http://jcs.biologists.org/content/s2-81/322/161] synonym: "intermandibular muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "mim" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004323 ! mandibular head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004430 ! m. intermandibularis primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004334 name: m. quadrato-hyoangularis def: "Hyoid arch muscle that connects Meckel's cartilage with the palatoquadrate and supports the opening of the mouth by depressing Meckel's cartilage." [PMID:21050205] synonym: "mqh" EXACT [] synonym: "quadrato-hyoangularis muscle" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004324 ! hyoid head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004431 ! m. quadrato-hyoangularis primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004335 name: m. orbitohyoideus def: "Large, tapering muscle that originates on the muscular process and inserts on the ceratohyal." [ISBN:0226557626] synonym: "moh" EXACT [] synonym: "orbitohyoidal muscle" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004324 ! hyoid head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004432 ! m. orbitohyoideus primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004336 name: m. interhyoideus def: "A thin curved muscle located between the ceratohyal cartilages." [PMID:21050205] synonym: "interhyoidal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "mih" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004324 ! hyoid head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004433 ! m. interhyoideus primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004337 name: m. subarcualis rectus I def: "Deep, visceral muscle associated with tongue movement." [AAO:0010659] synonym: "msr" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004325 ! branchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004434 ! m. subarcualis rectus I primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004338 name: m. transversus anterior def: "Muscle situated between the planum hypobranchiale and the basihyobranchial, presumably to stabilize the connection between these elements." [PMID:17624928] synonym: "mta" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004325 ! branchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004435 ! m. transversus anterior primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004339 name: m. transversus ventralis II def: "Muscle that springs from the second branchial arch, meeting its opposite in a mid-ventral raphe." [http://jcs.biologists.org/content/s2-81/322/161] synonym: "mtvII" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004325 ! branchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004436 ! m. transversus ventralis II primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004340 name: mm. levator arcuum branchialium I def: "The 1st branchial levator muscle, which contributes to raising the branchial apparatus." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlabI" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004325 ! branchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004437 ! mm. levator arcuum branchialium I primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004341 name: mm. levator arcuum branchialium II def: "The 2nd branchial levator muscle, which contributes to raising the branchial apparatus." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlabII" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004325 ! branchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004438 ! mm. levator arcuum branchialium II primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004342 name: mm. levator arcuum branchialium III def: "The 3rd branchial levator muscle, which contributes to raising the branchial apparatus." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlabIII" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004325 ! branchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004439 ! mm. levator arcuum branchialium III primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004343 name: mm. levator arcuum branchialium IV def: "The 4th branchial levator muscle, which contributes to raising the branchial apparatus." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlabIV" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004325 ! branchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004440 ! mm. levator arcuum branchialium IV primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004344 name: mm. constrictores branchiales II def: "Muscle that arises on part of the chondrocranium and passes to the ventro-lateral region of the cerato-branchialia. It originates on the ventrolateral process of the palatoquadrate." [http://jcs.biologists.org/content/s2-81/322/161] synonym: "mcbII" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004325 ! branchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004441 ! mm. constrictores branchiales II primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004345 name: mm. constrictores branchiales III def: "Muscle that arises on part of the chondrocranium and passes to the ventro-lateral region of the cerato-branchialia. It is located on the crista parotica and commissura branchio-cranialis." [http://jcs.biologists.org/content/s2-81/322/161] synonym: "mcbIII" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004325 ! branchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004442 ! mm. constrictores branchiales III primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004346 name: mm. constrictores branchiales IV def: "Muscle that arises on part of the chondrocranium and passes to the ventro-lateral region of the cerato-branchialia. It is a small muscle situated at the posterior end of the branchial skeleton." [http://jcs.biologists.org/content/s2-81/322/161] synonym: "mcbIV" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004325 ! branchial head muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004443 ! mm. constrictores branchiales IV primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004349 name: m. constrictor laryngis def: "Muscle that consists of dorsal and ventral parts that arise from medial raphe and insert on the arytenoid cartilages." [ISBN:0226557626] is_a: XAO:0004351 ! laryngeal muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004446 ! m. constrictor laryngis primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004350 name: m. dilatator laryngis def: "Muscle that arises from the edge of levator arcus branchialis IV and inserts on the arytenoid cartilage and the cricoid ring." [ISBN:0226557626] is_a: XAO:0004351 ! laryngeal muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004447 ! m. dilatator laryngis primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004351 name: laryngeal muscle def: "Type of muscle that attaches to the larynx." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "LM" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004448 ! laryngeal muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004352 name: m. rectus anterior def: "Muscle in the orbit that inserts on the anterior side of the eye and the function of which is adduction of the eyeball." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0004327 ! eye muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004449 ! m. rectus anterior primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004353 name: m. rectus posterior def: "Muscle in the orbit that inserts on the posterior side of the eye and the function of which is adduction of the eyeball." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0004327 ! eye muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004450 ! m. rectus posterior primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004354 name: m. rectus inferior def: "Muscle in the orbit that depresses, adducts, and helps extort (rotate laterally) the eye." [UBERON:0006322] is_a: XAO:0004327 ! eye muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004451 ! m. rectus inferior primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004355 name: m. rectus superior def: "Muscle in the orbit, the primary function is of which is elevation." [UBERON:0006323] is_a: XAO:0004327 ! eye muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004452 ! m. rectus superior primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004356 name: m. obliquus inferior def: "Thin, narrow muscle placed near the anterior margin of the floor of the orbit." [UBERON:0006320] is_a: XAO:0004327 ! eye muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004453 ! m. obliquus inferior primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004357 name: m. obliquus superior def: "Muscle in the upper, medial side of the orbit whose primary action is downward, lateral rotation of the eye." [UBERON:0006321] is_a: XAO:0004327 ! eye muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0004454 ! m. obliquus superior primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004358 name: basihyal alt_id: XAO:0004382 def: "Cartilaginous element that is median and is the anterior-most cartilage of the ventral hyoid arch." [UBERON:0011615] synonym: "basihyobranchial" EXACT [] synonym: "bhb" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004359 name: ceratobranchial I def: "The cartilaginous element below the epibranchial in branchial arch 1." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Ceratobranchial] synonym: "cbl-I" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004360 name: ceratobranchial II def: "The cartilaginous element below the epibranchial in branchial arch 2." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Ceratobranchial] synonym: "cbl-II" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004361 name: ceratobranchial III def: "The cartilaginous element below the epibranchial in branchial arch 3." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Ceratobranchial] synonym: "cbl-III" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004362 name: ceratobranchial IV def: "The cartilaginous element below the epibranchial in branchial arch 4." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Ceratobranchial] synonym: "cbl-IV" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004363 name: commisura quadratocranialis anterior def: "Cartilaginous element comprising the rostral connection of the palatoquadrate cartilage to the neurocranium." [PMID:21050205] synonym: "cqca" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004364 name: cornua trabecula def: "Cartilaginous element that supports the anterior end of the nasal organ." [ISBN:1276806469] synonym: "cornua trabeculae" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "ct" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004365 name: fenestra basicranialis def: "The space where the trabeculae of the tadpole chondrocranium have not yet fused." [ISBN:0226557626] synonym: "fbc" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004366 name: facies hyoidis of the palatoquadrate def: "One of the cartilaginous surfaces of the tadpole jaw." [XAO:curators] synonym: "fhpq" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004367 name: fenestra subocularis def: "The wide gap that separates the palatoquadrate from the neurocranium." [ISBN:0226557626] synonym: "fso" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004368 name: infrarostral def: "Cartilaginous element comprising cartilages that articulate with Meckel's cartilage in the lower jaw and are fused medially." [PMID:21050205] synonym: "io" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004369 name: processus anterior hyalis def: "Cartilaginous element comprising the anterior process of ceratohyal cartilage derived from the hyoid neural crest stream." [PMID:21050205] synonym: "pach" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004370 name: processus articularis palatoquadrati def: "Cartilaginous element comprising the articular process that forms the jaw joint with the posterior end of Meckel's cartilage." [ISBN:0226557626] synonym: "parpq" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004371 name: processus ascendens palatoquadrate def: "Cartilaginous element comprising the ascending process that helps anchor the larval palatoquadrate to the neurocranium." [ISBN:0226557626] synonym: "paspq" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004372 name: parachordal def: "Rod-shaped paired cartilages located on either side of the notochord and involved in the formation of the base of the chondrochranium." [TAO:0001423, XAO:EJS] synonym: "parachordal cartilage" RELATED [] synonym: "pk" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0009635 is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004373 name: processus lateralis hyalis def: "Cartilaginous element comprising the lateral process of ceratohyal cartilage derived from the hyoid neural crest stream." [PMID:21050205] synonym: "plch" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004374 name: planum hypobranchiale alt_id: XAO:0004383 def: "One of the cartilaginous elements that meet and articulate in the median plane posterior to the basibranchial." [http://amphibiatree.org/node/407] synonym: "plana hypobranchiale" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "plhb" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004375 name: planum trabeculare anticum def: "Cartilaginous element that is posterior to the cornua trabeculae." [XAO:curators] synonym: "ethmoid plate" RELATED [] synonym: "planum ethmoidale" RELATED [] synonym: "plta" EXACT [] synonym: "trabecular plate" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004376 name: processus muscularis palatoquadrati def: "Cartilaginous element comprising the muscular process, a flattened triangular process that is the site of attachment for the orbitohyoideus and suspensoriohyoideus muscles." [ISBN:0226557626] synonym: "pmpq" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004377 name: processus posterior hyalis def: "Cartilaginous element comprising the posterior process of ceratohyal cartilage derived from the hyoid neural crest stream." [PMID:21050205] synonym: "ppch" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004378 name: palatoquadrati def: "Cartilaginous element comprising the dorsal component of the mandibular arch." [UBERON:0004752] synonym: "palatoquadrate cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "pq" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004379 name: processus retroarticularis of Meckel's cartilage def: "Cartilaginous element that forms at the posteroventral tip of Meckel's cartilage." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000422] synonym: "prmc" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: part_of XAO:0003085 ! Meckel's cartilage relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004380 name: suprarostral plate def: "Cartilaginous element that comprises a crescent-shaped plate that supports the tentacular cartilage in the upper jaw." [PMID:21050205] synonym: "sp" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004381 name: trabecula cranii def: "Cartilaginous element comprising a pair of chondrification centers in the base of the embryonic cartilaginous neurocranium." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=92818] synonym: "tc" EXACT [] synonym: "trabeculae cranii" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004384 name: peripheral vegetal yolk mass def: "Peripherally located part of the vegetal cell mass of prospective endoderm." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "peripheral vegetal cell mass" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: part_of XAO:0000281 ! vegetal yolk mass relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-31T02:56:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004385 name: branchial basket alt_id: XAO:0004386 def: "Cartilaginous element that comprises the network-like cartilaginous skeleton of the gill region." [UBERON:0009119] synonym: "gill basket" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004387 name: retinal stem cell region def: "Region of the ciliary marginal zone, at the edge (most distal region) where retinal stem cells are located." [PMID:7695895] synonym: "ciliary marginal zone stem cell region" EXACT [] synonym: "CMZ stem cell region" EXACT [] synonym: "RSCR" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000086 ! ciliary marginal zone relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004388 name: retinal progenitor cell region def: "Region of the ciliary marginal zone where retinal progenitor cells are located." [PMID:7695895] synonym: "ciliary marginal zone progenitor cell region" EXACT [] synonym: "CMZ progenitor cell region" EXACT [] synonym: "RPCR" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000086 ! ciliary marginal zone relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004389 name: oculomotor motornucleus def: "Ganglion in the midbrain that gives rise to the fibers of the oculomotor nerve." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "oculomotor nucleus" RELATED [] synonym: "OM" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001715 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: develops_from XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! midbrain relationship: part_of XAO:0000027 ! cranial ganglion relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004390 name: dorsal thalamus def: "Multi-tissue structure that is the dorsal part of the thalamus and emerges ventral to the caudal portion of the ventral habenular nucleus." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000653] synonym: "DT" EXACT [] synonym: "epithalamus" RELATED [] synonym: "P2" RELATED [] synonym: "prosomere 2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004306 ! thalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004391 name: trochlear motornucleus def: "The nucleus of the trochlear nerve (cranial nerve IV)." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "TM" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! midbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004392 name: goblet cell def: "A type of mucus surface cell in the tadpole." [ISBN:080184780X] synonym: "goblet cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! skin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004393 name: mucociliary epithelium def: "Type of epithelium in the embryonic epidermis that is mucus-secreting and ciliated." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004394 name: hatching gland primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the hatching gland, present by the end of gastrulation." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004091 ! non-neural ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000024 ! NF stage 14 relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004395 name: central vegetal yolk mass def: "Centrally located part of the vegetal cell mass of prospective endoderm." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "central vegetal cell mass" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: part_of XAO:0000281 ! vegetal yolk mass relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-31T02:57:12Z [Term] id: XAO:0004396 name: apical mesenchyme def: "Regenerating tissue consisting of mesenchyme cells at the tip of the regenerating limb." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004397 name: wound epidermis def: "A layer of epidermal cells that initially covers the surface of an amputation site. Fibroblasts from the surrounding connective tissue migrate across the amputation surface to meet at the center of the wound. These fibroblasts multiply to form a blastema, which are the progenitors for the new limb." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "apical wound epidermis" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004398 name: wound epidermis inner layer def: "Regenerating tissue that forms the inner or basal layer of wound epidermis." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004397 ! wound epidermis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004399 name: wound epidermis outer layer def: "Regenerating tissue that forms the outer layer of wound epidermis." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004397 ! wound epidermis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004400 name: regenerating zeugopod skeleton def: "Tissue consisting of a cartilaginous rod or rods of a regenerating zeugopod segment of a limb." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: part_of XAO:0004311 ! regenerating limb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004401 name: apical epithelial cap def: "A layer of signaling cells at the apex of a regenerating blastema, which has a vital role in regeneration." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "AEC" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004397 ! wound epidermis relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004402 name: pseudoblastema def: "Following amputation in late prometamorphosis or in young froglets, tissue comprising fibroblast-like cells in a limb stump that aggregate beneath the wound epithelia." [ISBN:3540228713] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004403 name: fibrocellular pad def: "Regenerative tissue that develops and covers cut bone in the tadpole." [PMID:10906786] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004404 name: keratinocyte def: "The predominant cell type in the epidermis, the primary function of which is the formation of a barrier against environmental damage." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratinocyte] synonym: "keratinocytes" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003252 ! keratin accumulating cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004405 name: Leydig cell def: "A type of special epithelial cell that secretes mucus into the subsurface extracellular compartments of the epidermis." [ISBN:080184780X] synonym: "Leydig cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "Leydig gland cell" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004406 name: presumptive axial mesoderm def: "Presumptive structure that will develop into axial mesoderm." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000072 ! dorsal marginal zone relationship: develops_from XAO:0000083 ! involuted dorsal mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004407 name: proximal mesenchyme def: "Mesenchyme that occupies the proximal region of a limb bud." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 relationship: part_of XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004408 name: anterior-proximal mesenchyme def: "Mesenchyme that occupies the anterior proximal region of a limb bud." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 relationship: part_of XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004409 name: posterior-proximal mesenchyme def: "Mesenchyme that occupies the posterior proximal region of a limb bud." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 relationship: part_of XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004410 name: interdigital mesenchyme def: "Mesenchyme that occupies the interdigital region of a limb bud." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 relationship: part_of XAO:0003161 ! limb bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004411 name: lateral line primordium def: "Portion of tissue that migrates and deposits immature neuromasts and interneuromasts." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000228] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! lateral line system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-31T08:03:05Z [Term] id: XAO:0004412 name: hindlimb digit 2 def: "The 2nd most posterior of the hind digits, consisting of a single metatarsal, 2 phalanges, and a claw." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "hind digit 2" EXACT [] synonym: "pedal digit 2" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 2" EXACT [] synonym: "toe II" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003035 ! hindlimb digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004413 name: hindlimb digit 3 def: "The 3rd most posterior, or middle, of the hind digits, consisting of a single metatarsal, 3 phalanges, and a claw." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "hind digit 3" EXACT [] synonym: "pedal digit 3" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 3" EXACT [] synonym: "toe III" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003035 ! hindlimb digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004414 name: hindlimb digit 4 def: "The 2nd most anterior of the hind digits, consisting of a single metatarsal, 3 phalanges, and a claw." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "hind digit 4" EXACT [] synonym: "pedal digit 4" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 4" EXACT [] synonym: "toe IV" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003035 ! hindlimb digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004415 name: hindlimb digit 5 def: "The most anterior and longest of the hind digits, consisting of a single metatarsal, 3 phalanges, and a claw." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "hind digit 5" EXACT [] synonym: "pedal digit 5" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 5" EXACT [] synonym: "toe V" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003035 ! hindlimb digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004416 name: claw primordium def: "Portion of tissue consisting of unkeratinized cells at the most distal end of a developing digit and which will become a claw." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000069 ! NF stage 57 relationship: part_of XAO:0003035 ! hindlimb digit relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004417 name: claw of hindlimb digit 1 def: "Claw located at the end of the 1st hindlimb digit." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "claw of hind digit 1" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003103 ! claw relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004239 ! hindlimb digit 1 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004418 name: claw of hindlimb digit 2 def: "Claw located at the end of the 2nd hindlimb digit." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "claw of hind digit 2" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003103 ! claw relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004412 ! hindlimb digit 2 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004419 name: claw of hindlimb digit 3 def: "Claw located at the end of the 3rd hindlimb digit." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "claw of hind digit 3" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003103 ! claw relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004413 ! hindlimb digit 3 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004420 name: claw of hindlimb digit 4 def: "Claw located at the end of the 4th hindlimb digit." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "claw of hind digit 4" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003103 ! claw relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004414 ! hindlimb digit 4 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004421 name: claw of hindlimb digit 5 def: "Claw located at the end of the 5th hindlimb digit." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "claw of hind digit 5" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003103 ! claw relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004415 ! hindlimb digit 5 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004422 name: posterior lateral line ganglion def: "Ganglion that develops from a cranial ectodermal placode and contains sensory neurons that innervate the posterior lateral line system." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001314] synonym: "posterior lateral line ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0004457 ! lateral line ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0004223 ! posterior lateral line placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-05T05:15:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004423 name: trunk vasculature def: "The blood vessels of the trunk region." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000100 ! cardiovascular system relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! trunk relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-26T05:47:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004424 name: central retina def: "Anatomical region comprising the central part of the retina." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000009 ! retina relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-07-01T02:33:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004425 name: m. levator mandibulae longus internus primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the levator mandibulae longus internus muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlmli" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004426 name: m. levator mandibulae longus profundus primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the levator mandibulae longus profundus muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlmlp" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004427 name: m. levator mandibulae longus superior primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the levator mandibulae longus superior muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlmls" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004428 name: m. levator mandibulae articularis primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the levator mandibulae articularis muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlma" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004429 name: m. levator mandibulae externus primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the levator mandibulae externus muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlme" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004430 name: m. intermandibularis primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the intermandibularis muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mim" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004431 name: m. quadrato-hyoangularis primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the quadrato-hyoangularis muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mqh" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004432 name: m. orbitohyoideus primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the orbitohyoideus muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "moh" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004433 name: m. interhyoideus primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the interhyoideus muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mih" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004434 name: m. subarcualis rectus I primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the subarcualis rectus I muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "msr" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004435 name: m. transversus anterior primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the transversus anterior muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mta" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004436 name: m. transversus ventralis II primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the transversus ventralis II muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mtvII" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004437 name: mm. levator arcuum branchialium I primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the levator arcuum branchialium I muscles." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlabI" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004438 name: mm. levator arcuum branchialium II primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the levator arcuum branchialium II muscles." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlabII" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004439 name: mm. levator arcuum branchialium III primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the levator arcuum branchialium III muscles." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlabIII" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004440 name: mm. levator arcuum branchialium IV primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the levator arcuum branchialium IV muscles." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mlabIV" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004441 name: mm. constrictores branchiales II primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the constrictores branchiales II muscles." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mcbII" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004442 name: mm. constrictores branchiales III primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the constrictores branchiales III muscles." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mcbIII" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004443 name: mm. constrictores branchiales IV primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the constrictores branchiales IV muscles." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mcbIV" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004444 name: m. geniohyoideus primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the geniohyoideus muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mgh" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004445 name: m. rectus cervicis primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the rectus cervicis muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mrc" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004446 name: m. constrictor laryngis primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the constrictor laryngis muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004447 name: m. dilatator laryngis primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the dilatator laryngis muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004448 name: laryngeal muscle primordium def: "The presumptive cells of laryngeal muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004449 name: m. rectus anterior primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the rectus anterior muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004450 name: m. rectus posterior primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the rectus posterior muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004451 name: m. rectus inferior primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the rectus inferior muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004452 name: m. rectus superior primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the rectus superior muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004453 name: m. obliquus inferior primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the obliquus inferior muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004454 name: m. obliquus superior primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the obliquus superior muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T09:49:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004455 name: cranial muscle primordium def: "The presumptive cells of any of the cranial muscles." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000053 ! head mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 relationship: part_of XAO:0004042 ! muscular system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-30T10:00:01Z [Term] id: XAO:0004456 name: Brachet's cleft def: "A sharp boundary, running parallel to the outside of the embryo, between involuted mesoderm and external ectoderm. It runs from the blastopore to the upper limit of the involuted mesoderm." [PMID:21464931] synonym: "Brachy's cleft" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000021 ! NF stage 11 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-31T11:43:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0004457 name: lateral line ganglion def: "Ganglion that develops from a cranial ectodermal placode and contains sensory neurons that innervate a lateral line." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000120] synonym: "lateral line ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0000027 ! cranial ganglion relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000095 ! lateral line system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-05-31T08:16:22Z [Term] id: XAO:0004458 name: peripheral retina def: "Anatomical region comprising the peripheral part of the retina." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000009 ! retina relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-07-01T02:33:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004459 name: subocular cartilage def: "Cartilaginous element that is below the trabecula and parachordal." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0003205 ! chondrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-09-09T03:24:03Z [Term] id: XAO:0004460 name: choroid def: "Portion of tissue comprising the vascular layer of the eye, containing connective tissue and lying between the retina and the sclera. It provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, it forms the uveal tract." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choroid, XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: part_of XAO:0004529 ! uveal tract relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-09-09T03:31:52Z [Term] id: XAO:0004461 name: circumpharyngeal ridge def: "Site above the branchial arch complex where vagal neural crest cells temporarily arrest their migration before entering the pharyngeal arches and heart." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004191 ! vagal neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0004261 ! pharyngeal region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-09-09T03:40:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0004462 name: dorsal endoderm def: "Single cell layer of involuted endoderm lying beneath the prechordal plate." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 relationship: part_of XAO:0000094 ! gastrocoel roof plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000021 ! NF stage 11 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-09-09T03:50:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004463 name: pharyngeal endoderm def: "Embryonic endoderm that evaginates to form the paired pharyngeal pouches." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0004261 ! pharyngeal region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-09-09T04:08:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004464 name: rhombomere R1 def: "The most anterior segment of the developing hindbrain." [XAO:curators] synonym: "r1" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomere 1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004079 ! rhombomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-09-09T04:24:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0004465 name: endolymphatic duct def: "Canal that connects the membranous labyrinth of the ear with the endolymphatic sac." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/endolymphatic+duct] is_a: XAO:0004000 ! duct relationship: develops_from XAO:0000196 ! sacculus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-09-09T04:31:49Z [Term] id: XAO:0004466 name: serous membrane def: "Multi-tissue structure that comprises a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serous_membrane] synonym: "serosa" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-09-18T03:32:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004467 name: zygote cortex def: "Cell component comprising the outer layers of the zygote." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 relationship: part_of XAO:0000035 ! zygote relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-09-18T03:50:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004468 name: organ cortex def: "Multi-tissue structure that is the outermost layer of an organ." [UBERON:0001851] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2012-09-18T03:51:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0004469 name: trabecula def: "A small tissue element in the form of a beam, strut, or rod that generally has a mechanical function and is usually composed of dense cartilaginous tissue." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabecula] synonym: "trabeculae" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0004470 name: trabecula carnea def: "A type of trabecula that consists of a rounded or irregular column that projects from the inner surface of the ventricle of the heart." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabeculae_carneae] synonym: "trabeculae carneae" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0004469 ! trabecula relationship: develops_from XAO:0000065 ! myocardium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:0004471 name: atrial septum def: "Cardiac septum that separates the right atrium from the left atrium." [UBERON:0002085] is_a: XAO:0005422 ! septum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 [Term] id: XAO:0004472 name: sinus venosus def: "A large quadrangular cavity that precedes the atrium on the venous side of the heart." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinus_venosus] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0004473 name: ventral mesoderm def: "Embryonic structure that is induced by the organizer to become lateral mesoderm." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_specification] xref: UBERON:2000083 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000084 ! involuted ventral mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-03-15T20:23:49Z [Term] id: XAO:0004474 name: periotic region def: "Anatomical region that surrounds the otic vesicle." [XAO:curators] synonym: "periotic mesenchyme" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 relationship: part_of XAO:0000040 ! head region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-03-17T11:59:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004475 name: myocyte def: "A mature contractile cell, which has as part of its cytoplasm myofibrils organized in various patterns. Found in muscle tissue, myocytes are long, tubular cells that arise developmentally from myoblasts to form muscle. There are specialized forms: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle myocytes, with various properties." [CL:0000187, XAO:curators] synonym: "muscle cell" RELATED [] synonym: "muscle cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "muscle fiber" RELATED [] synonym: "myocytes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000187 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0003015 ! myoblast relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-03-17T12:20:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0004476 name: skeletal myocyte def: "A myocyte of the skeletal muscle." [XAO:curators] synonym: "skeletal muscle cell" RELATED [] synonym: "skeletal muscle cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "skeletal myocytes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000188 is_a: XAO:0004475 ! myocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000174 ! skeletal muscle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-03-17T12:44:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004477 name: smooth muscle myocyte def: "A myocyte of the smooth muscle." [XAO:curators] synonym: "smooth muscle cell" RELATED [] synonym: "smooth muscle cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "smooth muscle myocytes" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000192 is_a: XAO:0004475 ! myocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000175 ! smooth muscle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-03-17T12:44:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004478 name: forelimb digit 2 def: "The most posterior digit of a forelimb, consisting of a single metatarsal, 3 phalanges, and a claw." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "fore digit 2" EXACT [] synonym: "manual digit 2" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003036 ! forelimb digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-03-17T13:50:37Z [Term] id: XAO:0004479 name: forelimb digit 3 def: "The second most posterior digit of a forelimb, consisting of a single metatarsal, 3 phalanges, and a claw." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "fore digit 3" EXACT [] synonym: "manual digit 3" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003036 ! forelimb digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-03-17T13:50:40Z [Term] id: XAO:0004480 name: forelimb digit 4 def: "The second most anterior digit of a forelimb, consisting of a single metatarsal, 3 phalanges, and a claw." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "fore digit 4" EXACT [] synonym: "manual digit 4" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003036 ! forelimb digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-03-17T13:50:49Z [Term] id: XAO:0004481 name: forelimb digit 5 def: "The most anterior digit of a forelimb, consisting of a single metatarsal, 2 phalanges, and a claw." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "fore digit 5" EXACT [] synonym: "manual digit 5" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003036 ! forelimb digit relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-03-17T13:50:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0004482 name: epicardial precursor cell def: "Neural crest-derived cell type that gives rise to the epicardium." [XAO:curators] synonym: "epicardial precursor cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "pro-epicardial organ" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: part_of XAO:0005062 ! proepicardium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T12:31:30Z [Term] id: XAO:0004483 name: retinal stem cell def: "Cell that is present in the stem cell region of the retinal ciliary marginal zone." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "retinal stem cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0003054 ! stem cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004387 ! retinal stem cell region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T12:52:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004484 name: retinal progenitor cell def: "Cell that is present in the progenitor cell region of the retinal ciliary marginal zone." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "retinal progenitor cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0005033 ! progenitor cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004388 ! retinal progenitor cell region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T12:57:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004485 name: neuroendocrine cell def: "An endocrine cell that has the specialized function to produce and secrete hormones in response to neuronal signals." [CL:0000165] synonym: "neuroendocrine cells" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0000165 is_a: XAO:0003247 ! endocrine cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T13:03:39Z [Term] id: XAO:0004486 name: organ part def: "Anatomical structure that has as its direct parts two or more types of tissue and is continuous with one or more anatomical structures likewise constituted by two or more portions of tissues distinct from those of their complement." [UBERON:0000064] xref: UBERON:0000064 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T13:51:44Z [Term] id: XAO:0004487 name: epiphysis def: "Organ part consisting of the rounded end of a long bone (at its joint with adjacent bone), which in Xenopus are the tibia-fibula and femur of the hindlimb, and the radio-ulna and humerus of the forelimb." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0004486 ! organ part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003209 ! radio-ulna relationship: part_of XAO:0003210 ! humerus relationship: part_of XAO:0003213 ! tibia-fibula relationship: part_of XAO:0003214 ! femur relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T13:54:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0004488 name: diaphysis def: "Organ part consisting of the main section or midsection of a long bone, which in Xenopus are the tibia-fibula and femur of the hindlimb, and the radio-ulna and humerus of the forelimb." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0004486 ! organ part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003209 ! radio-ulna relationship: part_of XAO:0003210 ! humerus relationship: part_of XAO:0003213 ! tibia-fibula relationship: part_of XAO:0003214 ! femur relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T14:00:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0004489 name: spike def: "A cone-shaped hypomorphic structure consisting of a single continuous cartilage, typical of a regenerated forelimb or hindlimb when amputated after a specific developmental stage." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004311 ! regenerating limb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T14:06:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004490 name: forelimb bud tip def: "The apical region of a developing forelimb bud which will form the autopod segment of the forelimb." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "presumptive forelimb autopodium" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0003065 ! forelimb bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T15:11:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0004491 name: hindlimb bud tip def: "The apical region of a developing hindlimb bud which will form the autopod segment of the hindlimb." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "presumptive hindlimb autopodium" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0003066 ! hindlimb bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T15:23:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0004492 name: cleavage furrow def: "The physical groove that forms between cells at the first cell division. One-celled oocytes (NF stage 1) undergo cytoplasmic reorganization driven by sperm entry in the animal pole, where the cleavage furrow initiates, and it moves circumferentially along a line of longitude as well as progressing inwards through the cytoplasm, ultimately dividing the fertilized oocyte into two cells of equal size, defining NF stage 2." [PMID:11891298, PMID:16371595, XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T15:39:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0004493 name: pelvic girdle primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the pelvic girdle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000065 ! NF stage 53 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T18:41:04Z [Term] id: XAO:0004494 name: iliac process def: "A prominent, slender, rod-like projection of the iliac bone located close to the acetabiulum and directed posteriorly." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0004020 ! process relationship: develops_from XAO:0004495 ! iliac process primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004496 ! ilium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T18:45:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0004495 name: iliac process primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the iliac process." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000065 ! NF stage 53 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000065 ! NF stage 53 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T18:49:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0004496 name: ilium def: "Either of the paired bones that are the dorsal-most and largest bones of the pelvic girdle. They begin to connect to the sacral vertebra (9th vertebra) at NF stage 59." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "ilia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "iliac bone" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003064 ! pelvic girdle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T18:56:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0004497 name: ischium def: "Any of the posterior and smaller bones of the pelvic girdle. The ischia appear at NF stage 53, grow toward each other at NF stage 55, fusing and beginning to ossify by NF stage 58/59." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "ischia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003064 ! pelvic girdle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T19:03:50Z [Term] id: XAO:0004498 name: pubis def: "The ventral and anterior of the three principal bones composing the pelvic girdle. The pubes fuse with the ilia at NF stage 53, and touch each other at NF stage 62. Full contact of the medial surfaces occurs at NF stage 63 when ossification also begins. Ossification continues through metamorphosis." [PMID:15679868, XAO:CJZ] synonym: "pubes" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003064 ! pelvic girdle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000065 ! NF stage 53 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T19:18:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0004499 name: postsacral vertebra def: "Vertebra posterior to the sacral vertebra. The 4 postsacral vertebrae fuse and ossify (NF stage 66) to form the urostyle." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "postsacral vertebrae" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0004019 ! vertebra relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T19:27:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004500 name: rib def: "Any of the bony lateral projections from the presacral veterebrae of the anterior trunk region, enabling the lungs to expand and thus facilitate breathing by expanding the chest cavity. They serve to protect the lungs, heart, and other internal organs of the thorax." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rib] synonym: "ribs" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "vertebral rib" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004020 ! process relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004019 ! vertebra relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T19:32:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0004501 name: apoptotic cell def: "A cell that is in the process of programmed cell death. The process is characterized by morphological changes (e.g. blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and chromosomal DNA fragmentation) ending in cell death." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apoptosis] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T19:46:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0004502 name: mitotic cell def: "A cell that is in the process of replication, and is idenitifable by chromosomal replication." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T19:50:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0004503 name: periosteum def: "A membrane that lines the outer surface of all bones, except at the joints of long bones. It consists of dense irregular connective tissue, and is divided into an outer fibrous layer and inner osteogenic layer. The fibrous layer contains fibroblasts, while the osteogenic layer contains progenitor cells that develop into osteoblasts, which are essential to the healing process." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periosteum] is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004049 ! perichondrium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000169 ! bone tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T19:57:52Z [Term] id: XAO:0004504 name: periosteum (sensu fibrous layer) def: "The outer layer of the periosteum, containing acellular connective tissue and fibroblasts." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periosteum] is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004049 ! perichondrium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004503 ! periosteum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T20:03:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0004505 name: periosteum (sensu osteogenic layer) def: "The inner layer of the periosteum, containing osteoblasts." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periosteum] is_a: XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004049 ! perichondrium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004503 ! periosteum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T20:03:49Z [Term] id: XAO:0004506 name: interdigital webbing def: "The tissue or tissues between the digits of the forelimb and the hindlimb." [XAO:curators] synonym: "webbing" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004265 ! autopod relationship: part_of XAO:0004316 ! interdigital region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T20:14:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004507 name: osteoblast def: "Skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell." [CL:0000062] synonym: "bone cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000062 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004035 ! osteoid relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T20:18:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0004508 name: mandibular mesenchyme def: "Mesenchyme that is part of a mandibular component." [UBERON:0009584] is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004279 ! cranial skeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T22:47:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0004509 name: dorsal lateral plate mesoderm def: "Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the body wall lining and dermis." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_plate_mesoderm] synonym: "DLPM" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000311 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T23:01:12Z [Term] id: XAO:0004510 name: melanoblast def: "Type of precursor cell from which melanophores develop." [XAO:CJZ] xref: CL:0000541 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T23:08:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0004511 name: hindgut primordium def: "The endoderm cells that are fated to become the hindgut." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000295 ! central endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000026 ! NF stage 16 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T23:24:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0004512 name: midgut primordium def: "The endoderm cells that are fated to become the midgut." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000295 ! central endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000026 ! NF stage 16 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T23:31:07Z [Term] id: XAO:0004513 name: foregut endoderm def: "The endoderm cells that are fated to become the foregut." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "foregut primordium" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000295 ! central endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000024 ! NF stage 14 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T23:32:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0004514 name: anterior tectum def: "The anterior part of the optic tectum." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "pre-tectum" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003226 ! optic tectum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T23:41:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0004515 name: posterior tectum def: "The posterior part of the optic tectum." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "pre-tectum" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003226 ! optic tectum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T23:43:45Z [Term] id: XAO:0004516 name: blastocoel floor def: "The upper surface of the vegetal yolk mass which forms the floor for the blastocoel (cavity) of the early gastrula embryo." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 relationship: part_of XAO:0000294 ! blastocoel relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-10T23:45:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0004517 name: ciliated non-epidermal cell def: "A ciliated cell that is not part of the epidermis." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0005017 ! ciliated cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-11T11:36:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0004518 name: proximal tubule def: "The proximal segment of the pronephric tubule, closest to the glomus and functioning in solute resorption and waste excretion." [PMID:15223337] synonym: "pronephric nephron" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0004105 ! pronephric tubule relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-26T14:20:27Z [Term] id: XAO:0004519 name: distal tubule def: "The distal segment of the pronephric tubule, functioning in water resorption, with urine passing through it into the pronephric duct." [PMID:15223337] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0004105 ! pronephric tubule relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-26T14:34:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0004520 name: proximal tubule branch def: "A distal stem cell region of the proximal tubule. There are 3 branches, with anteriodorsal, anterioventral, and posterior positions. These are sometimes referred to as proximal tubule segment 1 or PT1." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "proximal tubule segment 1" RELATED [] synonym: "PT1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: part_of XAO:0004518 ! proximal tubule relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-26T14:48:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0004521 name: coelom def: "A fluid-filled cavity formed within the mesoderm of the embryo." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coelom] synonym: "body cavity" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! trunk relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-04-26T15:36:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0004522 name: premigratory neural crest cell def: "Cell that is part of the neural crest region of the neuroepithelium, prior to migration." [CL:0007004] synonym: "premigratory neural crest cells" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0007004 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 relationship: part_of XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-05-27T16:31:38Z [Term] id: XAO:0004523 name: enteric neuron def: "Any of the neurons specific to the gastrointestinal system. Enteric neurons are embedded the lining of the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines and the cloaca." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteric_nervous_system] xref: CL:0007011 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: develops_from XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000104 ! hindgut relationship: part_of XAO:0000130 ! small intestine relationship: part_of XAO:0000131 ! large intestine relationship: part_of XAO:0000244 ! cloaca relationship: part_of XAO:0005195 ! enteric nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-05-27T16:58:52Z [Term] id: XAO:0004524 name: pharyngeal mesenchyme def: "The undifferentiated, loose connective tissue of the pharyngeal region, that is derived mostly from mesoderm, and also contains ectodermally derived neural crest cells." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0003046 ! mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004261 ! pharyngeal region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0004525 name: medium cavity def: "Water-filled cavity in the adult frog that is apposed to an olfactory epithelium for detection of aqueous odorants." [XAO:KAB] is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! olfactory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 [Term] id: XAO:0004526 name: principal cavity def: "Air-filled cavity in the adult frog apposed to an olfactory epithelium for detection of airborne odorants." [XAO:KAB] is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! olfactory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 [Term] id: XAO:0004527 name: olfactory sensory neuron def: "Sensory neuron responsible for detection of odorants." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "olfactory receptor neuron" EXACT [] synonym: "ORN" EXACT [] synonym: "OSN" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005024 ! olfactory epithelium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:0004528 name: tail somite 18 def: "The 16th somite located posterior to the head. This somite is resorbed at metamorphosis." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "somite 18" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk somite 18" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003143 ! tail somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0004529 name: uveal tract def: "Portion of tissue in an eye consisting of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid." [UBERON:0001768] synonym: "uvea" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001768 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 [Term] id: XAO:0004530 name: accessory olfactory bulb def: "The forebrain region that coordinates sensory signaling arising from the vomeronasal organ; it is located on the dorsal-posterior portion of the main olfactory bulb, and the axons that leave the accessory olfactory bulb project to targets in the amygdala and hypothalamus." [UBERON:0004069] synonym: "anterior olfactory bulb" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004069 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004180 ! olfactory bulb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0004531 name: amygdala def: "An almond-shaped set of neurons in the medial temporal lobe of the brain that is involved in the linkage of environmental information with social behavior and action selection." [GO:0021764, PMID:24005304] synonym: "Amyg" EXACT [] synonym: "corpus amygdaloideum" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001876 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: develops_from XAO:0004258 ! subpallium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004563 ! lateral pallium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004594 ! ventral pallium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004539 ! basal forebrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004532 name: anterior amygdala def: "A nucleus comprising the anterior aspect of the amygdala, adjacent to the basal forebrain, and involved in receiving olfactory information." [ISBN:0123815339] xref: UBERON:0002890 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004531 ! amygdala relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004533 name: anterior commissure def: "A forebrain white matter structure consisting of a large fiber bundle, connecting the two cerebral hemispheres across the middle line." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "AC" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000935 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000012 ! telencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004534 name: anterior entopeduncular nucleus def: "Nucleus situated in the pallidum that provides auditory input to the torus semicircularis." [PMID:11536185] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004578 ! pallidum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004535 name: ventral funiculus def: "Region of spinal cord white matter lying on either side between the ventral median fissure and the ventral roots of the spinal nerves." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ventral+funiculus] synonym: "anterior funiculus" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002180 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! spinal cord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004536 name: anterior thalamic nucleus def: "Nucleus situated in the thalamus that is associated with the limbic system and is implicated in learning and episodic memory." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_nuclei_of_thalamus] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004306 ! thalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004537 name: anterodorsal tegmental nucleus def: "Nucleus located anterodorsally in the midbrain tegmentum." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004271 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004538 name: anteroventral tegmental nucleus def: "Nucleus located anteroventrally in the midbrain tegmentum." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004271 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004539 name: basal forebrain def: "A group of structures that lie in the ventralmost parts of the forebrain and are formed by the derivatives of the subpallium." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "ventral telencephalon" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002743 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004258 ! subpallium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000012 ! telencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004540 name: basal ganglion def: "Composite structure derived principally from the subpallium and containing numerous ganglia of the ventral telencephalon." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "basal ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "basal ganglia nuclei" RELATED [] synonym: "basal nuclei" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0010011 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: develops_from XAO:0004258 ! subpallium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004539 ! basal forebrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004541 name: bed nucleus of the stria terminalis def: "A brain structure in the forebrain wrapped around the stria terminalis. Its largest extent can be found around the crossing of the anterior commissure." [UBERON:0001880] synonym: "bed nucleus striae terminalis" EXACT [] synonym: "BST" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001880 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004539 ! basal forebrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000061 ! NF stage 49 [Term] id: XAO:0004542 name: central amygdala def: "A nucleus comprising the central aspect of the amygdala, identified as a target for ascending auditory information from the central thalamic nucleus and as a major afferent to the vocal pattern generator of the hindbrain." [PMID:24005304] synonym: "CeA" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002883 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004531 ! amygdala relationship: part_of XAO:0004587 ! striatum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004543 name: central canal def: "Spinal cord structure that is part of the ventricular system and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid and runs the length of the spinal cord." [UBERON:0002291] xref: UBERON:0002291 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! spinal cord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004544 name: central nucleus of the thalamus def: "Nucleus that is located centrally in the thalamus." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004306 ! thalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004545 name: dorsal column nucleus def: "A nucleus that is situated in the brainstem." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_column_nuclei] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003100 ! medulla oblongata relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004546 name: dorsal habenular nucleus def: "Cell mass in the caudal and dorsal aspect of the dorsal thalamus adjoining the pineal gland." [XAO:KAB] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004556 ! habenula relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0004547 name: dorsal pallidum def: "The predominant portion of the globus pallidus in the striatopallidal system, which is defined by connectivity and neurochemical staining. It is distinguished from the ventral pallidum by a boundary that is partially defined by the anterior commissure." [UBERON:0006516] xref: UBERON:0006516 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004578 ! pallidum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004548 name: dorsal pallium def: "Subdivision of thepallium that is located dorsally." [UBERON:0014740] synonym: "isocortex" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0014740 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004302 ! pallium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004549 name: dorsal septum def: "A set of septal nuclei comprising the dorsal aspect of the forebrain septum." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "Sd" EXACT [] synonym: "septum dorsalis" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005422 ! septum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004585 ! telencephalon septum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004551 name: external plexiform layer of the olfactory bulb def: "Cytoarchitectural part of the olfactory bulb, lying superior to the mitral cell layer and inferior to the glomerular layer. The EPL is mostly neuropil composed almost entirely of mitral and tulfted cell dendrites and granule cell dendrites and their synaptic inputs." [UBERON:0005376] xref: UBERON:0005376 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004180 ! olfactory bulb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0004552 name: glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb def: "Superficial layer of the olfactory bulb, composed of spherical glomeruli, where input from olfactory receptor neurons is first organized and processed." [PMID:16765614] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004180 ! olfactory bulb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0004553 name: granule cell def: "Type of neuron characterized by having very small cell bodies. These cells are found within the granular layers of the cerebellum and the olfactory bulb." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granule_cell] xref: CL:0000120 is_a: XAO:0004267 ! interneuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004554 ! granule cell layer of the cerebellum relationship: part_of XAO:0004555 ! granule cell layer of the olfactory bulb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004554 name: granule cell layer of the cerebellum def: "The innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex, containing densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells." [UBERON:0002956] xref: UBERON:0002956 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003098 ! cerebellum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004555 name: granule cell layer of the olfactory bulb def: "A layer of the olfactory bulb interior to the mitral cell layer, consisting of inhibitory interneurons." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "internal granular layer" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0005378 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004180 ! olfactory bulb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0004556 name: habenula def: "Region of the thalamus adjoining the pineal gland." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "Hb" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001904 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004390 ! dorsal thalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0004557 name: isthmic nucleus def: "Nucleus that is a prominant part of the visual system, receiving input from the ipsilateral tectum and sending output to both tecta." [PMID:3497362] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000016 ! midbrain-hindbrain boundary relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004558 name: lateral amygdala def: "A nucleus comprising the lateral aspect of the amygdala, implicated in fear conditioning." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amygdala] synonym: "LA" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002886 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004531 ! amygdala relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004559 name: lateral forebrain bundle def: "A fiber system that is formed by pallial and subpallial components that join in the caudal telencephalon. It proceeds caudally, piercing the optic tract, to the ventral part of the hypothalamus." [ISBN:3540560130] synonym: "LFB" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:2007012 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000011 ! forebrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004560 name: lateral funiculus def: "Region of spinal cord white matter that is both ventral to the dorsal root and dorsal to the ventral root." [XAO:KAB] xref: UBERON:0002179 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! spinal cord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004562 name: lateral hypothalamic nucleus def: "Diencephalic nucleus that is the lateral part of the ventral hypothalamic zone." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000227] xref: UBERON:0001937 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004070 ! hypothalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004563 name: lateral pallium def: "Subdivision of the pallium that is located laterally." [UBERON:0014741] synonym: "olfactory cortex" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0014741 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004302 ! pallium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004564 name: lateral septum def: "A set of septal nuclei comprising the lateral aspect of the forebrain septum." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "septum lateralis" EXACT [] synonym: "Sl" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005422 ! septum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004585 ! telencephalon septum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004565 name: laterodorsal tegmental nucleus def: "A nucleus situated in the brainstem, spanning the midbrain tegmentum and the pontine tegmentum." [UBERON:0002267] xref: UBERON:0002267 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004271 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004566 name: locus coeruleus def: "Nucleus within the brainstem that is the principal site for brain synthesis of norepinephrine." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "locus caeruleus" EXACT [] synonym: "locus ceruleus" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002148 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! hindbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004567 name: magnocellular preoptic nucleus def: "A nucleus situated in the preoptic area that contains large neurosecretory neurons." [ISBN:0080877982, ISBN:3540560130] xref: UBERON:2000248 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004583 ! preoptic area relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0004568 name: medial amygdala def: "A nucleus comprising the medial aspect of the amygdala, involved in receiving olfactory information." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amygdala] synonym: "MeA" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002892 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004531 ! amygdala relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004570 name: medial pallium def: "Subdivision of the pallium that is located in the medial position." [UBERON:0014738] synonym: "hippocampus" RELATED [] synonym: "MP" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0014738 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004302 ! pallium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004571 name: medial septum def: "A set of septal nuclei comprising the medial aspect of the forebrain septum." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "septum medialis" EXACT [] synonym: "Sm" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005422 ! septum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004585 ! telencephalon septum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004573 name: mitral cell def: "Large glutaminergic nerve cell whose dendrites synapse with axons of the olfactory receptor neurons in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, and whose axons pass centrally in the olfactory tract to the olfactory cortex." [MP:0009954] xref: CL:1001502 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004574 ! mitral cell layer of the olfactory bulb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0004574 name: mitral cell layer of the olfactory bulb def: "Layer composed of pyramidal neurons whose cell bodies are located between the granule cell layer and the plexiform layer." [UBERON:0004186] xref: UBERON:0004186 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004180 ! olfactory bulb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0004575 name: nucleus accumbens def: "A region of the brain consisting of a collection of neurons located in the forebrain ventral to the caudate and putamen." [UBERON:0001882] synonym: "Acc" EXACT [] synonym: "accumbens nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus accumbens septi" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001882 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004587 ! striatum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000065 ! NF stage 53 [Term] id: XAO:0004576 name: nucleus of the diagonal band def: "A brain structure that is part of the septal nuclear complex and is connected with the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and amygdala." [UBERON:0001879] synonym: "diagonal band" RELATED [] synonym: "diagonal band of Broca" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001879 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: develops_from XAO:0004258 ! subpallium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004539 ! basal forebrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004578 name: pallidum def: "Major component of the basal ganglia that is part of the telencephalon and has close functional ties with the subthalamus." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globus_pallidus] synonym: "globus pallidus" EXACT [] synonym: "Pa" EXACT [] synonym: "paleostriatum" RELATED [] synonym: "pallidal nuclei" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001875 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: develops_from XAO:0004259 ! medial ganglionic eminence relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004540 ! basal ganglion relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004579 name: posterior commissure def: "Diencephalic tract that is located in the vicinity of the dorsal diencephalon and mesencephalon and connects the pretectal nuclei." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000320] xref: UBERON:0000936 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! midbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004580 name: dorsal funiculus def: "Region of spinal cord white matter that is dorsal and medial to the dorsal root." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "posterior funiculus" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002258 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! spinal cord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004581 name: posterodorsal tegmental nucleus def: "Nucleus located posterodorsally in the midbrain tegmentum." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004271 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004582 name: posteroventral tegmental nucleus def: "Nucleus located posteroventrally in the midbrain tegmentum." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004271 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004583 name: preoptic area def: "Area of the forebrain anterior to the posterior tuberculum and the hypothalamus and ventral to the ventral thalamus." [UBERON:0001928] synonym: "anterior preoptic area" RELATED [] synonym: "PO" EXACT [] synonym: "preoptic nuclei" RELATED [] synonym: "preoptic region" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0001928 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004230 ! anterior hypothalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0004584 name: raphe nucleus def: "A cluster of nuclei found in the brain stem, the main function of which is to release serotonin to the rest of the brain." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphe_nuclei] xref: UBERON:0004684 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003100 ! medulla oblongata relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004585 name: telencephalon septum def: "Gray matter structure located on the midline of the forebrain consisting of the septum pellucidum and the septal nuclei." [UBERON:0000446] synonym: "Se" RELATED [] synonym: "septum" BROAD [] synonym: "septum of telencephalon" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000446 is_a: XAO:0005422 ! septum relationship: develops_from XAO:0004258 ! subpallium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004539 ! basal forebrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004586 name: solitary tract def: "A compact fiber bundle that extends longitudinally through the posterolateral region of the medulla and is surrounded by the nucleus of the solitary tract, and descends to the upper cervical segments of the spinal cord." [UBERON:0002718] xref: UBERON:0002718 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of XAO:0005048 ! nucleus of the solitary tract relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004587 name: striatum def: "A region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati." [UBERON:0002435] synonym: "neostriatum" RELATED [] synonym: "Str" EXACT [] synonym: "striatal nuclei" RELATED [] synonym: "striate nucleus" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002435 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: develops_from XAO:0004237 ! lateral ganglionic eminence relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004540 ! basal ganglion relationship: start_stage XAO:1000065 ! NF stage 53 [Term] id: XAO:0004588 name: subcommissural organ def: "A small ependymal gland of the circumventricular system, located in the dorsocaudal region of the third ventricle." [XAO:KAB] xref: UBERON:0002139 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004303 ! pretectum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004589 name: subthalamic nucleus def: "The lens-shaped nucleus located in the ventral part of the subthalamus on the inner aspect of the internal capsule that is concerned with the integration of somatic motor function." [UBERON:0001906] xref: UBERON:0001906 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004304 ! prethalamus relationship: part_of XAO:0004540 ! basal ganglion relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004590 name: torus semicircularis def: "Multi-tissue structure that is part of the midbrain and develops from the alar plate. It is located dorsal to the lateral tegmentum where it extends into the medial tectal ventricle and receives ascending sensory octavolateralis input." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0000599] xref: UBERON:2000599 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000014 ! midbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004591 name: ventral habenular nucleus def: "Cell mass in the caudal and ventral aspect of the dorsal thalamus adjoining the pineal gland." [XAO:KAB] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004556 ! habenula relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0004592 name: ventral hypothalamic nucleus def: "Nucleus that is located ventrally in the hypothalamus." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004070 ! hypothalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004593 name: ventral pallidum def: "Part of the globus pallidus consisting of the more medial of the two segments." [UBERON:0002778] xref: UBERON:0002778 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004578 ! pallidum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004594 name: ventral pallium def: "The pallial region located next to the pallium-subpallium boundary." [UBERON:0014913] xref: UBERON:0014913 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004302 ! pallium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004595 name: ventrolateral thalamic nucleus def: "Nucleus situated in the thalamus that receives inputs from the basal nuclei and the function of which is to help coordinate and plan movement." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral_lateral_nucleus] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004306 ! thalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004596 name: ventromedial thalamic nucleus def: "Nucleus situated in the thalamus to which somatosensory input is predominantly directed." [ISBN:3540560130] xref: UBERON:2000459 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004306 ! thalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004597 name: neuromere def: "A metameric segment of the central nervous system." [XAO:EJS, ZFA:0001328] xref: UBERON:0004731 is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! central nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004598 name: prosomere def: "A neuromere that is part of the presumptive forebrain." [UBERON:0014775] xref: UBERON:0014775 is_a: XAO:0004597 ! neuromere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000011 ! forebrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004599 name: prosomere 4 def: "The 4th segment of the developing forebrain." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004598 ! prosomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004600 name: prosomere 5 def: "The 5th segment of the developing forebrain." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004598 ! prosomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000012 ! telencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004601 name: prosomere 6 def: "The 6th segment of the developing forebrain." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004598 ! prosomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000012 ! telencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004602 name: brain ventricle def: "One of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain cerebral-spinal fluid. The system comprises four ventricles, the right and left lateral ventricles (one for each hemisphere), third ventricle, and fourth ventricle." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_system, UBERON:0004086] synonym: "ventricle" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0004086 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004605 name: mammilary region def: "A protrusion at the posterior end of the hypothalamus that contains hypothalamic nuclei." [UBERON:0002206] synonym: "corpus mamillare" EXACT [] synonym: "MA" EXACT [] synonym: "mammillar area" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002206 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004236 ! posterior hypothalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004606 name: tuberal region def: "Structure that lies rostral to the area of the tegmentum and that is a site of dopamine-containing cells." [ISBN:0471733830] synonym: "caudal tuberculum" RELATED [] synonym: "posterior tuberculum" RELATED [] synonym: "Tub" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:2000633 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004236 ! posterior hypothalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0004607 name: lateral ventricle def: "Either of the two brain ventricles that are bilateral (left and right, one for each hemisphere)." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004602 ! brain ventricle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004608 name: third ventricle def: "Brain ventricle formed by a median cleft in the diencephalon between the two thalami." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_ventricle] synonym: "3rd ventricle" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002286 is_a: XAO:0004602 ! brain ventricle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000013 ! diencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004609 name: neural nucleus def: "A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections, and including nearby cells that share the same cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections." [UBERON:0000125] synonym: "nucleus" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0000125 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000215 ! central nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004610 name: left ventricle def: "The lateral ventricle that is located in the left hemisphere of the brain." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004607 ! lateral ventricle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004611 name: right ventricle def: "The lateral ventricle that is located in the right hemisphere of the brain." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004607 ! lateral ventricle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0004612 name: secretory epithelial cell def: "Type of epithelial cell that secretes a macromolecule or ion product. In many epithelia, occasional specialized secretory cells are scattered among other, non-secretory cells." [ISBN:0323036635] synonym: "scattered secretory epithelial cell" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0004613 name: non-cililated epidermal cell def: "Epidermal cell that lacks cilia." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "non-ciliated epidermal cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0004621 ! epidermal cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0004614 name: ciliary axoneme def: "The bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia and is responsible for their movements." [GO:0005930] synonym: "axoneme" EXACT [] xref: GO:0005930 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005008 ! cilium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0004615 name: basal body def: "A membrane-tethered, short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a cilium that is similar in structure to a centriole and derives from it. The cilium basal body is the site of assembly and remodelling of the cilium and serves as a nucleation site for axoneme growth." [GO:0005932] synonym: "ciliary basal body" RELATED [] xref: GO:0005932 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:0004616 name: ventrolateral neural tube def: "The ventrolateral regions of the neural tube, above to the floor plate region and encompassing structurally distinct interneurons (in lateral positions) and the more ventral motor neurons." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "ventricular zone" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0003204 ! neural tube relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0004617 name: dorsolateral neural tube def: "The dorsolateral regions of the neural tube, ventral to the roof plate region and encompassing structurally distinct sensory neurons (more dorsally) and interneurons (in lateral positions)." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0003204 ! neural tube relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0004618 name: rostral presomitic mesoderm def: "The region of presomitic mesoderm that lays immediately adjacent and posterior to the last formed somite." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000057 ! presomitic mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0004619 name: caudal presomitic mesoderm def: "The most posterior region of presomitic mesoderm where somitomeres have yet to be fated." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000057 ! presomitic mesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0004620 name: neurogenic placode def: "Cranial placode with neurogenic potential." [UBERON:0009955] xref: UBERON:0009955 is_a: XAO:0000305 ! cranial placode relationship: develops_from XAO:0004092 ! preplacodal ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0004621 name: epidermal cell def: "An epithelial cell that is part of the epidermis." [XAO:EJS] xref: CL:1000396 is_a: XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0004622 name: myotome of tail somite 18 def: "Compartment of tail somite 18 that is a precursor of muscle." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "myotome of trunk somite 18" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0004528 ! tail somite 18 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0004623 name: sclerotome of tail somite 18 def: "Compartment of tail somite 18 that is a precursor of the axial skeleton." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sclerotome of somite 18" EXACT [] synonym: "sclerotome of trunk somite 18" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from XAO:0004528 ! tail somite 18 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:0004624 name: fin vasculature def: "Blood vessel that is part of the fin." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0004625 name: dorsal fin vasculature def: "Blood vessel that is part of the dorsal fin." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004063 ! dorsal fin relationship: part_of XAO:0004624 ! fin vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0004626 name: ventral fin vasculature def: "Blood vessel that is part of the ventral fin." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004624 ! fin vasculature relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0004627 name: ventral blood island border def: "Blood vessel that is part of the ventral blood island." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "vbib" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0001011 ! blood vessel relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 relationship: part_of XAO:0000067 ! ventral blood island relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0004628 name: posterior ventral blood island def: "The erythroid-forming compartment of the ventral blood island." [PMID:18594023] synonym: "pvbi" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004473 ! ventral mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000067 ! ventral blood island relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0005000 name: matrix-based tissue def: "A tissue whose predominant feature is extracellular matrix that may or may not be highly hydrated or calcified." [UBERON:0007475] xref: UBERON:0007475 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-04-15T18:09:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0005001 name: acellular bone tissue def: "Mineralized bone tissue that has terminally differentiated osteoblasts but lacks osteocytes." [UBERON:4000122] xref: UBERON:4000122 is_a: XAO:0004040 ! mineralized bone tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-04-20T17:49:35Z [Term] id: XAO:0005002 name: multicellular anatomical structure def: "An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part." [CARO:0010000] synonym: "multicellular structure" EXACT [] xref: CARO:0010000 xref: UBERON:0010000 is_a: XAO:0003000 ! anatomical structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: start_stage XAO:1000011 ! NF stage 2 (2-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-12T17:50:30Z [Term] id: XAO:0005003 name: larval intestinal epithelium def: "Epithelium that covers the small and large intestine in the larval frog." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_epithelium, XAO:EJS] synonym: "larval gut epithelium" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003200 ! gut epithelium is_a: XAO:0004008 ! simple columnar epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000010 ! juvenile frog stage relationship: part_of XAO:0000129 ! intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:36:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0005004 name: adult intestinal epithelium def: "Epithelium that covers the small and large intestine in the adult frog." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_epithelium, XAO:EJS] synonym: "adult gut epithelium" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003200 ! gut epithelium is_a: XAO:0004008 ! simple columnar epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0005236 ! intestinal stem cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000129 ! intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000093 ! adult frog stage created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:38:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0005005 name: left def: "Spatial concept pertaining to being located on or directed toward the side of the body to the west when facing north." [NCIt:Left] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:39:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0005006 name: right def: "Spatial concept pertaining to being located on or directed toward the side of the body to the east when facing north." [NCIt:Right] subset: anatomical_site_slim is_a: XAO:0003185 ! anatomical direction created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:41:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0005007 name: Muller cell def: "Astrocyte-like radial glial cell that extends vertically throughout the retina, with the nucleus usually in the middle of the inner nuclear layer." [CL:0011107] synonym: "Muller glia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: CL:0011107 is_a: XAO:0004308 ! glial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000009 ! retina relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:43:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0005008 name: cilium def: "Specialized protrusion of a cell composed of microtubules and serving a role in intercellular signaling." [XAO:KAB] synonym: "cilia" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: GO:0005929 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005017 ! ciliated cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:45:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0005009 name: mitotic spindle def: "Array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart." [GO:0005819] synonym: "spindle" EXACT [] xref: GO:0005819 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:48:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0005010 name: growth cone def: "Migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon or dendrite." [GO:0030426] xref: GO:0030426 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: part_of XAO:0005317 ! neuron projection relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:50:17Z [Term] id: XAO:0005011 name: centriole def: "A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle." [GO:0005814] xref: GO:0005814 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005014 ! centrosome relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:51:38Z [Term] id: XAO:0005012 name: kinetochore def: "A multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules." [GO:0000776] xref: GO:0000776 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:53:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0005013 name: centromere def: "The region of a chromosome that is attached to the spindle during nuclear division. It is defined genetically as the region of the chromosome that always segregates at the first division of meiosis; the region of the chromosome in which no crossing over occurs. At the start of M phase, each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids with a constriction at a point which forms the centromere. During late prophase two kinetochores assemble on each centromere, one kinetochore on each sister chromatid." [ISBN:0198506732] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:55:01Z [Term] id: XAO:0005014 name: centrosome def: "A structure comprising a core structure and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many cells, though it changes continually during the cell-division cycle." [GO:0005813] xref: GO:0005813 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T17:56:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0005015 name: axon def: "The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter." [GO:0030424] xref: GO:0030424 is_a: XAO:0005317 ! neuron projection relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T19:09:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0005016 name: dendrite def: "A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, often branched, morphology, receives and integrates signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conducts a nerve impulse towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body." [GO:0030425] xref: GO:0030425 is_a: XAO:0005317 ! neuron projection relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T19:12:27Z [Term] id: XAO:0005017 name: ciliated cell def: "A cell that has a filiform extrusion of the cell surface." [CL:0000064] xref: CL:0000064 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-14T19:18:22Z [Term] id: XAO:0005018 name: spinal neuron def: "A neuron of the spinal cord." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! spinal cord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-16T14:08:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0005019 name: paired dorsal aorta def: "The embryonic right and left aortas that develop in parallel with the heart and gain access to it via the aortic arches. Later the paired dorsal aortic anlagen unite and finally form the unpaired descending aorta of the adult." [http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/pcardio/arterien02.html] synonym: "left dorsal aorta" NARROW [] synonym: "paired dorsal aortae" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "right dorsal aorta" NARROW [] is_a: XAO:0003010 ! aorta relationship: develops_from XAO:0000085 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: develops_from XAO:0000357 ! arterial endothelium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-16T14:25:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0005020 name: stromal cell def: "A connective tissue cell of any organ." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromal_cell] xref: CL:0000499 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0001017 ! connective tissue relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-16T14:43:13Z [Term] id: XAO:0005021 name: interstitial cell of Leydig def: "A cell that is located in the interstitial space between the seminiferous tubules and produces male androgens." [ISBN:9781461348764] synonym: "interstitial cell" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0005020 ! stromal cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000157 ! testis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-16T14:57:42Z [Term] id: XAO:0005022 name: hepatocyte def: "A type of cell comprising the main structural component of the liver." [CL:0000182] xref: CL:0000182 is_a: XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000133 ! liver relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-16T15:02:39Z [Term] id: XAO:0005023 name: granular gland def: "A surface structure principally responsible for the production of noxious or toxic secretion with an effect on numerous species of vertebrates. The glands are almost uniformly distributed, on both ventral and dorsal skin." [DOI:10.1016/0300-9629(95)98515-I] synonym: "poison gland" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:3010602 is_a: XAO:0005071 ! skin gland relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-16T15:11:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0005024 name: olfactory epithelium def: "A sensory epithelium inside the nasal cavity that is responsible for detecting odors." [UBERON:0001997] xref: UBERON:0001997 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004092 ! preplacodal ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003196 ! olfactory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-16T15:26:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0005025 name: macrophage def: "A mononuclear phagocyte present in a variety of tissues, typically differentiated from monocytes, capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells." [CL:0000235] synonym: "histiocyte" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000235 is_a: XAO:0003239 ! circulating cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000124 ! blood relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-16T15:34:19Z [Term] id: XAO:0005026 name: presumptive rhombomere def: "Embryonic structure that gives rise to a rhombomere." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T17:38:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0005027 name: forebrain-midbrain boundary def: "The part of the brain that is the morphological boundary between the forebrain and midbrain." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004003 ! anatomical line relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: part_of XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T17:39:40Z [Term] id: XAO:0005028 name: ventricular layer of the optic tectum def: "Layer of the optic tectum that contains radial glial and other non-neuronal cells." [PMID:23531884] synonym: "ventricular layer" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003226 ! optic tectum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T17:40:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0005029 name: neuropil of the optic tectum def: "Layer of the optic tectum that mainly consists of ascending sensory axons and tectal dendrites." [PMID:23531884] synonym: "neuropil" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0002606 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003226 ! optic tectum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T17:42:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0005030 name: cell body layer of the optic tectum def: "Layer of the optic tectum that consists of tectal somata." [PMID:23531884] synonym: "cell body layer" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003226 ! optic tectum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T17:43:13Z [Term] id: XAO:0005031 name: radial glial cell def: "A cell present in the developing central nervous system. It functions as both a precursor cell and as a scaffold to support neuronal migration. Some have a multipotent ability, as they can differentiate into neurons and radial glial cells by asymmetric divisions during the period of embryonic neurogenesis. They occur mainly in the ventricular layer of the tectum and decrease in number as the brain matures." [CL:0000681, XAO:curators] synonym: "radial glia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "RG" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000681 is_a: XAO:0004308 ! glial cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0005032 ! neural stem cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: part_of XAO:0005028 ! ventricular layer of the optic tectum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T17:46:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0005032 name: neural stem cell def: "A cell that, in the early stages of the brain, are generated from the ectoderm-derived neural epithelium and commit to differentiate into either neurons or radial glial cells. It is well known that radial glial cells have distinctive morphological characteristics and can act as neural progenitor cells (NPCs) or neural stem cells (NSCs), in addition to guiding the migration of differentiating neurons in the central nervous system." [XAO:curators] synonym: "neural stem cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "neuronal stem cell" EXACT [] synonym: "NSC" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000047 is_a: XAO:0003054 ! stem cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: part_of XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T17:55:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0005033 name: progenitor cell def: "A cell that, like a stem cell, has a tendency to differentiate into a specific type of cell, but is already more specific than a stem cell and is pushed to differentiate into its target cell." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progenitor_cell] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T18:02:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0005034 name: neural progenitor cell def: "A progenitor cell of the nervous system." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "neuronal progenitor cell" EXACT [] synonym: "NPC" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005033 ! progenitor cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T18:03:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0005035 name: Mauthner cell def: "Any of a pair of large, easily identifiable, reticulospinal neurons at the level of the ear in the hindbrain. Importantly, they enable the escape reflex. Inner ear vestibular and auditory neurons form synapses on the lateral dendrite of the ipsilateral Mauthner cell, which in turn form synapses on contralateral spinal motor neurons to activate the C-start escape response." [XAO:curators] synonym: "Mauthner neuron" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000246 is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000015 ! hindbrain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T18:07:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0005036 name: Eberth-Kastschenko layer def: "A calcified dermal layer that is found between the stratum spongiosum and the stratum compactum of the skin." [PMID:23480373] synonym: "calcified dermal layer" BROAD [] synonym: "EK layer" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000217 ! dermis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T18:11:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0005037 name: migrating macrophage def: "Any of the hematopoietic stem cell derived phagocytic cells that are first observed in the ventral blood island at NF stages 17-18 and at stage 20 begin to migrate over the whole embryo between the epidermis and the mesoderm, completing their migration by stage 25." [PMID:12204257, PMID:15305302, PMID:18684398] synonym: "embryonic macrophage" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005025 ! macrophage relationship: develops_from XAO:0003055 ! hematopoietic stem cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0004473 ! ventral mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: part_of XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of XAO:0000067 ! ventral blood island relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T18:14:55Z [Term] id: XAO:0005038 name: nucleus def: "A membrane-bounded organelle of in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, it contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GO:0005634] synonym: "cell nucleus" EXACT [] xref: GO:0005634 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T18:18:55Z [Term] id: XAO:0005039 name: cytoplasm def: "All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [GO:0005737] xref: GO:0005737 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-18T18:25:53Z [Term] id: XAO:0005040 name: anterior semicircular canal def: "The anterior (superior) of the two vertically oriented semicircular canals, which are situated at right angles to each other." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicircular_canal] synonym: "superior semicircular canal" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001841 is_a: XAO:0000198 ! semicircular canal relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-19T21:03:02Z [Term] id: XAO:0005041 name: lateral semicircular canal def: "The laterally, or horizontally, oriented of the three semicircular canals." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicircular_canal] synonym: "horizontal semicircular canal" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001843 is_a: XAO:0000198 ! semicircular canal relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-19T21:03:23Z [Term] id: XAO:0005042 name: posterior semicircular canal def: "The posterior of the two vertically oriented semicircular canals, which are situated at right angles to each other." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicircular_canal] synonym: "inferior semicircular canal" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001842 is_a: XAO:0000198 ! semicircular canal relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-19T21:03:33Z [Term] id: XAO:0005043 name: skeletal muscle satellite cell def: "An elongated, spindle-shaped cell that is located between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of a muscle fiber. These cells are mostly quiescent, but upon activation they divide to produce cells that generate new muscle fibers." [CL:0000594] synonym: "satellite cell" BROAD [] xref: CL:0000594 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000174 ! skeletal muscle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-19T21:14:01Z [Term] id: XAO:0005044 name: Schwann cell def: "A glial cell that ensheaths axons of neurons in the peripheral nervous system and is necessary for their maintainance and function. Multiple Schwann cells wrap each axon." [CL:0002573, XAO:curators] synonym: "neurilemmal cell" EXACT [] xref: CL:0002573 is_a: XAO:0004308 ! glial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: part_of XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-19T21:17:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005045 name: dorsal crest of the endoderm def: "Dorsal endoderm that is adjacent to the notochord." [PMID:14745962] synonym: "dorsal crest" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-19T21:19:33Z [Term] id: XAO:0005046 name: caudal tuberal region def: "The caudal zone of the tuberal region of the hypothalamus." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "CT" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004606 ! tuberal region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T18:39:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0005047 name: rostral tuberal region def: "The rostral zone of the tuberal region of the hypothalamus." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "RT" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004606 ! tuberal region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T18:40:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0005048 name: nucleus of the solitary tract def: "A series of nuclei forming a column of grey matter embedded in the medulla, through the center of which runs the solitary tract. The solitary tract and nucleus are structures that carry and receive visceral sensation and taste from the facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) cranial nerves." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solitary_nucleus] synonym: "Nsol" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of solitary tract" EXACT [] synonym: "solitary nucleus" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0009050 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003100 ! medulla oblongata relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T18:42:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0005049 name: prethalamus basal plate def: "The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the prethalamus." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "basal plate of prosomere 3" EXACT [] synonym: "p3b" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004304 ! prethalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T18:45:52Z [Term] id: XAO:0005050 name: parabrachial area def: "Cell area that receives signals from the solitary nucleus and transmits signals to the medulla oblongata, spinal cord, amygdala, and hypothalamus." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabrachial_area, ISBN:9783642621277] synonym: "parabrachial nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "PB" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007634 is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T19:01:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0005051 name: retromammillary area def: "Hypothalamic region that with the mammillary nuclei forms the mammillary complex." [PMID:18597750] synonym: "RM" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004070 ! hypothalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T19:04:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0005052 name: nucleus reticularis medialis def: "Medial nucleus of the reticular nucleus of the brain stem." [ISBN:9783642621277] synonym: "Rm" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003100 ! medulla oblongata relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T19:07:47Z [Term] id: XAO:0005053 name: nucleus reticularis superior def: "Superior nucleus of the reticular nucleus of the brain stem." [ISBN:9783642621277] synonym: "Rs" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003100 ! medulla oblongata relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T19:07:51Z [Term] id: XAO:0005054 name: nucleus reticularis inferior def: "Inferior nucleus of the reticular nucleus of the brain stem." [ISBN:9783642621277] synonym: "Ri" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003100 ! medulla oblongata relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T19:07:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0005055 name: ventral septum def: "A set of septal nuclei comprising the ventral aspect of the forebrain septum." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "septum ventralis" EXACT [] synonym: "Sv" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005422 ! septum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004585 ! telencephalon septum relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T19:13:25Z [Term] id: XAO:0005056 name: supraoptoparaventricular region def: "The dorsal region of the alar hypothalamus." [PMID:24122702] synonym: "SPV" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004609 ! neural nucleus relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004230 ! anterior hypothalamus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T19:17:57Z [Term] id: XAO:0005057 name: stria terminalis def: "A structure in the brain consisting of a band of fibers running along the lateral margin of the ventricular surface of the thalamus. Serving as a major output pathway of the amygdala, it runs from its centromedial division to the ventral medial nucleus of the hypothalamus." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stria_terminalis] synonym: "st" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003029 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-20T19:19:50Z [Term] id: XAO:0005058 name: stratum spongiosum def: "Dermal layer containing loose connective tissue and several types of glands." [PMID:7723046] xref: UBERON:3010599 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000217 ! dermis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-21T21:38:10Z [Term] id: XAO:0005059 name: stratum compactum def: "Dermal layer composed of alternating sheets of parallel fibers." [PMID:7723046] xref: UBERON:0007377 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000217 ! dermis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-21T21:39:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0005060 name: glomerular mesangial cell def: "A type of smooth muscle-like pericyte that abuts and surrounds the filtration capillaries within the glomerulus." [PMID:9674692] synonym: "mesangial cell" BROAD [] synonym: "mesangial-like cell" BROAD [] xref: CL:1000742 is_a: XAO:0003264 ! pericyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0000318 ! glomus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-21T21:40:28Z [Term] id: XAO:0005061 name: glomerular epithelial cell def: "An epithelial cell that is part of the glomus." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 relationship: part_of XAO:0000318 ! glomus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-21T21:42:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0005062 name: proepicardium def: "An embryonic progenitor cell type that comprises a population that provides the epicardium, the majority of the cardiac interstitium, the coronary vasculature, and possibly some cardiomyocytes." [XAO:curators] synonym: "PE" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005033 ! progenitor cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-21T21:43:43Z [Term] id: XAO:0005063 name: external coil of the small intestine def: "Part of the double coil of the small intestine, consisting of anti-clockwise loops of intestine proximal to the internal coil." [PMID:10603354] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000130 ! small intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-21T21:46:18Z [Term] id: XAO:0005064 name: internal coil of the small intestine def: "Part of the double coil of the small intestine, consisting of clockwise loops of intestine distal to the external coil." [PMID:10603354] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000130 ! small intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-21T21:47:31Z [Term] id: XAO:0005065 name: sciatic nerve def: "Nerve that provides the connection to the nervous system for nearly the whole of the skin of the leg, the muscles of the back of the thigh, and those of the leg and foot." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciatic_nerve] synonym: "ischiadic nerve" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001322 is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! hindlimb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:22:58Z [Term] id: XAO:0005066 name: optic disc def: "The location where ganglion cell axons exit the eye to form the optic nerve." [UBERON:0001783] synonym: "optic nerve head" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001783 is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000179 ! eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:24:26Z [Term] id: XAO:0005067 name: typhlosole def: "A longitudinal fold of the wall projecting into the cavity of the intestine." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/typhlosole] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000129 ! intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:26:06Z [Term] id: XAO:0005068 name: motor axon def: "An axon that is part of a motor neuron and which projects outside the spinal cord to directly or indirectly control muscles." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_neuron] synonym: "motor axons" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0005015 ! axon relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004217 ! motor neuron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:26:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0005069 name: iliofibularis def: "A hindlimb muscle that is used in locomotion and which contains a population of slow or tonic fibers, as well as twitch fibers." [PMID:434137] is_a: XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003031 ! hindlimb relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:28:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0005070 name: sulcus limitans of neural tube def: "A shallow, longitudinal groove separating the developing gray matter into a basal and alar plates along the length of the neural tube." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulcus_limitans_(neural_tube)] synonym: "sulcus limitans" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0005478 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0003204 ! neural tube relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:29:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0005071 name: skin gland def: "A gland that is part of the skin." [UBERON:0002419] xref: UBERON:0002419 is_a: XAO:0003028 ! surface structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000023 ! skin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:36:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005072 name: skin mucous gland def: "A mucous gland that is part of the skin." [UBERON:0004790] synonym: "mucous gland" BROAD [] xref: UBERON:0004790 is_a: XAO:0005071 ! skin gland is_a: XAO:0005073 ! mucous gland relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:39:09Z [Term] id: XAO:0005073 name: mucous gland def: "A gland in which the principal secretory cells are mucus secreting cells." [UBERON:0000414] synonym: "mucus gland" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000414 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:44:20Z [Term] id: XAO:0005074 name: skin seromucous gland def: "A gland of the skin in which some secretory cells are serous and some mucous." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=37219] synonym: "seromucous gland" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0005071 ! skin gland relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:48:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0005075 name: Bowman's gland def: "Any of the branched tubuloalveolar glands situated in the mucous membrane of the olfactory region of the nasal cavity that produce mucus to moisten the olfactory epithelium and dissolve odor-containing gases." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/olfactory+gland] synonym: "olfactory gland" EXACT [] synonym: "olfactory gland of Bowman" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002232 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005024 ! olfactory epithelium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:53:34Z [Term] id: XAO:0005076 name: anterior entopeduncular region def: "A defined region within the ventral telencephalon that gives rise to GABAergic and cholinergic cortical interneurons and is also a source of early-born oligodendrocytes in the telencephalon." [http://discovery.lifemapsc.com/in-vivo-development/neural-tube/anterior-entopeduncular-area] synonym: "AEP" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000012 ! telencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T12:57:36Z [Term] id: XAO:0005077 name: secondary myofiber def: "Multinucleate cell formed by later myoblasts that cling by pseudopodia pushed into the surfaces of existing myotubes, and that instead of fusing with the myotube fuse with each other." [ISBN:9780123847317] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000172 ! muscle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T13:08:46Z [Term] id: XAO:0005078 name: dorsomedial edge of myotome def: "Muscle-forming part of each myotome that splits from the ventrolateral edge and gives rise to the epaxial musculature." [ISBN:9780470654538] synonym: "dorsomedial edge" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T13:15:22Z [Term] id: XAO:0005079 name: ventrolateral edge of myotome def: "Muscle-forming part of each myotome that splits from the dorsomedial edge and gives rise to the hypaxial musculature." [ISBN:9780470654538] synonym: "ventrolateral edge" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000315 ! myotome relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T13:21:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0005080 name: dermomyotome def: "The bilaminar epithelium formed from the myotome and dermatome." [UBERON:0004290] synonym: "dermamyotome" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0004290 is_a: XAO:0004006 ! multilaminar epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000058 ! somite relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T13:29:14Z [Term] id: XAO:0005081 name: egg jelly def: "A gelatinous layer that surrounds the oocyte and releases chemoattractants that activate and guide sperm to the oocyte." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_jelly] is_a: XAO:0003162 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage relationship: start_stage XAO:1000085 ! oocyte stage III created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T13:34:37Z [Term] id: XAO:0005082 name: lampbrush chromosome def: "A special form of chromosome found in growing oocytes, transforming into the lampbrush form because of an active transcription of many genes, and organized into a series of chromomeres with large chromatin loops extended laterally." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lampbrush_chromosome] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000088 ! oocyte stage VI relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T13:38:12Z [Term] id: XAO:0005083 name: egg cell-free extract namespace: xenopus_anatomy_in_vitro def: "A cell-free extract obtained from oocytes." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004291 ! cell-free extract created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2015-05-24T13:44:37Z [Term] id: XAO:0005084 name: blastomere D1 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective dorsal midline of the animal hemisphere at the eight-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "D1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005085 name: blastomere D2 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective dorsal midline of the vegetal hemisphere at the eight-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "D2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005086 name: blastomere V1 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective ventral midline of the animal hemisphere at the eight-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "V1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005087 name: blastomere V2 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective ventral midline of the vegetal hemisphere at the eight-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "V2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005088 name: blastomere D1.1 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective dorsal midline of the animal hemisphere at the 16-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "D1.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005113 ! dorsal animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005084 ! blastomere D1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005089 name: blastomere D1.2 def: "Blastomere which lies in the animal hemisphere lateral to blastomere D1.1 at the 16-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "D1.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005113 ! dorsal animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005084 ! blastomere D1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005090 name: blastomere D2.1 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective dorsal midline of the vegetal hemisphere at the 16-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "D2.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005112 ! dorsal vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005085 ! blastomere D2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005091 name: blastomere D2.2 def: "Blastomere which lies in the vegetal hemisphere lateral to blastomere D2.1 at the 16-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "D2.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005112 ! dorsal vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005085 ! blastomere D2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005092 name: blastomere V1.1 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective ventral midline of the animal hemisphere at the 16-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "V1.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005115 ! ventral animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005086 ! blastomere V1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005093 name: blastomere V1.2 def: "Blastomere which lies in the animal hemisphere lateral to V1.1 at the 16-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "V1.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005115 ! ventral animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005086 ! blastomere V1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005094 name: blastomere V2.1 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective ventral midline of the vegetal hemisphere at the 16-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "V2.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005114 ! ventral vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005087 ! blastomere V2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005095 name: blastomere V2.2 def: "Blastomere which lies in the vegetal hemisphere lateral to V2.1 at the 16-cell stage." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "V2.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005114 ! ventral vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005087 ! blastomere V2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005096 name: blastomere D1.1.1 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective dorsal midline in the first tier of blastomeres. It contributes to a variety of tissues and organs, including the cement gland, brain, retina, lens, cranial ganglia, otic vesicle, neural crest, spinal cord, somites, liver, gut and pharynx." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "A1" RELATED [] synonym: "D1.1.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005113 ! dorsal animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005088 ! blastomere D1.1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005097 name: blastomere D1.1.2 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective dorsal midline, posterior to its sister cell, blastomere D1.1.1, in the second tier of blastomeres. It contributes cells to a variety of tissues and organs, including the stomodeum, retina, epidermis, lens, cranial ganglia, epibranchial placodes, neural crest, brain, spinal cord, gut, liver, pharynx, somites, and archenteron roof." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "B1" RELATED [] synonym: "D1.1.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005113 ! dorsal animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005088 ! blastomere D1.1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005098 name: blastomere D1.2.1 def: "Blastomere which lies lateral to blastomere D1.1.1 and is in the first tier of blastomeres. It contributes to a variety of tissues and organs, including the cement gland, head epidermis, olfactory epithelium, lens, cranial ganglia, otic vesicle, epidermis, tail fin, neural crest, retina, hindbrain, spinal cord, pharyngeal arches, caudal notochord and hindgut." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "A2" RELATED [] synonym: "D1.2.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005113 ! dorsal animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005089 ! blastomere D1.2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005099 name: blastomere D1.2.2 def: "Blastomere which lies lateral to blastomere D1.1.2, posterior to its sister cell, blastomere D1.2.1, in the second tier of blastomeres. It contributes to a variety of tissues and organs including fin, epidermis, cement gland, olfactory epithelium, neural crest, lens, cranial ganglia, retina, brain, notochord, somites, pronephric kidney, lateral plate mesoderm, pharynx, foregut, hindgut and archenteron roof." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "B2" RELATED [] synonym: "D1.2.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005113 ! dorsal animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005089 ! blastomere D1.2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005100 name: blastomere D2.1.1 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective dorsal midline in the fourth tier of blastomeres. It contributes largely to endodermal and mesodermal structures including the branchial and lateral plate mesoderm, foregut, liver, hindgut, some of the trunk, and a small number of cells contributing to neural crest of ectodermal origin." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "D1" RELATED [] synonym: "D2.1.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005112 ! dorsal vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005090 ! blastomere D2.1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005101 name: blastomere D2.1.2 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective dorsal midline, anterior to its sister cell, blastomere D2.1.1, in the third tier of blastomeres. It contributes to mostly endodermal and mesodermal structures including the heart, head mesenchyme, notochord, somites, lateral plate mesoderm, foregut, hindgut, and a few cells of ectodermal origin (in cranial ganglia and neural crest)." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "C1" RELATED [] synonym: "D2.1.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005112 ! dorsal vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005090 ! blastomere D2.1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005102 name: blastomere D2.2.1 def: "Blastomere which lies lateral to blastomere D2.1.1 in the fourth tier of blastomeres. It contributes cells to the cranial ganglia, neural crest, spinal cord, fin epidermis, branchial mesoderm, heart, somites, pharynx, foregut, liver, and hindgut." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "D2" RELATED [] synonym: "D2.2.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005112 ! dorsal vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005091 ! blastomere D2.2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005103 name: blastomere D2.2.2 def: "Blastomere which lies lateral to blastomere D2.1.2, anterior to its sister cell, blastomere D2.2.1, in the third tier of blastomeres. It contributes cells to the epidermis, neural crest, brain, spinal cord, head mesoderm, somites, pronephric kidney, lateral plate mesoderm, tail fin mesenchyme, foregut, hindgut, with occasional cells in the liver and proctodeum observed." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "C2" RELATED [] synonym: "D2.2.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005112 ! dorsal vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005091 ! blastomere D2.2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005104 name: blastomere V1.1.1 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective ventral midline in the first tier of blastomeres. It contributes to epidermal and placodal derivatives including the epidermis, lens, cement gland, cranial ganglia, otic vesicle, neural crest, Rohon-Beard neurons, and spinal cord (but no other CNS structures). It also contributes to the pharyngeal mesoderm, heart, somites, pronephric kidney, lateral plate mesoderm and tail fin mesenchymes, and a few cells in the gut." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "A4" RELATED [] synonym: "V1.1.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005115 ! ventral animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005092 ! blastomere V1.1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005105 name: blastomere V1.1.2 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective ventral midline, posterior to its sister cell, blastomere V1.1.1, in the second tier of blastomeres. It contributes to trunk epidermis and neural crest cells, Rohon-Beard neurons, somites, the pronephric kidney, lateral plate mesoderm, tail fin mesenchyme, hindgut and proctodeum." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "B4" RELATED [] synonym: "V1.1.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005115 ! ventral animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005092 ! blastomere V1.1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005106 name: blastomere V1.2.1 def: "Blastomere which lies lateral to blastomere V1.1.1 and is in the first tier of blastomeres. It contributes to many ectodermal structures including the epidermis, lens, cranial ganglia, otic vesicle, neural crest, olfactory placode, cement gland, retina, brain, and spinal cord. It also contributes cells to the pharyngeal mesoderm, head mesenchyme, heart, somites, pronephric kidney, lateral plate mesoderm and tail fin mesenchyme, archenteron roof, with occasional cells in the foregut, liver, hindgut and proctodeum." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "A3" RELATED [] synonym: "V1.2.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005115 ! ventral animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005093 ! blastomere V1.2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005107 name: blastomere V1.2.2 def: "Blastomere which lies lateral to blastomere V1.1.2, posterior to its sister cell, blastomere V1.2.1, in the second tier of blastomeres. It contributes to the epidermis, fins, cranial ganglia, otic vesicle, central nervous system, neural crest, and somites, with occasional cells in the pharyngeal mesoderm, head mesenchyme, hindgut, and proctodeum." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "B3" RELATED [] synonym: "V1.2.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005115 ! ventral animal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005093 ! blastomere V1.2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005108 name: blastomere V2.1.1 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective, ventral midline in the fourth tier of blastomeres. It contributes a few cells to the epidermis, neural crest and spinal cord, and a large number of cells to the somites, pronephric kidney, lateral plate mesoderm, tail fin mesenchyme, hindgut, and proctodeum." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "D4" RELATED [] synonym: "V2.1.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005114 ! ventral vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005094 ! blastomere V2.1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005109 name: blastomere V2.1.2 def: "Blastomere which lies adjacent to the prospective ventral midline, anterior to its sister cell, blastomere V2.1.1, in the third tier of blastomeres. It contributes cells to the epidermis, neural crest, spinal cord, somites, tail, hindgut and proctodeum." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "C4" RELATED [] synonym: "V2.1.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005114 ! ventral vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005094 ! blastomere V2.1 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005110 name: blastomere V2.2.1 def: "Blastomere which lies lateral to blastomere V2.1.1, in the fourth tier of blastomeres. It contributes cells to the epidermis and neural crest, spinal cord, somites, foregut, hindgut, and fewer cells to the head, pharyngeal mesoderm and proctodeum." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "D3" RELATED [] synonym: "V2.2.1" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005114 ! ventral vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005095 ! blastomere V2.2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005111 name: blastomere V2.2.2 def: "Blastomere which lies lateral to blastomere V2.1.2, anterior to its sister cell, blastomere V2.2.1, in the third tier of blastomeres. It contributes cells to the epidermis, tail fin, cranial ganglia, neural crest, hindbrain, spinal cord, otic vesicle, pharyngeal mesoderm, somites, foregut, hindgut, archenteron roof, and proctodeum." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "C3" RELATED [] synonym: "V2.2.2" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005114 ! ventral vegetal hemisphere blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005095 ! blastomere V2.2 relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005112 name: dorsal vegetal hemisphere blastomere def: "Blastomere that is any of blastomeres D2.1 and D2.2 and their children cells after division, D2.1.1, D2.1.2, D2.2.1 and D2.2.2, on the left and right sides of embryo." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "DVHB" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000279 ! vegetal blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005113 name: dorsal animal hemisphere blastomere def: "Blastomere that is any of blastomeres D1.1 and D1.2 and their children cells after division, D1.1.1, D1.1.2, D1.2.1 and D1.2.2, on the left and right sides of embryo." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "DAHB" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000200 ! animal blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005114 name: ventral vegetal hemisphere blastomere def: "Blastomere that is any of blastomeres V2.1 and V2.2 and their children cells after division, V2.1.1, V2.1.2, V2.2.1 and V2.2.2, on the left and right sides of embryo." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "VVHB" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000279 ! vegetal blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005115 name: ventral animal hemisphere blastomere def: "Blastomere that is any of blastomeres V1.1 and V1.2 and their children cells after division, V1.1.1, V1.1.2, V1.2.1 and V1.2.2, on the left and right sides of embryo." [PMID:3596014] synonym: "VAHB" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000200 ! animal blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-08-16T20:28:11Z [Term] id: XAO:0005116 name: melanotrope def: "A cell in the pituitary gland (hypophysis) that generates melanocyte-stimulating hormone from its precursor polypeptide, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)." [http:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanotroph] synonym: "melanocyte stimulating hormone secreting cell" EXACT [] synonym: "melanotrope cell" EXACT [] synonym: "melanotroph" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000440 is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000017 ! hypophysis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005117 name: germinal granule def: "A characteristic, electrondense germ plasm organelle encapsulating the cytoplasmic face of the nuclear envelope of the cells destined to the germline fate." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granule_(cell_biology)] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000233 ! germ plasm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005118 name: ooplasm def: "The cytoplasm of the oocyte." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ooplasm] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005119 name: oocyte cortex def: "Cell component comprising the outer layers of the oocyte." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005120 name: endoplasmic reticulum def: "The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [GO:0005783] synonym: "ER" EXACT [] xref: GO:0005783 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005121 name: prime meridian def: "Embryonic region which is specified to form the head of the embryo." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000021 ! NF stage 11 relationship: part_of XAO:0000113 ! embryo relationship: start_stage XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005122 name: microtubule def: "Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [GO:0005874] xref: GO:0005874 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005123 name: vegetal cortex def: "Cell component comprising the outer layers of the vegetal region of the oocyte." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage relationship: part_of XAO:0005119 ! oocyte cortex relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005124 name: pulmonary epithelium def: "The epithelial layer of the lung." [UBERON:0000115] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lung" RELATED [] synonym: "epithelium of lung" RELATED [] synonym: "lung epithelial tissue" RELATED [] synonym: "lung epithelium" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000115 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000119 ! lung relationship: part_of XAO:0001002 ! lung primordium relationship: part_of XAO:0005140 ! lung bud relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005125 name: ventral foregut def: "The ventral part of the foregut." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005126 name: dorsal foregut def: "The dorsal part of the foregut." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005127 name: anterior foregut def: "Embryonic structure that consists of the anterior part of the foregut and develops into the esophagus and trachea." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005128 name: posterior foregut def: "The posterior part of the foregut." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005129 name: proximal stomach def: "The section of the stomach comprising the cardia, fundus, and stomach body." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005127 ! anterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000128 ! stomach relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005130 name: distal stomach def: "The section of the stomach comprising the antrum and pylorus." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005128 ! posterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000128 ! stomach relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005131 name: astrocyte def: "A characteristically star-shaped type of glial cell found in the optic nerve, brain and spinal cord. They have many processes, giving them their star shape, which terminate in structures called end-feet. They are the most numerous glial cell in the central nervous system and can behave like phagocytes in the CNS during metamorphosis." [CL:0000127, XAO:curators] synonym: "astrocytic glia" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000127 is_a: XAO:0004308 ! glial cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0005032 ! neural stem cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! spinal cord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005132 name: astrocyte end-foot def: "The terminal process of an astrocyte." [GO:0097450] synonym: "astrocyte end-feet" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "astrocyte endfeet" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "astrocyte endfoot" EXACT [] xref: GO:0097450 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: develops_from XAO:0005131 ! astrocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005131 ! astrocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005133 name: oligodendrocyte def: "A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system that form the insulating myelin sheath of axons." [CL:0000128] xref: CL:0000128 is_a: XAO:0004308 ! glial cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0005032 ! neural stem cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: part_of XAO:0000020 ! spinal cord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005134 name: microglial cell def: "The smallest glial cell type in the central nervous system, cells of this type actively detect inflammatory responses/infection. They transform to a phagocytotic form, actively removing infective agents, and thus can present antigens to immune system cells." [XAO:curators] synonym: "microglia" EXACT [] xref: CL:0000129 is_a: XAO:0004308 ! glial cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005135 name: enteroendocrine cell def: "An endocrine cell that is located in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract or in the pancreas." [CL:0000164] xref: CL:0000164 is_a: XAO:0003247 ! endocrine cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-12-06T18:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005136 name: dorsal involuting marginal zone def: "Tissue which during gastrulation involutes into the interior of the embryo, where its deep mesenchymal cells form the notochordal and somitic mesoderm and its superficial epithelial cells form the endodermal roof of the archenteron." [PMID:7588048] synonym: "DIMZ" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal IMZ" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0000068 ! marginal zone relationship: end_stage XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005137 name: monociliated cell def: "A ciliated cell that has a single cilium." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0005017 ! ciliated cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000094 ! gastrocoel roof plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005138 name: subcortical cytoplasm def: "The cytoplasm beneath the outer layers of the oocyte." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "sub-cortical cytoplasm" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000092 ! mature egg stage relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005139 name: multiciliated cell def: "A ciliated cell that has more than one cilium." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0005017 ! ciliated cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0005180 ! multiciliated cell precursor relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005140 name: lung bud def: "A structure derived from the foregut that becomes a lung." [UBERON:0000118] xref: UBERON:0000118 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0001002 ! lung primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000065 ! NF stage 53 relationship: part_of XAO:0000117 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-12-09T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005141 name: pars externa of the stapes def: "A cartilaginous extension of the stapes that expands into a cartilaginous tympanic disk." [PMID:20953303] synonym: "extracolumella" EXACT [] synonym: "extrastapes" EXACT [] synonym: "pars externa" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004310 ! stapes relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005142 name: pars media of the stapes def: "The bony part of the stapes which forms the shaft. It is shaped like a bent rod: its distal half is firmly embedded within the tympanic disk, extending from the disk center caudally and dorsally, turning inwards, until it reaches the oval window at a shallow angle." [PMID:20953303] synonym: "pars media" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004276 ! bone element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004310 ! stapes relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005143 name: pars interna of the stapes def: "A cartilaginous component of the stapes that is firmly attached to the proximal end of the pars media. It lies within the oval window and forms the stapes footplate." [PMID:20953303] synonym: "pars interna" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004310 ! stapes relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005144 name: footplate of the stapes def: "That part of the stapes lying within the oval window, formed from the stapes pars interna." [PMID:20953303] synonym: "footplate" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004310 ! stapes relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005145 name: fundus def: "The section of the stomach which lies between the cardia and the stomach body, and contains the fundic glands." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach, UBERON:0001160] synonym: "fundic stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "fundus of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "gastric fundus" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001160 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005129 ! proximal stomach relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005129 ! proximal stomach relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-12-09T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005146 name: oval window def: "Entrance to the inner ear in the lateral wall of the otic capsule, which contains the footplate of the stapes." [PMID:20953303] synonym: "foramen ovale" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002501 is_a: XAO:0003190 ! anatomical space relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005225 ! otic capsule relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005147 name: parotic crest def: "Cartilaginous extension of the prootic bone which overlies the middle ear region." [PMID:20953303] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: develops_from XAO:0005314 ! prootic bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003059 ! chondrocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005148 name: m. depressor mandibulae def: "A muscle acting to open the lower jaw, which runs from the caudal otic region downwards, passing over the stapes." [PMID:20953303] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0000053 ! head mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005149 name: m. levator scapulae superior def: "Superior aspect of the cranial muscle that passes between the otic capsule and the scapula. It originates on the otic capsule just caudal to the oval window." [PMID:20953303] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0000053 ! head mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005150 name: m. levator scapulae inferior def: "Inferior aspect of the cranial muscle that passes between the otic capsule and the scapula. It originates on the otic capsule just caudal to the oval window." [PMID:20953303] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0000053 ! head mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005151 name: m. petrohyoideus def: "A long, strap-like muscle that originates mainly from the parotic crest, passes over the stapes and ultimately inserts on the ventral surface of the larynx." [PMID:20953303] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0000053 ! head mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005152 name: m. cucullaris def: "A muscle that originates on the otic capsule and adjacent tympanic annulus, and inserts on the pectoral girdle." [PMID:20953303] is_a: XAO:0004322 ! cranial muscle relationship: develops_from XAO:0000053 ! head mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005153 name: tympanic annulus def: "The oval shaped cartilaginous ring that supports the cartilaginous tympanic disk." [PMID:20953303] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: start_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005154 name: plasma membrane def: "The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [GO:0005886] synonym: "cell membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "cellular membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "cytoplasmic membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "plasmalemma" EXACT [] xref: GO:0005886 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-03-20T17:24:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0005155 name: archenteron roof midline def: "Anatomical line that divides the archenteron roof into right and left halves." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004003 ! anatomical line relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000094 ! gastrocoel roof plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005156 name: stomach body def: "The section of the stomach which lies between the fundus and the pyloric antrum." [UBERON:0001161] synonym: "body of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "gastric body" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001161 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005129 ! proximal stomach relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005129 ! proximal stomach relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-12-09T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005157 name: antrum def: "The section of the stomach which lies between the stomach body and pylorus, and that contains gastrin-producing G cells, which stimulate acid production, and the luminal pH-sensitive population of somatostatin-producing D cells." [UBERON:0001165] synonym: "antrum of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "pyloric antrum" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001165 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005130 ! distal stomach relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005130 ! distal stomach relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-12-09T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005158 name: pylorus def: "The stomach tissue region which surrounds and controls the distal outlet of the stomach, which opens into the duodenum, and contains the pyloric glands." [ISBN:9781461348764, UBERON:0001166] synonym: "pyloric stomach" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001166 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005130 ! distal stomach relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005130 ! distal stomach relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-12-09T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005159 name: cardia def: "The section of the stomach which is attached to the esophagus and contains the cardiac glands." [ISBN:9781461348764, UBERON:0001162] synonym: "cardia of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "cardiac stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "gastric cardia" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001162 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0005129 ! proximal stomach relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005129 ! proximal stomach relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-12-09T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005160 name: prepollex def: "A tiny skeletal element adjacent to the anterior-most digit in the autopod in the developing forelimb, possibly representing a vestigal digit." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004299 ! hand relationship: start_stage XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005161 name: prehallux def: "A tiny skeletal element adjacent to the anterior-most digit in the autopod in the developing hindlimb (i.e., hindlimb digit 5), possibly representing a vestigal 6th digit in Xenopus." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0004013 ! cartilage element relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004300 ! foot relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005162 name: mandibular arch skeleton def: "Skeletal subdivision comprising the skeletal elements of the mandibular arch." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0001708 is_a: XAO:0004289 ! skeletal subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003176 ! splanchnocranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-09-03T19:21:41Z [Term] id: XAO:0005163 name: thoracic region def: "A region of the embryo that is located broadly around the heart, but ventral to the pharyngeal region, posterior to the cement gland, and anterior to the endoderm or organs of endodermal origin (foregut, liver and lung primordia)." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-11-16T18:07:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0005164 name: alpha cell def: "A type of endocrine cell in the pancreatic islets of the pancreas. They make up some of the islet cells synthesizing and secreting the peptide hormone glucagon, which elevates the glucose levels in the blood." [XAO:curators] synonym: "alpha cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "alpha-cell" EXACT [] synonym: "alpha-cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "pancreatic A cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000171 is_a: XAO:0005135 ! enteroendocrine cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000159 ! islets of Langerhans relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-11-16T18:07:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0005165 name: beta cell def: "A type of cell that is found in the pancreatic islets of the pancreas and secretes insulin." [XAO:curators] synonym: "beta cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "beta-cell" EXACT [] synonym: "beta-cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "type B pancreatic cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000169 is_a: XAO:0005135 ! enteroendocrine cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000159 ! islets of Langerhans relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-11-16T18:07:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0005166 name: delta cell def: "Somatostatin-producing cell that is found in the stomach, intestine and the pancreatic islets." [XAO:curators] synonym: "D cell" RELATED [] synonym: "D-cell" RELATED [] synonym: "delta cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "delta-cell" EXACT [] synonym: "delta-cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "type D enteroendocrine cell" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000502 is_a: XAO:0005135 ! enteroendocrine cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-11-16T18:07:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0005167 name: epsilon cell def: "A type of endocrine cell that is found in the islets of Langerhans and produces the hormone ghrelin." [XAO:curators] synonym: "epsilon cells" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "epsilon-cell" EXACT [] synonym: "epsilon-cells" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0005135 ! enteroendocrine cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000159 ! islets of Langerhans relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-11-16T18:07:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0005168 name: gamma cell def: "A type of cell that produces pancreatic polypeptides in the pancreatic islets (the islets of Langerhans) of the pancreas." [XAO:curators] synonym: "PP cell" RELATED [] synonym: "pp-cell" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0005135 ! enteroendocrine cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000159 ! islets of Langerhans relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2016-11-16T18:07:16Z [Term] id: XAO:0005169 name: left-right organizer primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the organizing region which is formed by the posterior layer of the gastrocoel roof plate during early neurulation." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "left-right organiser primordium" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003043 ! primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000076 ! involuting marginal zone epithelial layer relationship: end_stage XAO:1000026 ! NF stage 16 relationship: part_of XAO:0000094 ! gastrocoel roof plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-03-30T16:43:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0005170 name: left-right organizer def: "Region which is formed by the posterior layer of the gastrocoel roof plate during neurulation and has functionality in determining organ and axis symmetry." [XAO:curators] synonym: "left-right organiser" EXACT [] synonym: "LRO" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: develops_from XAO:0005169 ! left-right organizer primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 relationship: part_of XAO:0000094 ! gastrocoel roof plate relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-03-30T16:45:24Z [Term] id: XAO:0005171 name: fin margin def: "The outermost extent of a fin, comprising a region of high cell replication during anterior-posterior axis extension throughout the tadpole stages." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000002 ! fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-04-11T16:34:29Z [Term] id: XAO:0005172 name: left blastomere def: "The blastomere of the future left side of the embryo at the 2-cell stage." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000011 ! NF stage 2 (2-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000011 ! NF stage 2 (2-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-04-13T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005173 name: right blastomere def: "The blastomere of the future right side of the embryo at the 2-cell stage." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000011 ! NF stage 2 (2-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000011 ! NF stage 2 (2-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-04-13T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005174 name: left-dorsal blastomere def: "The blastomere of the future left-dorsal portion of the embryo at the 4-cell stage." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "LD" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005172 ! left blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000013 ! NF stage 3 (4-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000013 ! NF stage 3 (4-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-04-13T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005175 name: right-dorsal blastomere def: "The blastomere of the future right-dorsal portion of the embryo at the 4-cell stage." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "RD" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005173 ! right blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000013 ! NF stage 3 (4-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000013 ! NF stage 3 (4-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-04-13T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005176 name: left-ventral blastomere def: "The blastomere of the future left-ventral portion of the embryo at the 4-cell stage." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "LV" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005172 ! left blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000013 ! NF stage 3 (4-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000013 ! NF stage 3 (4-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-04-13T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005177 name: right-ventral blastomere def: "The blastomere of the future right-ventral portion of the embryo at the 4-cell stage." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "RV" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003016 ! blastomere relationship: develops_from XAO:0005173 ! right blastomere relationship: end_stage XAO:1000013 ! NF stage 3 (4-cell) relationship: start_stage XAO:1000013 ! NF stage 3 (4-cell) created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-04-13T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005178 name: monociliated epidermal cell def: "A ciliated epidermal cell that has a single cilium." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0000031 ! ciliated epidermal cell is_a: XAO:0005137 ! monociliated cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-04-14T17:17:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005179 name: multiciliated epidermal cell def: "A ciliated epidermal cell that has more than one cilium." [XAO:curators] synonym: "MCC" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0000031 ! ciliated epidermal cell is_a: XAO:0005139 ! multiciliated cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-04-14T17:17:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005180 name: multiciliated cell precursor def: "Cell type that gives rise to multiciliated cells." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-04-14T17:17:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005181 name: ascending interneuron def: "An interneuron which grows from the soma in an ascending (from tail to head) direction." [PMID:29051550] synonym: "aIN" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004267 ! interneuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-11-10T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005182 name: descending interneuron def: "An interneuron which grows from the soma in a descending (from head to tail) direction." [PMID:29051550] synonym: "dIN" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004267 ! interneuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-11-10T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005183 name: commissural interneuron def: "An interneuron which starts to grow on one side of the body and navigates in the ventral direction." [PMID:29051550] synonym: "cIN" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004267 ! interneuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-11-10T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005184 name: dorsolateral ascending neuron def: "An ascending neuron, originating in the spinal cord, that is involved in the touch sensory pathway and lies adjacent to the Rohon-Beard neurons and close to the roof plate of the spinal cord." [PMID:29051550] synonym: "dla" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-11-15T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005185 name: dorsolateral commissural neuron def: "A commissural neuron, originating in the spinal cord, that is involved in the touch sensory pathway and lies adjacent to the Rohon-Beard neurons and close to the roof plate of the spinal cord." [PMID:29051550] synonym: "dlc" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-11-15T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005186 name: adenohypophysis def: "The glandular, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (hypophysis). It regulates several physiological processes including stress, growth, and reproduction." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_pituitary] synonym: "anterior hypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "pars anterior" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002196 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004208 ! adenohypophyseal placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000017 ! hypophysis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-11-17T16:49:43Z [Term] id: XAO:0005187 name: neurohypophysis def: "The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (hypophysis). It is largely a collection of axonal projections from the hypothalamus that terminate behind the anterior pituitary, and serve as a site for the secretion of neurohypophysial hormones (oxytocin and vasopressin) directly into the blood. It is not glandular as is the anterior pituitary." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_pituitary] synonym: "posterior hypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior pituitary" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002198 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0004210 ! infundibulum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000017 ! hypophysis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-11-17T16:49:56Z [Term] id: XAO:0005188 name: pars distalis def: "Structure which comprises the majority of the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) and where the bulk of pituitary hormone production occurs." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_pituitary] synonym: "pars distalis of adenohypophysis" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0006964 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005186 ! adenohypophysis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-11-17T16:49:59Z [Term] id: XAO:0005189 name: pars nervosa def: "Structure which constitutes the majority of the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) and that is the storage site of oxytocin and vasopressin." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_pituitary] synonym: "neural lobe of neurohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior lobe of neurohypophysis" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0003217 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005187 ! neurohypophysis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-11-17T16:50:21Z [Term] id: XAO:0005190 name: pars intermedia def: "The boundary between the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary (hypophysis). It contains three types of cells: basophils, chromophobes, and colloid-filled cysts. The cysts are the remainder of Rathke's pouch." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pars_intermedia] synonym: "pars intermedia of adenohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "pars intermedis" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002432 is_a: XAO:0004486 ! organ part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000017 ! hypophysis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2017-11-17T16:51:54Z [Term] id: XAO:0005191 name: ethmoid bone def: "An unpaired bone in the skull that separates the nasal cavity from the brain. It is located at the roof of the nose, between the two orbits." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethmoid_bone] synonym: "ethmoid" BROAD [] synonym: "ethmoidal bone" EXACT [] synonym: "os ethmoidale" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0001679 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004023 ! craniofacial skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0005192 ! ethmoid region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2018-01-16T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005192 name: ethmoid region def: "Anatomical cluster comprising the most anterior region of the braincase and providing structural support for the peripheral olfactory organ." [UBERON:0011241] xref: UBERON:0011241 is_a: XAO:0003160 ! anatomical cluster relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003075 ! cranium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2018-01-17T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005193 name: lateral nasal prominence def: "The lateral area of the two branches of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling in the future nasal region of the embryo. It separates the olfactory pit from the developing eye." [UBERON:0004067] synonym: "lateral nasal swelling" RELATED [] synonym: "prominentia nasalis lateralis" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0004067 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2018-01-17T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005194 name: medial nasal prominence def: "The central area of the two limbs of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling that lie medial to the olfactory placode or pit in the future nasal region of the embryo." [UBERON:0004068] synonym: "medial nasal swelling" RELATED [] synonym: "nasomedial prominence" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004068 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2018-01-17T17:00:00Z [Term] id: XAO:0005195 name: enteric nervous system def: "The mesh-like system of enteric neurons that innervate the gastrointestinal tract, with neurons embedded in the lining of the gastrointestinal system, beginning at the esophagus and extending down to the cloaca. The ENS can and does operate independently of the brain and the spinal cord." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteric_nervous_system] synonym: "ENS" EXACT [] synonym: "intrinsic nervous system" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0002005 is_a: XAO:0000177 ! nervous system relationship: develops_from XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0005196 name: neutrophil def: "A type of blood cell which is part of the innate immune system and is quickly recruited to sites of injury." [XAO:curators] synonym: "neutrocyte" RELATED [] xref: CL:0000775 is_a: XAO:0003239 ! circulating cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000124 ! blood relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0005197 name: lateral preplacodal ectoderm def: "One of the 3 domains of the U-shaped preplacodal ectoderm, lying between the anterior PPE and posterior PPE domains." [XAO:curators] synonym: "lateral PPE" EXACT [] synonym: "LPPE" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0004104 ! neural plate border relationship: end_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 relationship: part_of XAO:0004092 ! preplacodal ectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005198 name: cardiac atrium def: "Cardiac chamber in which blood enters the heart." [UBERON:0002081] xref: UBERON:0002081 is_a: XAO:0003165 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from XAO:0000337 ! endocardial tube relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0005199 name: peripheral ganglion def: "Type of ganglia in the trunk region that connect the central nervous system with organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands, and are exclusively derived from trunk neural crest cells." [PMID:11254347] is_a: XAO:0000209 ! ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005200 name: anatomical axis def: "A straight line through space, intersecting an anatomical entity. Axis directions are defined in terms of axes." [BSPO:0000010] is_a: XAO:0004003 ! anatomical line relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0005201 name: animal-vegetal axis def: "An axis that extends from the animal end of an egg or early embryo to the opposite, vegetal end." [BSPO:0000199] is_a: XAO:0005200 ! anatomical axis relationship: end_stage XAO:1000021 ! NF stage 11 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0005202 name: anterior-posterior axis def: "An axis that extends through an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail." [BSPO:0000013] is_a: XAO:0005200 ! anatomical axis relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005203 name: dorsal-ventral axis def: "An axis that is approximately perpendicular to the anterior-posterior axis and that extends through the horizontal plane of the body." [BSPO:0000016] is_a: XAO:0005200 ! anatomical axis relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005204 name: left-right axis def: "An axis that bisects an organism from left to right sides of body, through a sagittal plane." [BSPO:0000017] is_a: XAO:0005200 ! anatomical axis relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005205 name: anatomical side def: "An anatomical region bounded by a plane perpendicular to an axis through the middle." [BSPO:0000054] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005206 name: anterior side def: "An anatomical region that is the entire part of an anatomical structure anterior to a transverse plane and bounded on one side by the same transverse plane." [BSPO:0000055] is_a: XAO:0005205 ! anatomical side relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005207 name: posterior side def: "An anatomical region that is the entire part of an anatomical structure posterior to a transverse plane and bounded on one side by the same transverse plane." [BSPO:0000056] is_a: XAO:0005205 ! anatomical side relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005208 name: dorsal side def: "An anatomical region that is the entire part of an anatomical structure dorsal to a horizontal plane and bounded on one side by the same horizontal plane." [BSPO:0000063] is_a: XAO:0005205 ! anatomical side relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005209 name: ventral side def: "An anatomical region that is the entire part of an anatomical structure ventral to a horizontal plane and bounded on one side by the same horizontal plane." [BSPO:0000068] is_a: XAO:0005205 ! anatomical side relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005210 name: left side def: "The side of an organism that is left of the sagittal plane." [BSPO:0000000] is_a: XAO:0005205 ! anatomical side relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005211 name: right side def: "The side of an organism that is right of the sagittal plane." [BSPO:0000007] is_a: XAO:0005205 ! anatomical side relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005212 name: proximal-distal axis def: "An axis that extends from the point of attachment of a structure (proximal) to the point furthest away from the plane of attachment (distal)." [BSPO:0000015] is_a: XAO:0005200 ! anatomical axis relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005213 name: apical region def: "Anatomical region located on the apical end on the body or body part." [BSPO:0000073] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005214 name: axial region def: "Anatomical region that runs down the center (axis) of the body, encompassing everything exept the limbs." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005215 name: basal region def: "Anatomical region located basally on the body or body part." [BSPO:0000074] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005216 name: anterior region def: "Anatomical region anteriorly located on the body or body part." [BSPO:0000071] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005217 name: posterior region def: "Anatomical region posteriorly located on the body or body part." [BSPO:0000072] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005218 name: dorsal region def: "Anatomical region dorsally located on the body or body part." [BSPO:0000079] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005219 name: ventral region def: "Anatomical region ventrally located on the body or body part." [BSPO:0000084] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005220 name: medial region def: "Anatomical region medially located on the body or body part." [BSPO:0000083] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005221 name: antero-dorsal region def: "Anatomical region that overlaps the anterior and dorsal regions of a body or body part." [BSPO:0000026] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005222 name: antero-ventral region def: "Anatomical region that overlaps the anterior and ventral regions of a body or body part." [BSPO:0000027] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005223 name: postero-dorsal region def: "Anatomical region that overlaps the posterior and dorsal regions of the body or body part." [BSPO:0000030] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005224 name: postero-ventral region def: "Anatomical region that overlaps the posterior and ventral regions of a body or body part." [BSPO:0000035] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005225 name: otic capsule def: "The capsule surrounding the inner ear components." [XAO:MEF] synonym: "ear capsule" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0004637 is_a: XAO:0004017 ! endochondral element relationship: develops_from XAO:0000006 ! otic vesicle relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000192 ! inner ear relationship: part_of XAO:0003083 ! braincase and otic capsule skeleton relationship: part_of XAO:0003175 ! otic region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:0005226 name: migrating myoblast def: "Any of the muscle precursor cells which emerge from the lower margin of the trunk somites, appear in a segmented pattern, and move through the lateral regions of the embryo to form the hypaxial muscle." [XAO:CJZ] synonym: "migratory somitic cell" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003015 ! myoblast relationship: develops_from XAO:0000314 ! trunk somite relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0005227 name: flexural organ def: "Tissue that is the most anterior portion of the notochord and secretes Reissner's fiber-related proteins, including F-spondin." [PMID:9482230] synonym: "FO" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000205 ! axial mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000055 ! notochord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005228 name: efferent neuron def: "A neuron that transmits nerve impulses away from the central nervous system to the muscles or glands." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: develops_from XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005195 ! enteric nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0005229 name: afferent neuron def: "A neuron that transmits nerve impulses to the central nervous system from sensory stimuli." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: develops_from XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005195 ! enteric nervous system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0005230 name: larval alimentary system def: "The alimentary system of a postembryonic, hatched or immature tadpole, prior to metamorphosis." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000125 ! alimentary system relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0005231 name: cloacal sphincter def: "The developing muscle surrounding the caudal end of the cloaca." [https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cloacal+sphincter] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0001019 ! proctodeum relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000244 ! cloaca relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0005232 name: ionocyte, alpha subtype def: "One of the two types of proton-secreteing cells (PSC) in amphibian skin, which play an important role in ion transport, alpha-PSCs are characterised by expression of slc4a1 (ae1) and localization of H+v-ATPases at the apical plasma membrane." [PMID:21266406] synonym: "alpha ionocyte" EXACT [] synonym: "alpha-PSC" EXACT [] synonym: "ICa" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004085 ! ionocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0005233 name: ionocyte, beta subtype def: "One of the two types of proton-secreteing cells (PSC) in amphibian skin, which play an important role in ion transport, beta-PSCs are characterised by expression of pendrin and localization of the H+v-ATPase cytosolically or basolaterally in the plasma membrane." [PMID:21266406] synonym: "beta ionocyte" EXACT [] synonym: "beta-PSC" EXACT [] synonym: "ICb" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004085 ! ionocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0005234 name: small secretory cell def: "One of the four cell types that are found in bilayered epithlium of the larval epidermis (the others being goblet cells, multicilliated cells, and ionocytes) and have an abundance of large apical secretory vesicles and secrete a glyocoprotein with antimicrobial properties." [PMID:24598166] synonym: "SCC" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000028 ! epidermis relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0005235 name: dorsal telencephalon def: "The dorsal part of the telencephalon." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "dt" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000012 ! telencephalon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0005236 name: intestinal stem cell def: "Type of adult stem cells that are induced by thyroid hormone (TH) and, during intestinal remodeling during metamorphosis, newly generate the absorptive epithelium." [PMID:30430240] synonym: "xenopus_anatomy" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0003054 ! stem cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000130 ! small intestine relationship: start_stage XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:0005238 name: obsolete rostral notochord is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0005423 [Term] id: XAO:0005239 name: obsolete caudal notochord is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:0005424 [Term] id: XAO:0005240 name: regenerating lens def: "Tissue of the lens that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [XAO:curators] synonym: "lens" BROAD [] is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004109 ! regenerating eye relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0005241 name: superficial layer of neurectoderm def: "Layer of neurectoderm that develops into the roof plate of the spinal cord." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000249 ! neural plate relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005242 name: posterior neural fold def: "The posterior portions of the U-shaped neural folds, the two longitudinal dorsal ridges caused by a folding up of the ectoderm, which appear on either side of the middle line of the early neurula embryo." [XAO:CJZ] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 relationship: part_of XAO:0000046 ! chordal neural plate relationship: part_of XAO:0004087 ! neural fold relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0005243 name: embryonic kidney def: "A transient kidney that functions in embryos of amphibians (and fish) while the mesonephros (which continue to grow into adult kidneys) are developing and before they are fully functional." [XAO:curators] synonym: "pronephros" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003267 ! kidney relationship: end_stage XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005244 name: adult kidney def: "Either of the pair of structures lying on either side of the dorsal aorta in which fluid balance is regulated and waste is excreted out in the form of urine." [XAO:curators] synonym: "mesonephros" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003267 ! kidney relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0005245 name: neurenteric canal def: "The most posterior zone of the neural tube, first evident at NF stage 17, which develops where the neural tube passes into the archenteron roof around the dorsal blastoporal lip, becoming deeper during late neurula stages." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000050 ! mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 relationship: part_of XAO:0000107 ! tail bud relationship: part_of XAO:0003204 ! neural tube relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0005246 name: migratory trunk neural crest cell def: "Migratory neural crest cell that is part of the trunk neural crest." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004069 ! migratory neural crest cell relationship: end_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 relationship: part_of XAO:0000319 ! trunk neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0005247 name: hindgut endoderm def: "Endoderm that is part of the hindgut." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0003260 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000104 ! hindgut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0005248 name: dorsal posterior hindgut endoderm def: "Dorsal part of the posterior hindgut endoderm." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0005250 ! posterior hindgut endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0005249 name: ventral posterior hindgut endoderm def: "Ventral part of the posterior hindgut endoderm." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0005250 ! posterior hindgut endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0005250 name: posterior hindgut endoderm def: "Posterior part of the hindgut endoderm." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0005247 ! hindgut endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0005251 name: anterior hindgut endoderm def: "Anterior part of the hindgut endoderm." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0005247 ! hindgut endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0005252 name: obsolete left olfactory pit is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000275 [Term] id: XAO:0005253 name: obsolete right olfactory pit is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000275 [Term] id: XAO:0005254 name: apical junction complex def: "A functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells, which in vertebrates is composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens, and desmosomes. Functions in the regulation of cell polarity, tissue integrity and intercellular adhesion and permeability." [GO:0043296] xref: GO:0043296 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003249 ! epithelial cell relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0005255 name: filopodium def: "Thin, stiff, actin-based protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast, an axonal or dendritic growth cone, or a dendritic shaft." [GO:0030175] xref: GO:0030175 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0005256 name: obsolete left eye is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000179 [Term] id: XAO:0005257 name: obsolete right eye is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000179 [Term] id: XAO:0005258 name: obsolete left inner ear is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000192 [Term] id: XAO:0005259 name: obsolete right inner ear is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000192 [Term] id: XAO:0005260 name: ventral trunk def: "Part of the trunk located on the ventral side of the organism." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! trunk relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0005261 name: posterior tail def: "The posterior part of the tail." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003026 ! tail relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0005262 name: anterior dorsal fin def: "The anterior part of the dorsal fin." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004063 ! dorsal fin relationship: start_stage XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:0005263 name: anterior neuroectoderm def: "Neuroectoderm that is located on the anterior side of the organism." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000042 ! neuroectoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0005264 name: dorsal tail def: "Part of the tail located on the dorsal side of the organism." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003026 ! tail relationship: start_stage XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:0005265 name: dorsal trunk def: "Part of the trunk located on the dorsal side of the organism." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003013 ! organism subdivision relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003025 ! trunk relationship: start_stage XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:0005266 name: thrombocyte def: "A cell type that produces platelets and coagulating factors that react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by clumping, thereby initiating a blood clot. In amphibians, embryonic and adult thrombocytes have different origins and potentially different gene expression markers." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet, XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: develops_from XAO:0004473 ! ventral mesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000124 ! blood relationship: part_of XAO:0001010 ! circulatory system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005267 name: embryonic thrombocyte def: "A cell type that produces platelets and coagulating factors that react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by clumping, thereby initiating a blood clot; and that, in embryos, emerge from the ventral mesoderm, just anterior to the ventral blood island. Embryonic thrombocytes are identified by cd41/itga2b.1 gene expression. Additional waves of emergence during development may occur but have not yet been described." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet, XAO:curators] synonym: "thrombocyte, embryonic" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005266 ! thrombocyte relationship: end_stage XAO:1000077 ! NF stage 65 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005268 name: adult thrombocyte def: "A cell type that produces platelets and coagulating factors that react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by clumping, thereby initiating a blood clot; and that, in adults, develop from hematopoietic stem cells." [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet, XAO:curators] synonym: "thrombocyte, adult" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005266 ! thrombocyte relationship: develops_from XAO:0003055 ! hematopoietic stem cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000077 ! NF stage 65 [Term] id: XAO:0005269 name: regenerating pelvic girdle def: "Pelvic girdle tissue that is re-growing after damage or amputation." [] {comment="XAO:EJS"} is_a: XAO:0004059 ! regenerating tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004060 ! blastema relationship: start_stage XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:0005270 name: obsolete left part of branchial arch skeleton is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0003180 [Term] id: XAO:0005271 name: obsolete right part of branchial arch skeleton is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0003180 [Term] id: XAO:0005272 name: obsolete left forelimb is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0003030 [Term] id: XAO:0005273 name: obsolete right forelimb is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0003030 [Term] id: XAO:0005274 name: obsolete left hindlimb is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0003031 [Term] id: XAO:0005275 name: obsolete right hindlimb is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0003031 [Term] id: XAO:0005276 name: obsolete left optic vesicle is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000228 [Term] id: XAO:0005277 name: obsolete right optic vesicle is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000228 [Term] id: XAO:0005278 name: obsolete left part of brain is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000010 [Term] id: XAO:0005279 name: obsolete right part of brain is_obsolete: true consider: XAO:0000010 [Term] id: XAO:0005280 name: ventro-lateral region def: "Anatomical region that overlaps the ventral and lateral regions of a body or body part." [BSPO:0000085] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005281 name: dorso-lateral region def: "Anatomical region that overlaps the dorsal and lateral regions of a body or body part." [BSPO:0000080] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005282 name: yolk platelet def: "An organelle that contains yolk for consumption during embryogenesis." [XAO:MEF] synonym: "YP" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000085 ! oocyte stage III [Term] id: XAO:0005283 name: non-neurogenic ectodermal placode def: "Ectodermal placode that does not develop into a component of the nervous system." [UBERON:0011814] xref: UBERON:0011814 is_a: XAO:0000305 ! cranial placode relationship: develops_from XAO:0004092 ! preplacodal ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0005284 name: sarcomere def: "The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs." [GO:0030017] xref: GO:0030017 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005311 ! myofibril relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005285 name: spindle microtubule def: "Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic or meiotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole." [GO:0005876] xref: GO:0005876 is_a: XAO:0005122 ! microtubule relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0005286 name: astral microtubule def: "Any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell." [GO:0000235] xref: GO:0000235 is_a: XAO:0005285 ! spindle microtubule relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0005287 name: jaw muscle primordium def: "The presumptive cells of the jaw muscle." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0004455 ! cranial muscle primordium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000097 ! mandibular arch relationship: develops_from XAO:0000098 ! hyoid arch relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:0005288 name: pial cell def: "A cell of the pia mater, the delicate fibrous meningeal coverings of the CNS." [PMID:30993182] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005289 ! pia mater relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0005289 name: pia mater def: "The innermost delicate fibrous meningeal coverings of the CNS. It is closely adherent to the brain tissue and is composed of one to several layers of flattened, modified fibroblasts and the ECM (collagen and elastic fibers, etc.) they produce." [PMID:30993182] synonym: "pia" RELATED [] synonym: "pia matter" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0002361 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000010 ! brain relationship: start_stage XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:0005290 name: Roux spot def: "The unpigmented maturation spot which indicates germinal vesicle breakdown and thus maturation of an oocyte." [PMID:30046, PMID:6540084] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:1000084 ! oocyte stage II relationship: part_of XAO:0000256 ! oocyte relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0005291 name: buccopharyngeal membrane def: "A 1-2 cell layer membrane comprising cells from the stomodeum and underlying endodermal layer. Perforation of this structure creates an opening connecting the external and the digestive tube which is essential for oral cavity formation." [PMID:16678148, PMID:28032936] synonym: "oral plate membrane" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0006211 is_a: XAO:0003042 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from XAO:0000257 ! oral evagination relationship: develops_from XAO:0000269 ! mouth primordium relationship: end_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 relationship: part_of XAO:0000269 ! mouth primordium relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0005292 name: nasociliary nerve def: "Cephalic nerve that innervates the nasal cavity and the eye." [] {comment="XAO:EJS"} synonym: "nervus nasociliaris" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0022300 is_a: XAO:0005309 ! cephalic nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003092 ! trigeminal nerve relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005293 name: maxillary nerve def: "Cephalic nerve that innervates the maxillary sinus." [] {comment="XAO:EJS"} synonym: "nervus maxillare" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000377 is_a: XAO:0005309 ! cephalic nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003092 ! trigeminal nerve relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005294 name: mandibular nerve def: "Cephalic nerve that innervates the lower jaw." [] {comment="XAO:EJS"} synonym: "nervus mandibulare" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000375 is_a: XAO:0005309 ! cephalic nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003092 ! trigeminal nerve relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005295 name: frontal nerve def: "Cephalic nerve that is the largest branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve." [] {comment="XAO:EJS"} synonym: "nervus frontalis" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000942 is_a: XAO:0005309 ! cephalic nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003092 ! trigeminal nerve relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005296 name: adherens junction def: "A cell junction at which anchoring proteins (cadherins or integrins) extend through the plasma membrane and are attached to actin filaments." [GO:0005912] xref: GO:0005912 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0005297 name: foregut epithelium def: "The epithelium of the foregut." [XAO:MEF] xref: UBERON:0015833 is_a: XAO:0003200 ! gut epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0004513 ! foregut endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:0005298 name: tracheal epithelium def: "The epithelium of the trachea." [XAO:MEF] xref: UBERON:0001901 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0005127 ! anterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000118 ! trachea relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0005299 name: esophageal epithelium def: "The epithelium of the esophagus." [XAO:MEF] xref: UBERON:0001976 is_a: XAO:0003045 ! epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0005127 ! anterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000127 ! esophagus relationship: start_stage XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:0005300 name: stomach epithelium def: "The epithelium of the stomach." [XAO:MEF] xref: UBERON:0001276 is_a: XAO:0003200 ! gut epithelium relationship: develops_from XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000232 ! foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:0005301 name: ventral endoderm def: "Ventral region of early embryonic endoderm." [XAO:MEF] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0005302 name: posterior endoderm def: "Posterior region of the developing endoderm." [XAO:MEF] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005303 name: anterior endoderm def: "Anterior region of the developing endoderm." [XAO:MEF] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: develops_from XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0000090 ! endoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005304 name: dorsal endomesoderm def: "Dorsal region of early embryonic endomesoderm." [XAO:MEF] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: develops_from XAO:0003044 ! endomesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 relationship: part_of XAO:0003044 ! endomesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0005305 name: ventral endomesoderm def: "Ventral region of early embryonic endomesoderm." [XAO:MEF] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: develops_from XAO:0003044 ! endomesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 relationship: part_of XAO:0003044 ! endomesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0005306 name: anterior endomesoderm def: "Anterior region of the developing endomesoderm." [XAO:MEF] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: develops_from XAO:0003044 ! endomesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003044 ! endomesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005307 name: posterior endomesoderm def: "Posterior region of the developing endomesoderm." [XAO:MEF] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: develops_from XAO:0003044 ! endomesoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0003044 ! endomesoderm relationship: start_stage XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005308 name: atrioventricular valve def: "A cardial valve in the atrioventricular region that separates the atrium from the ventricle and prevents backflow from the ventricles into the atria during systole." [UBERON:0002133] xref: UBERON:0002133 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000064 ! heart relationship: start_stage XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 [Term] id: XAO:0005309 name: cephalic nerve def: "A nerve that is part of the head." [UBERON:0011779] synonym: "head nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "nerve of head region" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0011779 is_a: XAO:0003047 ! nerve relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000178 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: part_of XAO:0003024 ! head relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005311 name: myofibril def: "The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism." [GO:0030016] synonym: "striated muscle fibre" RELATED [] xref: GO:0030016 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000174 ! skeletal muscle relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005312 name: M band def: "The midline of aligned thick filaments in a sarcomere; location of specific proteins that link thick filaments. Depending on muscle type the M band consists of different numbers of M lines." [GO:0031430] synonym: "M line" NARROW [] synonym: "mesophragma" RELATED [] xref: GO:0031430 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005284 ! sarcomere relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005313 name: actin cytoskeleton def: "The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes." [GO:0015629] xref: GO:0015629 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0005314 name: prootic bone def: "Either of the paired endochondral bones forming the anterior and lateral walls of the otic capsules." [UBERON:0004746] xref: UBERON:0004746 is_a: XAO:0004018 ! endochondral bone relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005225 ! otic capsule relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0005315 name: retinal vein def: "Vein that is part of the periocular region." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0000115 ! vein relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004089 ! periocular region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:0005316 name: periocular mesenchyme def: "Head mesenchyme that is part of the periocular region." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "POM" EXACT [] synonym: "ventronasal periocular mesenchyme" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0004307 ! head mesenchyme relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: part_of XAO:0004089 ! periocular region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:0005317 name: neuron projection def: "A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell." [GO:0043005] synonym: "nerve fiber" RELATED [] synonym: "neurite" NARROW [] synonym: "neuron process" EXACT [] synonym: "neuron protrusion" EXACT [] synonym: "neuronal cell projection" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003023 ! neuron relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0005318 name: cortical actin cytoskeleton def: "The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane." [GO:0030864] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005313 ! actin cytoskeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0005319 name: actin filament def: "A filamentous structure formed of a two-stranded helical polymer of the protein actin and associated proteins. Actin filaments are a major component of the contractile apparatus of skeletal muscle and the microfilaments of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells." [GO:0005884] synonym: "microfilament" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005313 ! actin cytoskeleton relationship: start_stage XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I [Term] id: XAO:0005320 name: roof of mouth def: "A multi-tissue structure consisting of bone and soft tissue that forms a part of the roof of the oral cavity." [UBERON:0007375] synonym: "palate" RELATED [] synonym: "palatum" RELATED [] synonym: "primary palate" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0007375 is_a: XAO:0003037 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003029 ! mouth relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:0005321 name: intercanthal region def: "Region of the face between the two inner (medial) canthi of the eye." [XAO:MEF] synonym: "inter-canthal line" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003186 ! anatomical region relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0004024 ! craniofacial region relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005322 name: tadpole def: "An organism at the tadpole stage." [UBERON:0002547] xref: UBERON:0002547 is_a: XAO:0003004 ! whole organism relationship: end_stage XAO:1000078 ! NF stage 66 relationship: start_stage XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:0005323 name: lymphoblast def: "An immature cell which typically differentiates to form a mature lymphocyte." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003012 ! cell relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0003152 ! immune system relationship: start_stage XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:0005324 name: anterior lateral line ganglion def: "Ganglion that develops from a cranial ectodermal placode and contains sensory neurons that innervate the anterior lateral line system." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "anterior lateral line ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: XAO:0004457 ! lateral line ganglion relationship: develops_from XAO:0004221 ! anterior lateral line placode relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:0005325 name: syndetome def: "Subdomain that occupies the dorso-lateral portion of a somite and comprises tendon progenitor cells. It is located between the neighboring sclerotome and myotome, at the future site of connection between bone and muscle, and gives rise to the axial tendons of the body." [https://discovery.lifemapsc.com/in-vivo-development/somite/syndetome] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000397 ! sclerotome relationship: end_stage XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 relationship: part_of XAO:0000058 ! somite relationship: start_stage XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:0005326 name: axon microtubule bundle def: "An arrangement of closely apposed microtubules running parallel to each other in the axon hillock and initial segment." [GO:1901589] synonym: "axon microtubule fascicle" EXACT [] synonym: "microtubule bundle of axon" EXACT [] synonym: "microtubule fascicle of axon" EXACT [] xref: GO:1901589 is_a: XAO:0004290 ! cell part relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0005015 ! axon relationship: start_stage XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:0005327 name: chordal neural crest def: "Neural crest comprising sacral, vagal, and trunk neural crest." [XAO:curators] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0000001 ! ectoderm relationship: end_stage XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 relationship: part_of XAO:0000048 ! neural crest relationship: start_stage XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:0005422 name: septum def: "A wall, dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones." [UBERON:0003037] synonym: "septa" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: UBERON:0003037 is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: start_stage XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:0005423 name: anterior notochord def: "The anterior portion of the notochord." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000055 ! notochord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005424 name: posterior notochord def: "The posterior portion of the notochord." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: end_stage XAO:0000437 ! death relationship: part_of XAO:0000055 ! notochord relationship: start_stage XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 [Term] id: XAO:0005425 name: transient tracheoesophageal septum def: "Temporary septum formed from epithelial tissue dividing the esophagus from the trachea. After mesenchymal invasion this gives rise to the permanent tissue separating the esophagus from the trachea." [XAO:MEF] synonym: "esophagotracheal septum" RELATED [] synonym: "tracheoesophageal septum" RELATED [] synonym: "transient TES" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:0005422 ! septum relationship: develops_from XAO:0005426 ! tracheoesophageal fold relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0000118 ! trachea relationship: part_of XAO:0000127 ! esophagus relationship: part_of XAO:0005127 ! anterior foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:0005426 name: tracheoesophageal fold def: "Any of the longitudinal folds in the respiratory diverticulum that fuse to form the tracheoesophageal septum, which separates the esophagus from the trachea." [XAO:MEF] synonym: "tracheoesophageal crest" RELATED [] synonym: "tracheoesophageal folds" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "tracheoesophageal ridge" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:0003040 ! tissue relationship: develops_from XAO:0005127 ! anterior foregut relationship: end_stage XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 relationship: part_of XAO:0005127 ! anterior foregut relationship: start_stage XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:1000000 name: Xenopus developmental stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "A temporal interval that defines Xenopus life from unfertilized egg to adult and death stages." [XAO:EJS] [Term] id: XAO:1000001 name: NF stage 1 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 1, corresponding to an embryo of age 0 hr and having the following external morphological criteria: One cell stage, shortly after fertilization. Pigmentation darker ventrally than dorsally. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "zygote" RELATED [] xref: UBERON:0000106 is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage [Term] id: XAO:1000002 name: early tailbud stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Tailbud stage that refers to the earlier events associated with this stage, comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 22 to 28." [Bgee:curator, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "early tailbud" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000007 ! tailbud stage [Term] id: XAO:1000003 name: blastula stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Embryonic stage during which the solid morula acquires an internal cavity, comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 7 to 9." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "blastula" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000108 is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000004 ! cleavage stage [Term] id: XAO:1000004 name: cleavage stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Embryonic stage during which the zygote undergoes synchronous divisions into 2, 4, 8, 16, etc. blastomeres, comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 2 to 6.5." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "cleavage" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000107 is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage [Term] id: XAO:1000005 name: gastrula stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Embryonic stage during which gastrulation takes place, with a proportion of cells migrating below the surface of the embryo to form two inner layers (endoderm and mesoderm) and the cells which remain outside spreading over the whole surface of the embryo to form the ectoderm; comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 10 to 12.5." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "gastrula" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000109 is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000003 ! blastula stage [Term] id: XAO:1000006 name: neurula stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Embryonic stage during which the future nervous system appears as a thickened plate in dorsal ectoderm, the plate then rolling up at its sides to form a tube; comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 13 to 21." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "neurula" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000110 is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000005 ! gastrula stage [Term] id: XAO:1000007 name: tailbud stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Embryonic stage during which neurulation is completed and tail formation begins, visible by an emerging tail primordium; comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 22 to 44 (feeding), including the beginning of hatching (NF stage 35/36)." [http://www.nature.com/nrg/journal/v5/n6/glossary/nrg1347.html, ISBN:0815318960] xref: UBERON:0009741 is_a: XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000006 ! neurula stage [Term] id: XAO:1000008 name: tadpole stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The post-embryonic Xenopus developmental stage from feeding to the end of metamorphosis, encompassing Weisz's first-form tadpole (equivalent to Nieuwkoop and Faber 45 to 49), second-form tadpole (NF 49 to 56) and third-form tadpole (NF 56 to 60-plus) stages." [ISBN:0471209627, ISSN:0003-276X] synonym: "larva" RELATED [] synonym: "larval stage" RELATED [] synonym: "tadpole" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0009849 is_a: XAO:1000095 ! post-embryonic stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000007 ! tailbud stage [Term] id: XAO:1000009 name: obsolete frog namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage is_obsolete: true replaced_by: XAO:1000093 [Term] id: XAO:1000010 name: juvenile frog stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Xenopus developmental stage that corresponds to a sexually immature post-tadpole animal." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "juvenile frog" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0000112 is_a: XAO:1000095 ! post-embryonic stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000008 ! tadpole stage [Term] id: XAO:1000011 name: NF stage 2 (2-cell) namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 2, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Advanced two cell stage. First cleavage groove has reached vegetal pole. Ventral side of blastomeres darker than dorsal side. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "2-cell stage" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007232 is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! cleavage stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000028 ! NF stage 2- [Term] id: XAO:1000012 name: embryonic stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Xenopus developmental stage that starts with fertilization and ends with the formed feeding larva." [Bgee:curator, XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0000068 is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg stage [Term] id: XAO:1000013 name: NF stage 3 (4-cell) namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 3, corresponding to an embryo of age 2 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Advanced four-cell stage. Second cleavage groove has reached vegetal pole. In animal view dorsal blastomeres usually smaller than ventral ones; the latter darker than the former. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "4-cell stage" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007233 is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! cleavage stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000011 ! NF stage 2 (2-cell) [Term] id: XAO:1000014 name: NF stage 4 (8-cell) namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 4, corresponding to an embryo of age 2 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Advanced eight cell stage. Dorsal micro- and macromeres usually smaller than ventral ones; dorsal micromeres less pigmented than ventral ones. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "8-cell stage" EXACT [] xref: UBERON:0007236 is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! cleavage stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000013 ! NF stage 3 (4-cell) [Term] id: XAO:1000015 name: NF stage 5 (16-cell) namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 5, corresponding to an embryo of age 2 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Advanced sixteen cell stage. Dorsal micromeres distinctly smaller and less pigmented than ventral ones. Macromeres entirely separated by cleavage grooves. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "16-cell stage" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! cleavage stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000014 ! NF stage 4 (8-cell) [Term] id: XAO:1000016 name: NF stage 6 (32-cell) namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 6, corresponding to an embryo of age 3 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Advanced thirty-two cell stage. Distinction between dorsal and ventral micromeres as in preceding stage. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "32-cell stage" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! cleavage stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000015 ! NF stage 5 (16-cell) [Term] id: XAO:1000017 name: NF stage 7 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 7 (64-cell stage), corresponding to an embryo of age 4 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Large-cell blastula stage. In animal view about 10 micromeres along meridian. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "64-cell stage" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000003 ! blastula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000029 ! NF stage 6.5 [Term] id: XAO:1000018 name: NF stage 8 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 8 (128-cell stage), corresponding to an embryo of age 5 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Medium-cell blastula stage. Surface not yet entirely smooth. Border of animal pigment cap more diffuse at dorsal than at lateral and ventral sides. Gradual transition in cell size from animal to vegetative pole. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "128-cell stage" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000003 ! blastula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000017 ! NF stage 7 [Term] id: XAO:1000019 name: NF stage 9 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 9, corresponding to an embryo of age 7 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Fine-cell blastula stage. Animal cells smaller at dorsal than at ventral side. Border between marginal zone and vegetative field distinct, particularly dorsally, owing to difference in cell size. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000003 ! blastula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000018 ! NF stage 8 [Term] id: XAO:1000020 name: NF stage 10 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 10, corresponding to an embryo of age 9 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Initial gastrula stage. First indication of blastopore only by pigment concentration. No formation of groove. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! gastrula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000019 ! NF stage 9 [Term] id: XAO:1000021 name: NF stage 11 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 11, corresponding to an embryo of age 11 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Horse-shoe-shaped blastopore stage. Blastopore groove surrounding about half of future yolk plug and indicated at its ventral side; future yolk plug often rounded rectangular, slightly elongated in dorso-ventral direction, diameter more than two-fifths of diameter of egg (plus or minus 50 degrees of circumference). Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! gastrula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000031 ! NF stage 10.5 [Term] id: XAO:1000022 name: NF stage 12 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 12, corresponding to an embryo of age 13 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Medium yolk plug stage. Yolk plug circular; diameter somewhat less than one fourth of diameter of egg (plus or minus 25 degrees). More and less pigmented fields radiating from yolk plug. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! gastrula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000032 ! NF stage 11.5 [Term] id: XAO:1000023 name: NF stage 13 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 13, corresponding to an embryo of age 14 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Slit-blastopore stage. Neural plate faintly delimited; slight elevation of its rostral part and slight flattening of its caudal part. Caudal part of median groove formed. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! neurula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000033 ! NF stage 12.5 [Term] id: XAO:1000024 name: NF stage 14 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 14, corresponding to an embryo of age 16 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Neural plate stage. Cerebral part of neural plate bent downwards, with median elevation at rostral end of median groove. Initial elevation of neural folds, most pronounced in future nucal region. Blastopore always slit-shaped. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! neurula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000023 ! NF stage 13 [Term] id: XAO:1000025 name: NF stage 15 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 15, corresponding to an embryo of age 17 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Early neural fold stage. Presumptive cement gland faintly circumscribed. Anterior part of neural plate roundish. Neural folds distinct, except medio-rostrally; initial formation of sharp inner ridges on neural folds in rhombencephalic region. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! neurula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000024 ! NF stage 14 [Term] id: XAO:1000026 name: NF stage 16 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 16, corresponding to an embryo of age 18 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Mid neural fold stage. Anterior part of neural plate rectangular; darkly pigmented eye anlagen present; neural plate sharply constricted in the middle. Inner ridges on neural folds forming angle of about 90 degrees with neural plate in rhombencephalic region. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! neurula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000025 ! NF stage 15 [Term] id: XAO:1000027 name: NF stage 17 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 17, corresponding to an embryo of age 18 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Late neural fold stage. Anterior part of neural plate oblong triangular, angles formed by eye anlagen. Neural folds approaching each other from blastopore up to anterior trunk region. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! neurula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000026 ! NF stage 16 [Term] id: XAO:1000028 name: NF stage 2- namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 2-, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Beginning of first cleavage. First cleavage groove has not yet reached vegetal pole. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! cleavage stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000001 ! NF stage 1 [Term] id: XAO:1000029 name: NF stage 6.5 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 6.5, corresponding to an embryo of age 3 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Morula stage. About 48 blastomeres. In animal view about 6 micromeres along meridian. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "morula" RELATED [ISBN:0815318960] xref: UBERON:0000085 is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000004 ! cleavage stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000016 ! NF stage 6 (32-cell) [Term] id: XAO:1000030 name: NF stage 10.25 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 10.25, corresponding to an embryo of age 10 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Early gastrula stage. First formation of dorsal blastopore groove; the groove is still straight. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "NF stage 10+" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! gastrula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000020 ! NF stage 10 [Term] id: XAO:1000031 name: NF stage 10.5 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 10.5, corresponding to an embryo of age 11 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Crescent-shaped blastopore stage. Blastopore groove angular. Vegetal field slightly decreased in size, ventral border of future yolk plug indicated by pigment contraction. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! gastrula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000030 ! NF stage 10.25 [Term] id: XAO:1000032 name: NF stage 11.5 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 11.5, corresponding to an embryo of age 12 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Large yolk plug stage. Blastopore groove closed ventrally; yolk plug not yet quite circular. At ventral side concentrated superficial pigment still visible. Diameter of yolk plug about a third of diameter of egg (plus or minus 40 degrees). Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! gastrula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000021 ! NF stage 11 [Term] id: XAO:1000033 name: NF stage 12.5 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 12.5, corresponding to an embryo of age 14 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Small yolk plug stage. Future position of neural plate and median groove indicated by darker pigment lines. Yolk plug usually ovoid, variable in size. Length: 1.4 - 1.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000005 ! gastrula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000022 ! NF stage 12 [Term] id: XAO:1000034 name: NF stage 18 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 18, corresponding to an embryo of age 19 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Neural groove stage. Anterior part of neural plate narrow, more or less club-shaped, often narrower towards rostral end. Parallel neural folds in trunk region very close to each other, not yet touching. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! neurula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000027 ! NF stage 17 [Term] id: XAO:1000035 name: NF stage 19 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 19, corresponding to an embryo of age 20 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Initial neural tube stage. Neural folds touching each other, except for inconstant openings at anterior and posterior end and behind nucal region. Considerable lateral extension of brain. Lateral outline of embryo still convex. Length: 1.5 - 1.6 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! neurula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000034 ! NF stage 18 [Term] id: XAO:1000036 name: NF stage 20 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 20, corresponding to an embryo of age 21 hr 45 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Neural folds fused, suture still present. The two eye anlagen showing through dumb-bell-shaped, eyes hardly protruding. Beginning of stretching of embryos. Lateral outline flat. Length: 1.7 - 1.8 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! neurula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000035 ! NF stage 19 [Term] id: XAO:1000037 name: NF stage 21 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 21, corresponding to an embryo of age 22 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Suture of neural tube completely closed. Delimitation of frontal field by pigment lines. Primary eye vesicles showing through in the form of two separate, obliquely placed oval spots; beginning of protrusion of eyes. Lateral outline of embryo just becoming concave, ventral outline flat. Length: 1.9 - 2.0 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000006 ! neurula stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000036 ! NF stage 20 [Term] id: XAO:1000038 name: NF stage 22 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 22, corresponding to an embryo of age 24 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Distinct protrusion of eyes. Initial groove between jaw- and gill-areas only at latero-dorsal side. Lateral and ventral outlines of embryo slightly concave. Anal opening displaced to ventral side. Vitelline membrane becoming wider. Length: 2.0 - 2.2 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! early tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000037 ! NF stage 21 [Term] id: XAO:1000039 name: NF stage 23 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 23, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 day, 45 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Jaw- and gill-areas completely separated by groove. Ventral outline of embryo more concave. Length: 2.2 - 2.4 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! early tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000038 ! NF stage 22 [Term] id: XAO:1000040 name: NF stage 24 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 24, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 day, 2 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Eyes protruding less far laterally than gill-area. Gill-area more prominent than jaw-area, gill-area not yet grooved. Ventral outline of embryo nicked. Tail bud discernible. Initial motor reactions to external stimulation. Length: 2.5 - 2.7 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! early tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000039 ! NF stage 23 [Term] id: XAO:1000041 name: NF stage 25 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 25, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 day, 3 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Eyes protruding equally far or further laterally than gill-area. Gill-area grooved. Invagination of otic vesicle indicated by pigment spot. Beginning of fin formation. Length: 2.8 - 3.0 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! early tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000040 ! NF stage 24 [Term] id: XAO:1000042 name: NF stage 26 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 26, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 day, 5 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Otic vesicle protruding. Pronephros distinctly visible. Myotomes showing through for the first time. Fin somewhat broadened at dorso-caudal end of body. Beginning of spontaneous movements. Length: 3.0 - 3.3 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! early tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000041 ! NF stage 25 [Term] id: XAO:1000043 name: NF stage 27 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 27, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 day, 7 hr 15 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Lateral flattening of eyes. Fin transluscent, except for region behind anus. Tail bud formation accentuated in lateral outline. Length: 3.4 - 3.7 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! early tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000042 ! NF stage 26 [Term] id: XAO:1000044 name: NF stage 28 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 28, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 day, 8 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Fin extending up to anus. Fin broadened and distinctly divided into outer transparent and inner translucent band. Length: 3.8 - 4.0 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000002 ! early tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000043 ! NF stage 27 [Term] id: XAO:1000045 name: NF stage 29 and 30 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 29/30, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 day, 11 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Gray eye cup showing through for the first time. Fin transparent up to the base over its whole length. Tail bud distinct. Length: 4.0 - 4.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000044 ! NF stage 28 [Term] id: XAO:1000046 name: NF stage 31 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 31, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 day, 13 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Tail bud equally long as broad. Length: 4.2 - 4.8 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000045 ! NF stage 29 and 30 [Term] id: XAO:1000047 name: NF stage 32 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 32, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 day, 16 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Eye cup horse-shoe-shaped, standing out distinctly. Length of tail bud about 1.5 times its breadth. Length: 4.5 - 5.1 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000046 ! NF stage 31 [Term] id: XAO:1000048 name: NF stage 33 and 34 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 33/34, corresponding to an embryo of age 1 day, 20 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Stomodeal invagination a shallow vertical groove. Dorsal part of eye more pigmented than ventral part; distinct melanophores in dorsal part. Melanophores appearing dorsally on the head and laterally in a row extending from just below the pronephros backwards. Length of tail bud about twice its breadth. Beginning of heart beat. Length: 4.7 - 5.3 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000047 ! NF stage 32 [Term] id: XAO:1000049 name: NF stage 35 and 36 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 35/36, corresponding to an embryo of age 2 days, 2 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Stomodeal invagination roundish. Eye entirely black, choroid fissure nearly closed. Formation of two gill rudiments, anterior one nipple-shaped. Melanophores appearing on back. Posterior outline of proctodeum still curved. Length of tail bud about three times its breadth. Beginning of hatching. Length: 5.3 - 6.0 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000048 ! NF stage 33 and 34 [Term] id: XAO:1000050 name: NF stage 37 and 38 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 37/38, corresponding to an embryo of age 2 days, 5 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Stomodeal invagination much deeper, opening round. Both gill rudiments nipple-shaped, a branch of the anterior one indicated. Posterior outline of proctodeum straight, forming very obtuse angle with ventral border of tail myotomes. Melanophores spreading over tail. Length: 5.6 - 6.2 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000049 ! NF stage 35 and 36 [Term] id: XAO:1000051 name: NF stage 39 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 39, corresponding to an embryo of age 2 days, 8 hr 30 min at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Melanophores appearing around nasal pits. Opening of stomodeal invagination transversely elongated. Melanophores on back arranged in a superficial and a deeper layer. Outlines of proctodeum and tail myotomes forming angle of about 135 degrees. Melanophores appearing along ventral edge of tail musculature. Length: 5.9 - 6.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000050 ! NF stage 37 and 38 [Term] id: XAO:1000052 name: NF stage 40 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 40, corresponding to an embryo of age 2 days, 18 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Mouth broken through. Length of gills about twice their breadth, posterior one sometimes also showing a branch. Outlines of proctodeum and tail myotomes forming angles of 90 degrees. Beginning of blood circulation in gills. Length: 6.3 - 6.8 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000051 ! NF stage 39 [Term] id: XAO:1000053 name: NF stage 41 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 41, corresponding to an embryo of age 3 days, 4 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Gills broader and flatter, more laterally directed. Formation of a left-rostral and a right-caudal furrow in yolk mass; torsion of interjacent part about 45 degrees; formation of conical proctodeum, forming angle of about 60 degrees with tail myotomes. Formation of fin rostral to proctodeum; ventral outline of yolk mass and proctodeum a smooth concave line. Length: 6.7 - 7.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000052 ! NF stage 40 [Term] id: XAO:1000054 name: NF stage 42 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 42, corresponding to an embryo of age 3 days, 8 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Beginning of formation of opercular folds. Torsion of intestine about 90 degrees; proctodeum connected with yolk mass by short horizontal intestinal tube. Length: 7.0 - 7.7 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000053 ! NF stage 41 [Term] id: XAO:1000055 name: NF stage 43 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 43, corresponding to an embryo of age 3 days, 15 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Lateral line system becoming visible externally. Cement gland losing its pigment. Torsion of intestine about 180 degrees; proctodeum narrower, arched or S-shaped. Length: 7.5 - 8.3 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000054 ! NF stage 42 [Term] id: XAO:1000056 name: NF stage 44 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 44, corresponding to an embryo of age 3 days, 20 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Appearance of tentacle rudiments. Opercular folds protruding further. Coiling part of intestine showing S-shaped loop; torsion about 360 degrees. Blood-circulation in gills usually ceased (gills smaller). Length: 7.8 - 8.5 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000055 ! NF stage 43 [Term] id: XAO:1000057 name: NF stage 45 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 45, corresponding to a tadpole of age 4 days, 2 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Operculum partly covering gills, edge still straight. Intestine spiralized in ventral aspects, showing 1.5 revolutions. Beginning of feeding. Length: 8 - 10 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000056 ! NF stage 44 [Term] id: XAO:1000058 name: NF stage 46 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 46, corresponding to a tadpole of age 4 days, 10 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Edge of operculum becoming convex. Xantophores appearing on eye and abdomen. Intestine showing 2 to 2.5 revolutions. Hindlimb bud visible for the first time. Length: 9 - 12 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000057 ! NF stage 45 [Term] id: XAO:1000059 name: NF stage 47 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 47, corresponding to a tadpole of age 5 days, 12 hr at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Tentacles larger. Edge of operculum forming quarter of a circle. Xantophores forming opaque layer on abdomen. Intestine showing 2.5 to 3.5 revolutions. Hindlimb bud more distinct. Length: 12 - 15 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000058 ! NF stage 46 [Term] id: XAO:1000060 name: NF stage 48 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 48, corresponding to a tadpole of age 7.5 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Beginning of pigmentation around n. acusticus. Forelimb bud visible for the first time. Shining gold-coloured abdomen. Hindlimb bud semicircular in lateral aspect. Length: 14 - 17 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000059 ! NF stage 47 [Term] id: XAO:1000061 name: NF stage 49 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 49, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 12 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Melanophores usually appearing around thymus gland and nerves and blood vessels of head; xantophores appearing on pericard. Forelimb bud distinct. Hindlimb bud somewhat longer, distal outline still circular, no constrictions at base. Melanophores appearing on dorsal and ventral fin. Length: 17 - 23 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000060 ! NF stage 48 [Term] id: XAO:1000062 name: NF stage 50 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 50, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 15 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Forelimb bud somewhat oval-shaped in dorsal aspect. Hindlimb bud longer than broad, constricted at base, distal outline somewhat conical. Length: 20 - 27 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000061 ! NF stage 49 [Term] id: XAO:1000063 name: NF stage 51 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 51, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 17 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Tentacles much longer. Forelimb bud oval-shaped in lateral aspect. Hindlimb bud conical in shape, its length about 1.5 times its breadth; melanophores appearing on it. Length: 28 - 36 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000062 ! NF stage 50 [Term] id: XAO:1000064 name: NF stage 52 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 52, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 21 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Forelimb bud irregularly conical. Hindlimb bud showing first indication of ankle constriction and first sign of flattening of foot. Length: 42 - 56 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000063 ! NF stage 51 [Term] id: XAO:1000065 name: NF stage 53 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 53, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 24 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Fore- and hindlimbs in paddle stage. Hindlimb whithout foot somewhat longer than broad; 4th and 5th toe indicated. Length: 50 - 60 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000064 ! NF stage 52 [Term] id: XAO:1000066 name: NF stage 54 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 54, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 26 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: All four fingers indicated; edge of hand slightly scalloped between fingers; melanophores appearing on forelimb. Length of hindlimb without foot nearly twice its breadth; all five toes indicated, the second only very slightly. Length: 58 - 65 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000065 ! NF stage 53 [Term] id: XAO:1000067 name: NF stage 55 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 55, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 32 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Hand pronated about 90 degrees; free parts of fingers about equally long as broad. Length of hindlimb without foot about 3 times its breadth; length of cartilages of 4th and 5th toe about 4 times their breadth. Length: 70 - 80 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000090 ! prometamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000066 ! NF stage 54 [Term] id: XAO:1000068 name: NF stage 56 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 56, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 38 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Elbow and wrist clearly indicated; length of free parts of fingers 3 to 4 times their breadth. Length of cartilages of 4th and 5th toe about 6 times their breadth. Length: 70 - 100 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000090 ! prometamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000067 ! NF stage 55 [Term] id: XAO:1000069 name: NF stage 57 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 57, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 41 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Pigment-free spot appearing above \"Stirnorgan\". Angle of elbow more than 90 degrees; fingers stretched out in forelimb atrium, their length about 7 times their breadth. Length: 75 - 105 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000090 ! prometamorphosis stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000068 ! NF stage 56 [Term] id: XAO:1000070 name: NF stage 58 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 58, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 44 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Forelimbs broken through. Guanophores appearing on abdomen and thighs (adult skin areas). All three claws present on hindlimbs. Length: 80 - 110 mm." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! climax stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000069 ! NF stage 57 [Term] id: XAO:1000071 name: NF stage 59 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 59, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 45 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Tentacles beginning to shrivel up. Stretched forelimb reaching down to base of hindlimb. Guanophores appearing near base of forelimb (adult skin area); anterior border of adult skin area on abdomen not yet sharp; appearance of irregular dark spots on back." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! climax stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000070 ! NF stage 58 [Term] id: XAO:1000072 name: NF stage 60 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 60, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 46 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: N. olfactorius still longer than bulbus olfactorius. Guanophores appearing on lower jaw (adult skin area). Openings of gill chambers still wide. Distal half of fingers of stretched forelimb extending beyond base of hindlimb; forelimb still situated behind level of heart. Adult skin area of base of forelimb covered with guanophores; anterior border of adult skin area on abdomen sharper, reaching up to heart." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! climax stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000071 ! NF stage 59 [Term] id: XAO:1000073 name: NF stage 61 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 61, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 48 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Head narrower. Tentacles considerably shortened, mostly curved backwards. Length of n. olfactorius equal to diameter of bulbus olfactorius. 4th arterial arch seen just in front of adult skin area of forelimb. Openings of gill chambers considerably narrowed. Forelimb at level of posterior half of heart. Adult skin area on abdomen covering posterior half of heart. Fins considerably reduced." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! climax stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000072 ! NF stage 60 [Term] id: XAO:1000074 name: NF stage 62 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 62, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 49 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Head still somewhat broader than cranial part of trunk. Tentacles short, straight. N. olfactorius shorter than diameter of bulbus olfactorius. Corner of mouth still in front of eye. Thymus gland somewhat protruding. 3rd arterial arch (\"larval aorta\") seen at distance of its own diameter in front of adult skin area of forelimb. Opening of operculum reduced to curved slit. Forelimb at level of middle of heart. Anterior border of adult skin area on abdomen entirely sharp, mostly nicked medially. Ventral fin disappeared from abdomen." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! climax stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000073 ! NF stage 61 [Term] id: XAO:1000075 name: NF stage 63 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 63, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 51 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Head narrower than trunk. Tentacles mostly disappeared. Corner of mouth at level of caudal border of eye. \"Larval aorta\" and thymus gland no longer externally visible. Operculum closed. Adult skin areas on abdomen and lower jaw separated by narrow band of larval skin. Forelimb at level of anterior half of heart. Fin mostly perforated near anus. Tail still slightly longer than body." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! climax stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000074 ! NF stage 62 [Term] id: XAO:1000076 name: NF stage 64 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 64, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 53 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Corner of mouth well behind eye. Various adult skin areas joined almost everywhere, borderlines still clearly visible. Length of tail (from anus) is a third of body length." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! climax stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000075 ! NF stage 63 [Term] id: XAO:1000077 name: NF stage 65 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 65, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 54 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Borderlines between adult skin areas partly disappeared. Tail oblong triangular in dorsal aspect, length abouth one tenth of body length." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! climax stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000076 ! NF stage 64 [Term] id: XAO:1000078 name: NF stage 66 namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 66, corresponding to a tadpole of age about 58 days at 22-24 Celsius and having the following external morphological criteria: Border lines between adult skin areas disappeared. Tail only a very small triangle, no longer visible from ventral side." [ISBN:0815318960] is_a: XAO:1000094 ! NF stage relationship: part_of XAO:1000091 ! climax stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000077 ! NF stage 65 [Term] id: XAO:1000079 name: metamorphosing tadpole stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Tadpole stage during which toe differentiation and rapid hindlimb growth continue, followed by tail resorption; comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 54 to 66." [Bgee:curator, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "metamorphosing tadpole" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000008 ! tadpole stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000089 ! premetamorphosis stage [Term] id: XAO:1000080 name: late tailbud stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Tailbud stage that refers to the later events associated with this stage, comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 29/30 to 44." [Bgee:curator, ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "late tailbud" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000007 ! tailbud stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000002 ! early tailbud stage [Term] id: XAO:1000081 name: unspecified stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Unspecified Xenopus developmental stage." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage [Term] id: XAO:1000082 name: unfertilized egg stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Any of the stages of the developing or mature Xenopus female gamete." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "unfertilized egg" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage [Term] id: XAO:1000083 name: oocyte stage I namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The pre-vitellogenic stage of the developing female gamete." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg stage created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:23:46Z [Term] id: XAO:1000084 name: oocyte stage II namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The early vitellogenic stage of the developing female gamete." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000083 ! oocyte stage I created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:24:37Z [Term] id: XAO:1000085 name: oocyte stage III namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The mid-vitellogenic stage of the developing female gamete." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000084 ! oocyte stage II created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:24:56Z [Term] id: XAO:1000086 name: oocyte stage IV namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The stage of the developing female gamete that corresponds to the establishment of polarization along the animal-vegetal axis of the gamete." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000085 ! oocyte stage III created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:25:13Z [Term] id: XAO:1000087 name: oocyte stage V namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The late-vitellogenic stage of the developing female gamete." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000086 ! oocyte stage IV created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:25:43Z [Term] id: XAO:1000088 name: oocyte stage VI namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The developmental stage of the female gamete at which the gamete is fully grown." [XAO:EJS] is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000087 ! oocyte stage V created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:26:43Z [Term] id: XAO:1000089 name: premetamorphosis stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Tadpole stage during which limb bud growth occurs, comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 45 to 54." [ISBN:0124554032] synonym: "premetamorphosis" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000008 ! tadpole stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000080 ! late tailbud stage [Term] id: XAO:1000090 name: prometamorphosis stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Metamorphosing tadpole stage during which toe differentiation and rapid hindlimb growth continue, comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 55 to 57." [ISBN:0124554032] synonym: "prometamorphosis" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000079 ! metamorphosing tadpole stage [Term] id: XAO:1000091 name: climax stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Metamorphosing tadpole stage during which tail resorption occurs, comprising Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 58 to 66." [ISBN:0124554032] synonym: "climax" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000079 ! metamorphosing tadpole stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000090 ! prometamorphosis stage [Term] id: XAO:1000092 name: mature egg stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "The developmental stage of the female gamete at which the gamete has reached maturity." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "mature egg" RELATED [] is_a: XAO:1000082 ! unfertilized egg stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000088 ! oocyte stage VI created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-09T02:32:08Z [Term] id: XAO:1000093 name: adult frog stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Xenopus developmental stage that corresponds to a fully formed, mature animal." [XAO:EJS] synonym: "adult frog" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000095 ! post-embryonic stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000010 ! juvenile frog stage created_by: lab creation_date: 2011-09-19T01:53:23Z [Term] id: XAO:1000094 name: NF stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Xenopus developmental stage that is one of the 66 standard chronological embryonic and tadpole stages originally described by Nieuwkoop and Faber in the Normal Table of Xenopus laevis (Daudin)." [ISBN:0815318960, XAO:EJS] synonym: "Nieuwkoop and Faber stage" EXACT [] synonym: "Nieuwkoop-Faber stage" EXACT [] is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage created_by: eriksegerdell creation_date: 2013-02-09T18:40:27Z [Term] id: XAO:1000095 name: post-embryonic stage namespace: xenopus_developmental_stage def: "Xenopus developmental stage that succeeds the embryonic stage." [XAO:EJS] xref: UBERON:0000092 is_a: XAO:1000000 ! Xenopus developmental stage relationship: preceded_by XAO:1000012 ! embryonic stage [Typedef] id: develops_from name: develops from xref: RO:0002202 is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: end_stage name: ends during def: "Anatomical structure/expression stops being viable, obvious or of utility during this developmental stage." [XAO:curators] [Typedef] id: part_of name: part of xref: BFO:0000050 is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: preceded_by name: preceded by is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: start_stage name: starts during def: "Anatomical structure/expression begins being viable, obvious or of utility during this developmental stage." [XAO:curators]